Mahachula Academic Journal

Zen Meditation for Beginners

Suchaya Sirithanyaporn — 2024-12-04

หลัก เซนไม่ได้เรียกร้องการสักการะบูชาหรือความศรัทธาในหลักคำสอน เซนไม่ใช่เทวนิยม และก็ไม่ใช่ทั้งการไม่เชื่อในเทพเจ้าหรือไม่เชื่อในพระเจ้า เซนไม่ใช่ทั้งการเสนอและปฏิเสธพระเจ้า เพียงแต่เซนไม่ได้หยิบยกคำถามเรื่องพระเจ้าขึ้นมาเป็นสิ่งสำคัญในการฝึกจิต

พระพุทธเจ้าทรงเป็นมนุษย์ธรรมดาที่ได้ปลดปล่อยตัวเองจากความทุกข์ และได้ทรงสอนผู้อื่นในความเป็นไปได้เช่นเดียวกัน เป็นเวลากว่า ๒,๖๐๐ ปี นับตั้งแต่การตรัสรู้

หนังสือเล่มนี้ จะให้สิ่งที่คุณต้องการในการเริ่มฝึกฝึกปฏิบัติสมาธิแบบวิถีเซน การฝึกปฏิบัตินั้นเป็นเพียงหนทางเดียวที่จะเข้าใจเซนและตัวเองได้อย่างกระจ่างแจ้ง เพื่อช่วยให้คุณผ่อนคลายความเครียดและค้นพบความสมดุลนั่นเอง

Influences of Beliefs about the Nāga King to Buddhism in Thailand

Pm.Yutthana Narajettho — 2024-12-04

This research project had three objectives; (1) to study the context of beliefs about
the Naga king to Buddhism in Thailand, (2) to study an influence of beliefs about the Naga
king to Thai society, and (3) to analyze an influence of beliefs about the Naga king to
Buddhism in Thailand. The research methodology was qualitative research with the
documentary study and the field study by using observation, in-depth interview, focus
group discussion and public hearing. The fields of the research consist of 10 provinces of
Thailand; Phrae, Nan, Nong Khai, Bueng Kan, Udon Thani, Nakhon Phanom, Mukdahan,
Ubon Ratchathani, Krabi, and Nakhon Si Thammarat.
Result of the research was found that; (1) Beliefs about the Naga king according to
Thai people in Thailand are mixed among beliefs in animal who have supernatural
power, belief in the ghost or gods in the local legends, beliefs in gods of the underworld
based on Hinduism, and gods as protector the sacred things and places based on Bud-
dhism. The beliefs about the Naga king of Thai people have been arisen 2600 years ago
before entering of Buddhism in this legion. (2) The influences of beliefs about the Naga
king to Thai society into the five dimensions consisting of: Economy, social, cultural, fine
arts, and rituals dimension. In the economy dimension, it was found that societies got the
good advantages concretely such as income of people, development of environment
and landscape of temple, construction of infrastructure or buildings, cultural tourism, and
distribution of goods about the Naga king. In the social dimension, people in Thai society
realized the values and importance of the sacred places in community and Buddhism
and also acted like the Naga king’s action. In the cultural dimension, a life pattern of
peoples is off to respond the needs of their daily lives and effected to cultural, natural
and religious tourism. In the fine arts dimension, the Naga king influenced to architecture,
sculpture, painting, and handicraft in Thai society for a long time that came together the
age of building a house and converting city of people since the primitive time until the
present time. In the rituals dimension, they are influenced from the beliefs about the
Naga king consisting of: The ritual of the Naga ordination, the ritual of the water for monks, the ritual of flowing light boat, and the ritual of regatta. (3) The influences of beliefs about
the Naga king to Buddhism in Thailand consist of the four dimensions: Faith, the fine arts,
literature, and ceremony. In the faith dimension, it was found that mixed among the lo-
cal faith of the Naga king as the local god of the land and the rivers and as the protector
of the sacred place and sacred thing in Buddhism. In the fine arts dimension, it was found
in the painting, sculpture, architecture, and handicraft. In the literature dimension, there
were many the legends of the Naga king in each region of Thailand such as the legend
of Urangadhatu, the legend of the Buddha travelled around the World, etc. And in the
ceremony dimension, it was found in the ceremony for chanting parents’ loving kindness,
the Naga ordination, and the worship to the Naga king.

Improving the Quality of Life According to the Buddhist Approach of Ban San Na Khian Community, San Na Nong Mai Subdistrict, Wiang Sa District, Nan Province

Santiphab Intakuan — 2024-12-04

This research article had objectives: (1) to study the quality of life problems of Ban Sannakhian Community, Sannanongmai Subdistrict, Wiangsa District, Nan Province, (2) to study the principles of developing the quality of life according to Buddhism, and (3) to study Improving the quality of life according to the Buddhism of Ban Sannakhian Community, Sannanongmai Subdistrict, Wiangsa District, Nan Province. This was a qualitative research obtaining data from documents and fieldwork by interviewing 25 key informants and analyzed data by means of content analysis.
The results revealed that: (1) For the quality of life problems, most Sannakian villagers had a low level of education and worked as farmers. They had high production costs but low incomes. They had a lot of debt problems, causing more young people to go out looking for work in other provinces, causing their children to stay with
grandparents, who had very different levels of knowledge and thinking, especially knowledge of using technology, cause their children to lack love and warmth from their parents and have a low quality of life. As a result, training activities to enhance the quality of life of the people there should be conducted as to raise more incomes.
(2) For improving the quality of life according to the Buddhism, there are many principles such as: undertaking the 5 precepts, 4 Bhavanas, the 38 blessings, the Threefold Learning, and the 4 paths of accomplishment. However, the well known and mostly promoted are the 5 precepts that focus on not killing or violating life, not stealing, being honest to one’s own mate, not using false speech, and avoiding intoxicants. Such practices lead to
a good society and the people in the community are happy and peaceful individually and socially. (3) For developing the quality of life according to Buddhism, the Ban Sannakhian community has guidelines to improve the quality of life in 4 areas:
1) economics, the Ban Sannakhian community dares to change, diligent and patient, not involve in vices, has morality, workes together to develop Phra Thatsannakian as a tourist attraction and produces community products, 2) Mentally, the Ban Sannakian community organizes morality training, attends temples, undertakes precepts, trains the mind and prays regularly, 3) Physically, the Ban Sannakian community exercises regularly, has clean food, does not drink alcohol, nor smoke, nor take drugs, undertook the 5 precepts in daily life, and 4) Socially, the Ban Sannakhian community does not harm each other, sacrifices and helps each other according to 4 Sangahavatthus or 4 the bases of sympathy.

The Destiny Scripture, Phone Panao Temple Edition, Saysettha City, Vientiane Capital, People's Democratic Republic of Laos: Transliteration, Translation and Analytical Study

Phra Vieng Silimanotham — 2024-12-04

The purpose of this article was to present (1) the history of the Destiny Scripture from Wat Phone Phanao, Sai Seththa District, Vientiane Capital, Lao People’s
Democratic Republic; (2) to transliterate and translate the manuscript of the Destiny Scripture from Wat Phone Phanao, Sai Seththa District, Vientiane Capital, Lao People’s
Democratic Republic; and (3) to analyze its content of the Destiny Scripture from Wat Phone Phanao, Sai Seththa District, Vientiane Capital, Lao People’s Democratic Republic.

The research employed documentary study methods and content analysis through descriptive techniques. The findings reveal that: (1) the Destiny Scripture from Wat Phone Phanao comprises five main texts: the “Panya Paramita” manuscript, the “Unhadsavichai” manuscript, the “Yantun Nimit” manuscript, the “Salaka Ravisutra” manuscript, and the “Tip Mon” manuscript. It is believed that these texts were authored by Phra Ajahn Phimpho Techathammo and Phra Ajahn Yai Mahacharuun Wachirangsi. These manuscripts share a similar structure, consisting of sections such as Utesa, Nitesa, and Patinitesa,
and they are written in a style that combines Pali and Lao languages for ease of under standing while maintaining the sacredness of the content. (2) In terms of transliteration
and translation, all five manuscripts utilize Pali interspersed with Lao translations, with the content summarized and concluded with the phrase “Sadet Bole Buon Khuan Thae
Ni Kon Lae”. Each manuscript emphasizes Buddhist principles, such as the Ten Perfections (Parami), adherence to the Triple Gem, and seeking blessings from the Buddha to avert calamities. (3) And then, regarding the analysis of the manuscripts in four main aspects of appearance and usage, Buddhist principles presented in the manuscripts, cultural and traditional practices found in the manuscripts, and their application in daily life. it was found that the Destiny Scripture from Wat Phone Phanao plays a significant role in uplifting and encouraging individuals and communities. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in preserving the noble culture and traditions of the Lao people.

Guidelines for skill development of private school Administrators under the office of Education, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province

wasana krisin — 2024-12-04

The objectives of this research are to (1) study the current conditions and desired conditions for developing the skills of private school administrators (2) present guidelines for developing the skills of private school administrators. Method operation the research has 2 steps: (1) study the current condition Desired conditions and guidelines for developing the skills of private school administrators. Under the jurisdiction of the Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Provincial Education Office. It is necessary to develop the skills of private school administrators. (2) Present guidelines for developing the skills of private school administrators. There were 7 Key informants, which were obtained by means of purposive sampling. The research instrument used was a semi-structured interview. And analyze content data the results of the research found that: (1) Current conditions and desired conditions for developing the skills of private school administrators. Overall, it is at a high level. (2) Guidelines for developing the skills of private school administrators consist of 4 areas as follows: (1) Technical skills Administrators should allocate budgets and administrative resources to enable teachers and educational personnel to develop the mselves by acquiring additional knowledge related to their work appropriately. (2) human relations skills Management should organize activities and projects to build good relationships with personnel. To create a good atmosphere for working within the organization (3) conceptual skills Executives should organize meetings to clarify for personnel to have a common understanding of the overall picture of the organization.

To have the aim of developing the organization in the same direction. (4) educational and teaching skills Administrators should promote education. By allocating sufficient time to teachers and personnel to provide learning for students, including developing the school’s curriculum to keep up with the changing conditions of today’s society.

The Development of Collaborative Problem Solving and Decision Making Skill by Using Problem Based Learning in the Topic of Physical Properties of Materials for Grade 4 Students at Anubanwatutapao School, Chonburi Province

๋Jirayu Seelatee — 2024-12-04

The objectives of this action research were: (1) to development of collaborative problem solving and decision making skill of Fourth Grade Students through Problem-Based Learning on the Topic of Physical Properties of Materials of grade 4 students at Anubanwatutapao school, by using problem based learning in the topic of Physical Properties of Materials, (2) to study the best practices in implementing problem based learning in the topic of physical properties of materials for develops collaborative problem solving and decision making skill. The participants were 24 of grade 4 students from Anubanwatutapao school Chonburi province, selected using purposive sampling. The research instruments used were: problem based learning plan, collaborative problem solving assessment, decision making skill assessment, student worksheet, and teacher's reflective journals. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, and content analysis.

The research finding showed that after used implementing problem based learning: (1) students showed improvement in collaborative problem solving, with 21 students, or 87.50% at a high level, students showed improvement in decision making skill, with 20 students, or 83.33% at a high level, (2) the best practices of problem based learning from this research were the following: 2.1) building relationships among group members and assigning roles that align with their abilities in performing activities, which enable students to carry out their responsibilities effectively, engage in discussions, brainstorm, collaborate on problem solving, and make decisions more efficiently. 2.2) strengthening the basics of problem identification, hypothesis formulation, and variable determination through skill exercises, combined with reflective feedback from the teacher before the problem definition and research phases, better prepare students for collaborative problem solving and improve their decision making skill. 2.3) observing, monitoring, providing assistance, and using questions during group activities foster trust among students, encouraging them to ask questions, share opinions, brainstorm, and collaborate in decision making and problem solving within the group.

Guidelines for the Development of Executive Roles in the Development of New Normal Learning Centers of Educational Institutions Under Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya City Municipality

นุษบา สุขญาณกิจ — 2024-12-04

The purposes of this research were : (1) to study the actual and expected roles of school administrators in developing new learning resources of schools under Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Municipality and (2) to propose guidelines for developing the roles of school administrators in developing new learning resources of schools under Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Municipality. The research process consisted of 2 steps: (1) studying the actual and expected roles of school administrators in developing new learning. The sample group consisted of 133 teachers of schools under Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Municipality selected using stratified random sampling. The research tool was a questionnaire. Statistical analysis was performed by mean and standard deviation. (2) Proposing guidelines for developing the roles of school administrators in developing new learning of schools under Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Municipality. The key informants, obtained by purposing sampling, included 5 of the Director of the Education Bureau and the Director of Schools, The research tools used were interviews and content analysis.
The research findings revealed as follows: (1) the actual roles of school administrators in developing new learning sources of schools under Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Municipality was at a moderate level. As for the roles that teachers hope for administrators in developing new learning sources, they are at a high level. (2) Guidelines for developing the roles of school administrators in developing new learning resources of schools included 28 practical items within 6 aspects. (1) Being
an initiator included 6 practical items (2) Being a public relations officer and community included 6 practical items (3) Being a problems solver included 5 practical items (4) Being a coordinator included 5 practical items and (5) Being an evaluator, guide, and supervisor included 5 practical items

The Leadership of Administrators That Affects Team Work in School Organization of Schools Under The Samut Prakan Primary Educational Service Area Office 1

Kanyapak Thongsri — 2024-12-04

This objectives of the research article are (1) to study the leadership of administrators in school organizations under the Samut Prakan Primary Educational Service Area Office, District 1 (2) teamwork in school organizations under the Samut Prakan Primary Educational Service Area Office, District 1 (3) Leadership of administrators that affects teamwork in school organizations under the Samut Prakan Primary Educational Service Area Office 1 The sample group used in this research consisted of Teachers working in educational institutions Under the Samut Prakan Primary Educational Service Area Office, Area 1, academic year 2022, the number of students was 327. The sample size was determined using the sample comparison table. The research tool was a questionnaire on the leadership level of the people. Management that affects teamwork in school organizations under the Samut Prakan Primary Educational Service Area Office 1It has the characteristics of a 5-level estimation scale of Thanin Silcharu, which has a confidence value for the whole version equal to 0.82. Statistics used in data analysis include percentage (%), mean (x ̅), standard deviation (S.D.). Alpha coefficient analysis of variance Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression analysis

THE DEVELOPMENT OF FUNDAMENTAL THINKING SKILLS FOR 3 nd GRADE - PRESCHOOL LEARNING THROUGH MONTESSORI CONCEPT

anond metheevarachatra — 2024-12-04

Abstract

The objectives of this research were: (1) to compare the Fundamental Thinking Skills in learning before and after of Kindergarten 3 students by arranging learning experiences based on Montessori approach, (2) to study the development of Fundamental Thinking Skills in learning of Kindergarten 3 students arranging learning experiences based on Montessori approach, and (3) to study the satisfaction of Kindergarten 3 students in receiving arranged learning experiences based on Montessori approach. This study was experimental research. The sample group used in the research was 29 Kindergarten 3/2 students from Wat Bangluang School, Bang Len District, Nakhon Pathom Province, in the first semester of the 2023 academic year obtained through cluster random sampling using classrooms as sampling units. The research instruments included lesson plans of arranging learning experiences based on the Montessori approach for Kindergarten 3 students, a test of basic thinking skill in learning of Kindergarten 3 students, an assessment of basic thinking skill in learning, and a questionnaire on satisfaction with arranged learning experiences based on the Montessori approach. The data analysis used percentage (%), mean (X), standard deviation (S.D.), and t – test dependent.

The research results found that: (1) Kindergarten 3 students who received learning experience arrangement based on the Montessori approach had significantly higher Fundamental Thinking Skills in learning at the .05 level after receiving the learning experience arrangement compared to before. (2) Kindergarten 3 students who received learning experience arrangement based on the Montessori approach had developed basic thinking skill in learning after receiving the learning experience arrangement based on the Montessori approach. (3) Kindergarten 3 students who received learning experience arrangement based on the Montessori approach had a high level of average satisfaction with the learning experience arrangement based on the Montessori approach

Keywords: Montessori Approach; Fundamental Thinking Skills in learning

The Development of Analytical Reading Ability and Reading Habit of Prathomsuksa 4 Students Using KWL Plus Technique and Coaching

anond metheevarachatra — 2024-12-04

Abstract

The purposes of this research are (1) to compare the analytical reading ability of Grade 4 students before and after learning with the KWL Plus technique combined with coaching; (2) to study the development of reading habits. of 4th grade students who organized learning using the KWL Plus technique combined with coaching. (3) To study the opinions of 4th grade primary school students towards learning management using the KWL Plus technique combined with coaching. Sample groups include: Grade 4 students at Wat Bang Luang School, Bang Len District, Nakhon Pathom Province, Grade 4/3, totaling 25 people. The tools used in the research consisted of (1) a learning plan for analytical reading by organizing learning techniques. KWL Plus together with coaching (2) analytical reading ability test (3) reading habit observation form (4) opinion questionnaire Data analysis used percentage, mean, and standard deviation values. and dependent t-test.

The research results found that (1) Results of analytical reading ability of Grade 4 students after learning using the KWL Plus technique combined with coaching. Higher than before the learning management program was statistically significant at the .05 level. (2) Development of reading habits of 4th grade students who organized learning using the KWL Plus technique together with coaching. It was found that 4th grade students developed an increased reading habit. (3)Opinions of Grade 4 students regarding learning management using the KWL Plus technique combined with coaching were found to be at the highest level of agreement overall.

Keywords : Analytical Reading;Reading Habits; KWL Plus Techniques; Coaching

Development of Learning Activity Sets Art (Music) Learning Group Using the Collaborative Learning Method Using the STAD Technique Along with the Theory of Carl Orff (Carl Orff) to Develop the Practice Skills of Thai Music “Angklung” of Primary School Stud

Kanok Sawasdee — 2024-12-04

Abstract

This study have a purpose 1).To create and find efficiency in learning activity sets. Art (Music) learning group using the collaborative learning method using the STAD technique along with the theory of Carl Orff (Carl Orff) to develop the practice skills of Thai music “Angklung” of primary school students. 3rd place: Senabodee School By finding efficiency

according to the criterion 80/80 2).To compare the academic achievement of students before and after learning with the learning activity set. Art (Music) learning group using the collaborative learning method using the STAD technique along with the theory of Carl Orff (Carl Orff) to develop the practice skills of Thai music “Angklung” of primary school students. 3rd place: Senabodee School From the student's academic performance Before and after learning with learning activity sets and 3).To find the index of effectiveness of learning management using Study the development of learning activity sets Art (Music) learning group using the collaborative learning method using the STAD technique along with the theory of Carl Orff (Carl Orff) to develop skills in practicing the Thai music “Angklung” of primary school students. 3rd place: Senabodee School The sample group used in the study was Grade 3 students at Senabodee School, Sena District, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province. Under Mueang Sena Municipality, semester 1, academic year 2023, which was obtained by using the method of selecting a specific sample (Purposive Sampling) from 3 classrooms, selecting only 1 classroom, which is Classroom 3/1, with 28 students. The tools used Data collection consisted of 5 learning activity sets, 5 learning management plans, and 30 question academic achievement tests. Statistics used in data analysis included percentage, mean (), standard deviation ( S.D.) efficiency value Differences were analyzed using t-test (Dependent Samples) and effectiveness index values. Collect data, process and summarize results, discuss using tables and descriptions.

The results of the study found that (1). Results of the development of learning activity sets Art (Music) learning group using the collaborative learning method using the STAD technique along with the theory of Carl Orff (Carl Orff) to develop the practice skills of Thai music “Angklung” of primary school students. 3rd place: Senabodee School It has an efficiency value of E1/E2 equal to 90.41 / 93.00, which is higher than the specified criteria. (2). Comparative results of learning achievement Before and after learning With a set of learning activities Art (Music) learning group using the collaborative learning method using the STAD technique along with the theory of Carl Orff (Carl Orff) to develop the practice skills of Thai music “Angklung” of primary school students. 3, Senabodee School, found that after using the learning activity set The average score was 57.74 percent higher than before using the learning activity set, with statistical significance at the .01 level. (3). Effectiveness index value of the learning activity set Art (Music) learning group using the collaborative

learning method using the STAD technique combined with Carl Orff's theory to develop skills in practicing Thai music "Angklung" of primary school students. 3rd place: Senabodee School There is an index value for the effectiveness of the learning activity set. The art (music) learning subject group has a value of 0.81, accounting for 81.00 percent.

Keywords: Activity Package Development; Thai Music Skills; Angklung

Organizational Sustainable Development, Happiness at Work and Organizational Commitment of Employees in a Private Transnational Company

Thanaporn Prabchom — 2024-12-04

The four objectives of this research were: (1) to study organizational sustainable development, happiness at work and organizational commitment of employees, (2) to compare the organizational commitment of employees by personal factors, (3) to study the relationship between organizational sustainable development and organizational commitment, and (4) to study the relationship between happiness at work and organizational commitment. The sample in this research consisted of 318 employees in a private transnational company. A questionnaire was utilized to collect data. The statistical analysis consisted percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

The research results revealed that: (1) the organizational sustainable development, happiness at work and organizational commitment of employees were overall at a high level, (2) employees with different personal factors including age, marital status, educational level, and years of working experience had statistically significant difference in organizational commitment at the .01 level, (3) organizational sustainable development had positive correlation with organizational commitment at statistical significance .01 level, and (4) happiness at work had positive correlation with organizational commitment at statistical significance .01 level.

Cybersecurity awareness among the National Intelligence Agency’s government officials: perception and internal organizational environment

Aroot Boonyawarit — 2024-12-04

This study has 3 objectives: (1) to describe the level of cybersecurity awareness among the National Intelligence Agency’s (NIA) government officials (2) to compare factors affecting the cybersecurity awareness, classified by demographical and perception factor and (3) to investigate the relationships between internal organizational environment and cybersecurity awareness. The data was collected from ๒๖๐ samples of NIA’s government officials. The statistics were presented in percentage, mean, and standard deviation, One - Way ANOVA and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient.

The results showed that (1) the overall level of cybersecurity awareness among the NIA’s government officials was at the highest level. (2) The demographical factors, namely education, career fields and cybersecurity training experience as well as perception factors were found statistically significant difference at .05 level of significance. And (3) there was a positive relationship between internal organizational environment factors and cybersecurity awareness (r = .717, p < .01).

A Study of Teachings on Dhammakaya in Line with Wat Phra Dhammakaya

Phramaha Pongsiri Sirivijayo — 2024-12-04

The purpose of this article was 1) to study the historical background of the concept of Dhammakaya in Buddhism, 2) to study the teachings of Dhammakaya according to the Dhammakaya Temple's perspective, and 3) to analyze and comparation of the Dhamma-kaya teachings from the Dhammakaya Temple with the concept of Dhammakaya in other scriptures. This research is a documentary study, and the data was analyzed using content analysis methods.

The findings indicate that the concept of Dhammakaya is present in both the Tipitaka and other secondary scriptures. Dhammakaya is used as a name for the Buddha, representing the essence of Dharma or the qualities of enlightenment. In Mahayana Buddhism, Dhammakaya is one of the three bodies (Trikaya) used to explain the different states of the Buddha. In contrast, the Dhammakaya Temple regards Dhammakaya as the most refined body of a human being, composed of the highest purity. The meditation practice at the Dhammakaya Temple is distinctive, involving the visualization of a bright crystal ball at the center of the body. In later teachings, practitioners are also instructed to keep the mind empty to achieve deep meditation. The comparison of the Dhammakaya teachings with other scriptural interpretations reveals that the term "Dhammakaya" appears four times in the Tipitaka. Generally, Theravada scholars agree that the Buddha has two bodies: the physical body (Rupakaya) and the Dhammakaya. In Mahayana Buddhism, Dhammakaya is a specific name used for the Buddha, associated with concepts like Tathagata and Nibbana.

Transsexuals and The Ordination in The Theravada Buddhist

Thanapon Chimpalee — 2024-12-04

This article has the following objectives: (1) to study the types of gender from the perspective of Theravada Buddhism, (2) to study the goals of ordination from the perspective of Theravada Buddhism, (3) to study the conditions of ordination for both monks and nuns from the perspective of Theravada Buddhism, and (4) to analyze the feasibility of ordination for transgender individuals from the perspective of Theravada Buddhism. The research is conducted in four steps: (1) the researcher will gather information to understand the issue of gender types from the perspective of Theravada Buddhism, (2) the researcher will gather information to understand the goals of ordination from the perspective of Theravada Buddhism, (3) the researcher will conduct in-depth research to understand the conditions of ordination for both monks and nuns as stated in Theravada Buddhist scriptures, to show how these issues are explained, and (4) the final step is to analyze all the gathered information to determine whether transgender individuals can be ordained from the perspective of Theravada Buddhism and how this is explained.

The research findings reveal tha it is found that the Abhidhamma Pitaka indicates that material qualities of sex i.e. femininity and masculinity, which are derivative materiality, are unchangeable so the process of sex change in transsexuals only changes the external body and the intrinsic gender characteristic cannot be changed. Thus, according to Buddhist scriptures, transsexuals cannot be ordained. Moreover, my view is that the ban of ordination for individuals with diverse sexual orientations stems from issues of gender inappropriateness and the potential problems of communal living, which could bring dishonor and shame within the Sangha. However, for transsexuals, after undergoing sex reassignment surgery, their physical and mental states are aligned so communal living issues within the Sangha would not arise. Finally, even though transsexuals are illegitimate, those who are considered incapable of achieving enlightenment, I would like to open a pathway for their ordination so that transsexuals can accumulate merit for attainment of the enlightenment in the future. They could also be contributors for propagating the Buddha's teachings and supporting maintenance of Buddhism in the future.

Guidelines for academic administration to promote professional competency of students in educational institutions Under the Suphanburi Provincial Vocational Education Office

Surachet khaoto — 2024-12-04

The objectives of this research are (1) to study the current condition; desirable condition and the essential needs of academic administration guidelines to promote student professional competency in educational institutions. Under the Suphanburi Provincial Vocational Education Office (2) To propose guidelines for academic administration to promote student vocational competency in educational institutions. Under the Suphanburi Provincial Vocational Education Office The research method has 2 steps: Step 1: Study the current condition. desirable condition and the necessary needs of academic administration to promote the professional competency of students in educational institutions. The sample group was school administrators and teachers. Under the Suphanburi Provincial Vocational Education Office, there were 314 people. The research instrument was a questionnaire with a reliability value of the current condition of 0.93 and the desired condition of 0.96. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. and the index of essential needs, and step 2 presents guidelines for academic administration to promote student professional competency in educational institutions. The main informants were 4 educational institution administrators and 1 academician, 1 full-time lecturer in educational administration, and 1 research lecturer, which were obtained through the purposive selection method. The research instrument used was a semi-structured interview. and analyzed the data by means of content analysis.

The results were (1) The current state of academic administration guidelines to promote learner professional competency in educational institutions. Under the Suphanburi Provincial Vocational Education Office Overall, every aspect has an average level at a moderate level. desirable condition Overall, every aspect was at the highest average level. and the first three essential needs include curriculum development In terms of teaching and learning management and measurement and evaluation (2) guidelines for academic administration to promote student professional competency in educational institutions Under the Suphanburi Provincial Vocational Education Office Consists of a total of 40 action items, considering the first 3 essential needs in 3 areas, namely, Side 1: curriculum development, 9 action items, such as administrators creating a manual specifying procedures for developing the curriculum of educational institutions; Side 2: Organize teaching and learning with 8 practical items, such as teachers encouraging students to use the learning process by themselves according to their aptitude in professional competency, and the third area of measurement and evaluation, 6 practical items, such as teachers having appropriate principles for making decisions in selecting Methods for measurement and evaluation to develop students' professional competencies.

Keywords: Promoting; Academic Affairs Management; professional competencies

Guidelines for the Management of Senior Scout Affairs According to the Iddhipàda 4 at Secondary Schools in Saraburi Province

anond metheevarachatra — 2024-12-04

Abstract

The objectives of this study were: (1) to study the state and problem of the management of Senior Scout Affairs according to the Iddhipàda at Secondary Schools in Saraburi Province, and (2) to present the guidelines for the management of Senior Scout Affairs according to the Iddhipàda at Secondary Schools in Saraburi Province. This research applied the Mixed Methods Research consisting of Quantitative Research by collecting data from ๓๐๒ people and the data analysis with frequency, mean and standard deviation, and Qualitative Research by the Semi-structured Interviews from ๙ key informants and the content analysis for the data analysis.

The research results were as follows: (1)The school administrators at Secondary Schools in Saraburi Province had the opinion to the state and problem of the management of Senior Scout Affairs according to the Iddhipàda at Secondary Schools in Saraburi Province at high level. (2) The guidelines for the management of Senior Scout Affairs according to the Iddhipàda at Secondary Schools in Saraburi Province consisted of ๔ aspects: ๑) the general management should use the work satisfaction of the personnel, and have work collaboration and teamwork, ๒) the personal management should provide the work and activity suitable to the capability of the personnel, ๓) providing the scout activities should make the plan, and have the meeting frequently to review the activities according to the scout process, and ๔) the monitoring should provide the supervision for the scout activities, and provide the personnel and equipment for collecting data.

Keywords: Guidelines for the Management of Senior Scout Affairs; the Iddhipàda 4; Secondary Schools.

Guidelines for Library Management in the 21st Century According to Sappaya 7 of Secondary Schools in Saraburi Province

anond metheevarachatra — 2024-12-04

Abstract

The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the status of the library management of the secondary schools, and 2) to study the guidelines for the library management of the secondary schools according to Sappaya 7. This research applied Mixed Methods Research. The sample was 417 school administrators, teacher-librarians, and students from 21 schools in Saraburi Province. The research instruments were the questionnaire and the Semi-structured Interviews. The reliability tests were .97. The statistics used percentage, mean, and standard deviation and collected the transcripts of formal interviews from 13 informants. This research used content analysis to examine the data.

The research results were as follows:

The status of the library management of the secondary schools according to Sappaya consisting of 4 aspects found that overall, it was at a high level (X = 3.96, S.D.= 0.58). When considering each aspect, it was found that the personnel was at the highest level (X = 4.13, S.D.= 0.50). The second was the information resource at a high level (X = 3.93, S.D.= 0.56). The third was the environment at a high level (X = 3.91, S.D.= 0.60). However, the service was at the lowest level. (X = 3.85, S.D.= 0.66).
The guidelines for the library management of the secondary schools according to Sappaya 7 found that the library management for the 21st century consisted of 1) the information resource according to Sappaya was Bhassa-Sappaya: informing the regulations for the library service to the students, 2) the service according to Sappaya was Bhojana-Sappaya: the library had the food as the knowledge, and searching for the information by the online databases, 3) the environment according to Sappaya was Avasa-Sappaya: the library was the suitable place, comfortable, calm, and safety, Gocara-Sappaya: the library was the resource of knowledge, Utu-Sappaya: the library had the suitable environment and temperature, and Iriyapatha-Sappaya: the people in the library were careful in manner, and 4) the personnel according to Sappaya was Puggala-Sappaya: the library had the teacher-librarians that served friendly and finished in Library Science.

Keywods: The guidelines for the library management; Sappaya 7; the secondary schools

Administrative factors affecting the excellence of academic in small schools, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area Office

Kanthiphat Khieoyan — 2024-12-04

The objectives of the research aimed to study (1) the level of administrative factors, (2) the level of academic excellence, (3) the administration, and (4) the development of predictive equations for administrative factors that influencing academic excellence in small schools of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya. The sample group of this quantitative research consisted of 103 administrators of educational institutions and teachers in small schools of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya using stratified sampling and schools as a random unit. The research instrument was a questionnaire. The data were analyzed by using percentage, average, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and regression coefficient.

The results found that (1) the overall image of the level of administrative factors that influencing academic excellence in small schools of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya was high. Considering each aspect, the researcher found that the highest average was teacher factors, whereas the factors in educational media and technology was the lowest. (2) According to the level of academic excellence, the overall image was high in which the highest average was teacher’s education management, whereas the was contribution schools the lowest. (3) The administrative factors that influencing academic excellence were positively associated that the correlation coefficient was between 0.61 - 0.80 indicating a rather strong association with statistical significance at .01 level. Lastly, (4) the administrative factors that influencing academic excellence in small schools of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya were factors in educational media and technology, budget factors, parental and community factors, and teachers and educational personnel factors with statistical significance at .05 level and the predictive power of 86.5 percent.

The Effects of Learning Management based on Five Practices of Stein et al.’s Model on Mathematical Concepts and Communication Ability of Mathayomsuksa 3 Students

Nathida Sayompark — 2024-12-04

The purposes of this research were; (1) to compare mathematical concepts of Mathayomsuksa III students after using learning management based on five practices of Stein et al.’s model with the criterion 70% and (2) to compare mathematical communication ability of Mathayomsuksa III students after using learning management based on five practices of Stein et al.’s model with the criterion 70%. The sample were 44 students of Mathayomsuksa III students of the second semester in academic year B.E 2566 they were selected by cluster random sampling method. The research instruments used in this research consisted of; (1) five lesson plans on linear inequalities in one variable, (2) Mathematical concepts test, with the reliability of 0.81, (3) Mathematical communication abilities test, with the reliability of 0.71. The statistical for analyzing the collected data were percent, mean, standard deviation and t-test for one sample.

Research results were that; (1) Mathematical concepts of Mathayomsuksa III students after using learning management based on five practices of Stein et al.’s model was higher than the set criterion of 70% at .05 level of statistical significance. (2) Mathematical communication ability of Mathayomsuksa III students after using learning management based on five practices of Stein et al.’s model was higher than the set criterion of 70% at .05 level of statistical significance.

The Effects of Cognitively Guided Instruction with Inductive Learning Management on Mathematical Problem Solving and Reasoning Abilities of Mathayomsuksa 3 Students

Saowalak Chancharoen — 2024-12-04

The purposes of this research were; (1) to compare mathematical problem solving ability of Mathayomsuksa III students after learning with CGI and inductive learning management with the criterion 70% and; (2) to compare mathematical reasoning ability of Mathayomsuksa III students after learning with CGI and inductive learning management with the criterion 70%. The sample were 37 students of Mathayomsuksa III students of the second semester in academic year B.E 2566 they were selected by cluster random sampling method. The research instruments used in this research consisted of; (1) five lesson plans on circle using CGI and inductive learning management, (2) Mathematical problem solving and reasoning abilities test, with the reliability of 0.81. The statistical for analyzing the collected data were mean, standard deviation and t-test for one sample.

The result indicated that (1) Mathematical problem solving ability of Mathayomsuksa III students after learning with CGI and inductive learning management was higher than the set criterion of 70% at .05 level of statistical significance. (2) Mathematical reasoning ability of Mathayomsuksa III students after learning with CGI and inductive learning management was higher than the set criterion of 70% at .05 level of statistical significance.

The The Effects of Project Approach Activity Provision on Social Skills of Young Children

Passorn Sripawatakul — 2024-12-04

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of project approach activities on the social skills of early childhood children before and after project approach activities. The target group used in this study is 20 early childhood children between the ages of 5-6 years who are studying in kindergarten year 3/1, semester 1, academic year 2024, Boon Khum Rat Bamrung School. Khlong Nueng Subdistrict Khlong Luang District Pathum Thani Province Under the Office of the Basic Education Commission Pathumthani Primary Educational Service Area Office 1. The tools used in the study were project approach activity plans that affect early childhood. children's social skills. Through the organization of 16 project approach activities, social skills observation form for early childhood children. Data were analyzed using average values. standard deviation and content analysis The results of the study found that Early childhood children who receive project approach activities that affect early childhood social skills Overall scores were higher than before the experiment, with a mean equal to 15.05 and a deviation equal to 1.76, and scores in each aspect were at the good level, arranged from the areas with high scores after the experiment: (1) Aspect of helping others Child helps friend collect toys When finished playing and know how to share materials and equipment in activities with friends; (2) responsibility in duties Children put things in their correct place. and intend to complete the assigned work. (3) Working with others Children can play with toys together with others. and accept and listen to the opinions of others.

Digital Literacy of School Administrators Affects Academic Administration under Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area Office

Pathida Manjit — 2024-12-04

The objectives of this research were to (1) study the level of digital literacy of school administrators under the Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area Office. (2) to study the academic administration level of school administrators under the Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area Office; (3) to study the relationship between digital literacy of school administrators and academic administration under the Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area Office; and (4) to study digital literacy that affects the academic administration of school administrators under the Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area Office. The research sample consisted of school administrators, and civil servant teachers total 295 persons of school in Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area Office 13 schools. The research instrument was a questionnaire of digital literacy of school administrators with a reliability of 0.98 and a questionnaire of academic administration of school administrators with a reliability of 0.99. Statistics data were examined using mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and normal multiple regression (multiple regression analysis) by the Enter method.

The research results found that (1) the digital literacy of school administrators under the Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area Office overall was at an elevated level, The aspect with the highest average was understanding, followed by creating, and the lowest side average was using digital. (2) academic administration of school administrators under the Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area Office overall, the average level was at a prominent level. The aspect with the highest average was teaching management, followed by evaluation. The aspect with the lowest average was instructional supervision. (3) Overall digital literacy among school administrators was positively related to academic administration. The average level was high, statistically significant at.01. (4) digital literacy of school administrators that affects academic administration under the Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Secondary Educational Service Area Office overall. The average level was high. Statistically significant at the.05. Consistencies of creating, understanding, accessing, and using include predicting academic administration at 81.50%.

Guidelines for Moral Development of Conscripts

Vatchana Howchareon — 2024-12-04

The study included the following objectives: (1) to examine the training program for conscripts of the Royal Thai Army; (2) to explore the moral principles suitable for conscripts; and (3) to propose guidelines for moral development of conscripts. The study used a qualitative research method based on document research and in-depth interviews with 8 key informants. Also, content analysis was conducted, and findings were presented as a narrative synthesis.

From the study, (1) It is found that the training program for conscripts of the Royal Thai Army consists of the theory of military customs, which includes training and general military subjects, and the vocational training program, which includes both general occupational group and occupational group trainings. The training formats are combined, separate, and mixed. The training methods are divided into demonstration, opening session before the start of the activities, and closing session. The evaluation of the training is divided into the definition of evaluation criteria and grading according to the training program. (2) The moral principles suitable for conscripts is Tisikkhã or the threefold training, which consists of the following: 1) Sĩka-sikkhã, refers to physical strength, discipline, simplicity, and contentment; 2) Chitta-sikkhã, refers to mental development, tolerance, patience, bravery, stable and steadfast mind, sacrifice for the country, self-devotion, loving-kindness, honesty and sincerity; and 3) Paññã-sikkhã, refers to knowledge in military strategies and skills in handling weapons, as well as wise strategies and useful behavior. (3) The guidelines to promote the morals of conscripts are divided into two categories: 1) External factors, where teachers should use Anusãsanipãtฺihãriya (the miracle of teaching) as a driving force in teaching and practicing; and 2) Internal factors, where conscripts recognize the values and meaning of being a soldier to protect the country and consider it an important task, with continuous activities and a supportive budget.

Management Model of Sukhtistan Wat Cholprathanrangsarit

Phramaha Anuphan Thanissaro — 2024-12-04

This study was survey, analysis, interview research to present the management models of funeral that varied in each area according to culture, belief and religion. The researcher found that the management models of funeral at temples in Bangkok Metropolis were similar. Preliminarily, it was found that WatCholprathan rangsarit management model of funeral was different from the management models of funeral at temples in Bangkok Metropolis in some steps. This research included two objectives, namely (1) to study the management models of Sukhtistan of temples in Bangkok Metropolis (2) to determine the management model of Sukhtistan of Wat Cholprathanrangsarit. The research process consisted of 2 phases, i.e. phase 1 in-depth interviews with 8 monks and experts responsible for Sukhtistan management, phase 2 focus group discussions with 4 monks or staff members and in-depth interviews with 10 hosts who came to receive funeral services.

According to research findings, the management models of Sukhtistan of temples in Bangkok Metropolis included 6 main ritual steps, namely a corpse-receiving ceremony, corpse-watering ceremony, funeral prayer ceremony, morning merit- making – merit-making at lunch ceremony, cremation ceremony and bone ashes-collecting ceremony. When someone died, the deceased’s relatives presented the death certificate and reserved a temple hall with the crematorium so as to request arrangement for a vehicle to pick up the body or the host brought the body personally to perform a corpse- watering ceremony to apologize to the deceased for the last time, then wait for a prayer, merit-making ceremony to dedicate merit to the deceased. At the end of merit-making practice, there would be merit-making, food offerings, laying down a funeral robe and pouring ceremonial water as dedication of merit to the departed, receiving blessings. On the cremation day, the coffin would be carried around the crematorium 3 times to wait for lighting the funeral pyre for cremation. The next day was a bone ashes-collecting ceremony. The monks were invited for a prayer ceremony and merit-making items were offered. Staff member collected bone ashes, put them in a clay container and gave to the host for taking back. It was also found that the management model for Sukhtistan of WatCholprathanrangsarit emphasized simplicity, frugality, usefulness and wisdom. It was not permissible to bring wreaths for mourning, set food in front of the coffin. No feeding of any kind was allowed. The corpse was not carried around the crematorium. There was only one funeral prayer. Dhamma sermons must be given always before a funeral prayer and before cremation.

Academic Administration Model for Small Schools to Improve the Quality of Educational

Ratchanee Sualuang — 2024-12-04

The purposes of this research were as 3 things are: (1) to study the components of academic administration model for small schools to improve the quality of Educational (2) to create an of the academic administration model for small schools to improve the quality of educational and (3) to evaluate and affirm the of academic administration model for small schools to improve the quality of educational. The mixed research methodology was used in the study. The research instruments were semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and confirmation or certification forms through 5-rating scale questionnaires by IOC; 0.6-1.0 discriminatory power equal to 0.331-0.895 with reliability at 0.988, The data were consisting of school directors, and Academic supervisor in 374 schools. The analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and confirmatory factor analysis. The results of this research was found that : (1) the components of academic administration model for small schools to improve the quality of educational commission consist of 23 components and 113 variables. (2) the create an of the academic administration model for small schools to improve the quality, general education department from confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated that the highest value was on 1) Promoting learning 2) Planning strategies to raise student quality 3) Operations 4) Student quality control 5) Participation in academics and 6) Academic management processes. has a chi-square value = 16.389, DF = 16, P-value = .242, GFI = .974, AGFI = .921, and RMSER = .136. This result indicates that the model is consistent with the empirical data. (3) The evaluation and confirmation of the model from consisted of six components which were found appropriate, correct, possible, useful and accordance with conceptual framework and theory.

A STUDY OF FEELING AGGREGATE (VEDANĀ-KHANDA) ACCORDING TO MAHĀSATIPAṬṬHĀNA SUTTA

Phrakhrubaidika Pichitchai Candajoto — 2024-12-04

In this research, three objectives were purposely made: 1) to study feeling (Vedanā) in Buddhist scriptures and the Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta, 2) to study the important principles Dhamma with feeling in Buddhist scriptures, and 3) to analyze aggregate of feeling in the Mahāsatipaṭṭhāna Sutta. This is documentary research methodology done by analyzing the contents and then the description of its contents is made accordingly.

The research findings showed that 1) feeling, when combined with one group, is called feeling aggregate, meaning considering the emotion according to the condition of happiness, called pleasant feeling, which is a physical or mental happiness action; the condition of suffering, called painful feeling, which is a physical or mental suffering action; and the condition of equanimity, called equanimity feeling, which is a condition that is neither happy nor suffering. Feeling is a natural state that arises from contact with the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, and mind, 2) the important principles of Dhamma supporting feeling include principles that help in practicing the development of feeling contemplation, namely, Kāyānupassanā, Cittānupaasanā, Dhammānupassanā, Ātāpā, Sampajāno and Satimā, and the principles that support the development of feeling, namely, mindfulness and awareness, effort, patience, concentration, Yonisomanasikāra, the three characteristics, the great foundations of mindfulness, the seven factors of enlightenment, the ten perceptions, the ten recollections, the four right efforts, the four bases of power, the five faculties, and 3) the feeling aggregate in the great foundations of mindfulness called Vedanānupassanā Satipaṭṭhāna, which is the determination of knowing the feelings that arise, namely, pleasant feeling, unpleasant feelings, equanimity feeling, pleasant feeling with and without belongings, unpleasant feeling with and without belongings, and equanimity feeling with and without belongings, by establishing mindfulness to observe and know the feelings in feelings correctly. It is the consideration of the contacts which are the factors of arising and ceasing of the feeling aggregates, combined with effort, mindfulness and clear comprehension, eliminating lust and sorrow where the practice leads to the cessation of suffering through the Noble Eightfold Path brings about spiritual value, awareness of suffering, and clear knowledge of the Noble Truth, leading to the path and fruition of Nibbāna.

Development guidelines for community participation in preparing plans to develop the education in educational institutions of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Primary Educational Service Area Office 1

Aphinanthakan Yodsack — 2024-12-04

The objectives of this research are (1) to study the level of community participation in the preparation of educational development plans for educational institutions and (2) to present guidelines for developing community participation in the preparation of educational developmentplans.(2) Study the conditions regarding community participation in the preparation of educational development plans for educational institutions. The sample group is There were 93 school directors and 93 school board representatives. The research instrument was a questionnaire. The reliability value was 0.97 Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. (2) Guidelines for community participation in preparing educational development plans for educational institutions. The main informants were 4 educational institution directors, 2 policy and planning group directors, and 1 specifically selected academic, 7 people. The instrument used was Semi-structured interviews and data were analyzed using content analysis techniques.

The results of the research found that (1) The community participated in the preparation of educational development plans for educational institutions at a high level. The side with the highest average is The aspect of joint action, followed by the aspect of joint planning and the aspect with the lowest average is Participating in benefits (2) Guidelines for community participation in preparing educational development plans for educational institutions. Consisting of 5 areas and 26 action items as follows In terms of joint planning, there are 4 items, such as educational institutions communicating and inviting In terms of participation in decision-making, there are 6 items, such as educational institutions should have advisors from community representatives. In terms of joint operations, there are 5 items, such as educational institutions creating mutual understanding between schools and communities. In terms of joint evaluation, there are 5 items, such as educational institutions reporting the results of educational management resulting from the strategic framework. In terms of participation in benefits, there are 6 items such as announcement of honors.

A Study of Devadūtasutta in Buddhist Scriptures

Phra Phakawat Kovito — 2024-12-04

The study consisted of the following objectives: 1) to investigate the background of Devadūtasutta; 2) to explore the Dhamma related to Devadūta; and 3) to analyze Devadūtasutta in Buddhist scriptures. The study used a documentary research technique, examining Buddhist scriptures and related materials.

The study discovered that Devadūta refers to life's phenomena, including birth, old age, sickness, punishment, and death. One that engages in misconduct by body, speech, and mind will be reborn in hell after death. There the guard of hell will show him to King Yama, where he will be asked, “This person, didn’t you ever see among human brings a newborn baby, the elderly, the gravely ill, the criminal, the dead?” If he replies “Yes, I have seen this, and I contempled it upon myself,” he will then be freed from hell. But, if he replies “Yes, I have seen this, but I never contemplates it upon myself,” he will be put in hell.

The Dhamma related to Devadūta is non-negligence through thorough reflection on birth, old age, sickness, punishment, and death. One should then take it upon themselves and do good by body, words, and mind, while also understanding the law of cause (kamma) and effect (vipaka). The Dhamma that is against Devadūta is negligence, resulting in decrease and unpleasantness.

Devadūta has two points of view, which are: (1) seeing Devadūta and realizing the sense of urgency to do good by body, words and mind, while developing oneself according to the four noble truths (ariyasacca), and contemplating on the impermanance, suffering and non-self. Finally, one should also use wisdom to contemplate on oneself and practice meditation in order to be liberated from the wheel of rebirths and lead a happy life; and (2) seeing Devadūta and having craving, greed, hatred, delusion, and suffering. Devadūta is the reason for the creation of the literature on Phra Malai, who bestows mercy to hell creatures.

The Role Of School Administrator in Building Relationship Between School And Community Of The Secondary Educational Service Area Office Bangkok 2

Wiphawan Aiadkhanan — 2024-12-04

This research is a survey research. The objective is to study and compare the roles of executives. Educational institutions in building relationships between schools and communities according to the opinions of the district offices. Secondary education area, Bangkok Area 2, classified by educational level Work experience and co-campus The sample group used in this research is teachers who teach in educational institutions under the district office. Bangkok Secondary Education Area 2, academic year 2023, number of 357 people. Tools used in The research is a questionnaire about the role of school administrators in building relationships between schools and communities. of administrators of educational institutions under the jurisdiction of the Bangkok Secondary Educational Service Area Office 2 has a confidence value of 0.985. Statistics used in the research are percentages, means, and standard deviations. Paired t-test, One-Way Analysis of Variance and comparing the differences of Average scores per pair using Scheft's method. The results of the research found that: 1) The role of school administrators in building relationships between schools and communities. According to the opinions of teachers under the supervision of the Bangkok Secondary Educational Service Area Office 2, overall and each aspect is at a high level. Arrange the average values from highest to lowest, including relationship building. Participation Activities Monitoring and evaluation and public relations 2) results of comparing the roles of school administrators in building relationships between schools and communities according to The opinions of teachers under the supervision of the Bangkok Secondary Educational Service Area Office 2 found that teachers who practice teaching in educational institutions with different levels of education Have opinions on the role of educational institution administrators in Build relationships between the school and the community Under the jurisdiction of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Bangkok District 2 overall and in each aspect are not different and teachers who practice teaching in educational institutions that have efferent work experience Have opinions on the role of school administrators in building relationships between school and community Under the jurisdiction of the Bangkok Secondary Educational Service Area Office, Area 2, overall, they are no different, except for public relations. A statistically significant difference was found at the .05 level. Comparing the means by pair, it was found that there was a difference between pairs: teachers with less than 5 years of work experience had average opinions on the role of school administrators in building relationships between the school and the community Public relations is higher among teachers with 5 - 10 years of work experience and among teachers who practice teaching in Educational institutions that have different campuses Have opinions on the role of school administrators in building relationships Between the school and the community of educational institution administrators under the jurisdiction of the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Bangkok, District 2, overall and each aspect They are significantly different at the .05 level.

Keywords : Role ; School Administrator ; Relationship ; School ; Community

Buddhist Methods for Health Management of Sanghat Mueang District in Trat Proveince

Phramaha Phet Thanissaro — 2024-12-04

Objectives of this research are: (1) To study the general condition of the well-being management of the Muang District Sangha, Trat Province, (2) To study the factors affecting the well-being management of the Muang District, Trat Province, (3) To present the Buddhist method of well-being management of the Muang District, Trat Province.

Methodology was the mixed methods. The quantitative research. The researcher studied a sample of 198 monks who were monks in the administrative area of the monastic order of Muang District, Trat Province. The tools used in the research of the standard questionnaire of 5 levels of estimation are data analysis using statistics, including descriptive statistics, percentages, averages, and standard deviations. Inference statistics Qualitative research includes document analysis and interviews are used as a tool to collect field data from key informants. and analyzed the data by content analysis techniques to accompany the context.

The research findings were as follow;

The level of monks' performance towards the Buddhist method of managing the well-being of the monks in Muang District, Trat Province showed that the level of monks' operation was generally moderate ( =2.82 , S.D. = 0.20). When looking at each aspect, it is found that the 4M administration is at a high level ( =3.36, S.D. =0.23), followed by the Buddhist Dharma Prayer 4 ( =2.82, S.D. =0.20) and the least is the Buddhist method of managing the well-being of the monastic community ( = 2.28, S.D. =0.16), respectively.

Legal Problems Concerning Military Disciplinary Punishment

Rapeepong Krittsuansombat — 2024-12-04

This thesis has four objectives: (1) to study the concepts, theories, and principles related to military disciplinary punishment; (2) to examine legal measures regarding military discipline in foreign countries in comparison with Thailand; (3) to study and analyze legal issues concerning military punishment in Thailand and abroad; and (4) to propose legal approaches for amending military disciplinary punishment. This research investigates the concepts, theories, and principles related to military disciplinary punishment according to the Military Discipline Act B.E. 2476, utilizing documents and relevant laws from both Thailand and foreign countries. It also examines legal measures related to military discipline in foreign nations compared to those in Thailand, analyzes the legal issues pertaining to military disciplinary punishment in Thailand, and provides recommendations for resolving legal problems concerning military disciplinary measures under the Military Discipline Act B.E. 2476.

The study reveals that the law governing military disciplinary punishment is the Military Discipline Act B.E. 2476, which has been in force for a long time without substantial amendments, except for adding some military positions in the Act. This has led to four main problems: (1) the lack of definitions of some specific terms used in the Act and there is no clear boundaries of the law's application; (2) the absence of legal measures defining the rights and duties of individuals involved in the military disciplinary process and absence of legal measures preserving their rights; (3) the inability to bring disciplinary proceedings to military court; and (4) the lack of legal measures to contest or appeal disciplinary orders issued by superiors to military court, making it difficult to review the discretion exercised in disciplinary decisions. These issues affect the fairness in military disciplinary process. Therefore, the author recommends amending the Military Discipline Act B.E. 2476 and the Military Court Act B.E. 2498 by including definitions for specific terms to clarify the scope and application of the law, adding the duties of commanders and the rights of the accused, and establishing timeframes for the disciplinary process. Furthermore, legal measures should be updated to allow disciplinary cases to be determined by military court and to allow individuals to contest or appeal disciplinary orders. It also suggests Thailand to adopt legal concepts and measures from foreign countries, such as, those of the United States and those of the Federal Republic of Germany to solve the problems in the military disciplinary process in Thailand.

Effects of Career Self-Efficacy Program on Career Maturity of Third Year Students at a Private Higher Education Institution

Chidchanok Juntatub — 2024-12-04

The objectives of this research were: (1) to compare the career maturity of the experimental group who participated in the career self-efficacy program in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up period and (2) to compare the career maturity between the experimental group who participated in the career self-efficacy program and control group after the experiment and follow-up period. The samples were 30 the third-year students at a private higher education institution with career maturity scores at the average level and below, divided into experimental group and control group of 15 students each. The instruments used in the study were a career self-efficacy program. and questionnaire of professional maturity Data were analyzed using statistical packages. The statistical methods used for analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation, Independent t-test, One-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA, differences were tested for each pair by Bonferroni's method and Two-Way Repeated Measures ANOVA.

The results as follows: students in the experimental group who participated in the career self-efficacy program had higher career maturity score at the post-experiment period and the follow-up period than before the experiment, statistical significant was at the .01 level and students in the experimental group who participated in the career self-efficacy program had significantly higher career maturity scores at the post-experiment period and the follow-up period than the control group students at the .01 level.

The creative art activities by using natural materials with cooperative learning to improve self - confidence of early childhood children

Rujira Pim-in — 2024-12-04

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to study the self-confidence development of young children while attending the creative art activities by using natural materials with cooperative learning. The participants in this study were a total of 18 male and female young children age between 5 - 6 years old studying at the Kindergarten 3-level, La-orutis Demonstration School, Bangkok. The research instruments were 24 lesson plans of the creative art activities by using natural materials with cooperative learning, the evaluation form of the creative art activities by using natural materials with cooperative learning, and the self-confidence observation form of young children. The Data was analyzed by using mean and standard deviation, and quality data by content analysis.

The results of the research showed that young children who attended the creative art activities by using natural materials with cooperative learning. Early childhood children have developed self-confidence better. Young children showed the behavior of self-confidence better in overall and in each aspect. The ability that had the most change was the ability of self-esteem and self-confidence respectively and the ability that has the least change was the ability of cooperation. This showed that the creative art activities by using natural materials with cooperative learning were able to improve young children's self-confidence.

Problems with administrative work of administrative staff in educational institutions Under the jurisdiction of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Primary Educational Service Area Office 1

philaiphorn kitbumrung — 2024-12-04

Abstract

The purposes of this research are to (1) study problems in the clerical work of administrative staff in educational institutions (2) study the guidelines for performing clerical work of administrative staff in educational institutions. There are two operational steps: Step 1: Study problems in the work of administrative staff in educational institutions. Step 2: Propose guidelines for the clerical work of administrative staff in educational institutions. The sample group consisted of 123 administrative staff. Research instruments It is a questionnaire with a reliability value of 0.94. Statistics used in data analysis include percentage, mean, and standard deviation. Step 2: Propose guidelines for the administrative work of administrative staff in educational institutions. The main information providers include: Five educational institution directors were selected through purposive selection. The tool used was a semi-structured interview. Data were analyzed using content analysis methods.

The results of the research found that: 1) Problems with administrative work in educational institutions as a whole were at a high level. When considering each aspect, it was found that the logistics aspect had the highest average, followed by the information aspect. and other areas of work assigned by supervisors have low averages. 2) Solutions to solve administrative problems in educational institutions, consisting of 5 areas and 18 approaches as follows: 1) In the area of administrative work, there are 5 approaches, such as setting up a schedule for receiving and sending books so that officials The administration can deliver the books on time. 2) In terms of supplies, there are 4 approaches, such as educational institutions preparing/providing Manual for preparing supplies documents in accordance with the Government Procurement and Supplies Management Act B.E. 25640 3) In the area of information work, there are 3 approaches, for example, educational institutions must promote administrative staff. By providing training in preparing information both online and and offline To provide administrative staff with knowledge and understanding in preparing information in educational institutions. 4) In terms of coordination work, there are 3 approaches, such as educational institutions should promote administrative staff. By providing training Personality matters and continuous service both within and within the educational institution. 5) For other work assigned by supervisors, there are 3 approaches, such as the administrative officer summarizing meeting messages at the last meeting. and prepare the meeting agenda

Keywords: administrative work; Administrative officer ; Ayutthaya Primary Education -Service Area Office 2

The System Leadership Of School AdminIstrators Under The Primary Educational Service Area Office Pathumthani 1

kanchana prayongyam — 2024-12-04

The objectives of this research article are : (1) to study the systematic leadership of educational institution administrators; and compare the systematic leadership of school administrators Under the jurisdiction of the Pathumthani Primary Educational Service Area Office, Area 1 (2) to compare the systematic leadership of school administrators. Under the jurisdiction of the Pathumthani Primary Educational Service Area Office, Area 1, classified by educational level. Work experience and size of educational institution The sample group used in this research included teachers performing teaching duties in educational institutions. Under the jurisdiction of the Pathumthani Primary Educational Service Area Office, Area 1, in the academic year 2023, there were 322 people. The research instrument was a questionnaire regarding the systematic leadership of educational institution administrators. Under the jurisdiction of the Pathumthani Primary Educational Service Area Office, Area 1, statistics used in the research are percentages, averages, and standard deviations. T-test, one-way analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA), and comparison of differences in mean scores by pair using Scheffé's Method.

The results of the research found that (1) teachers' opinions on the systematic leadership of school administrators Under the jurisdiction of the Pathumthani Primary Educational Service Area Office, Area 1, overall and each aspect is at a high level. 2) Comparison of teachers' opinions on the systematic leadership of school administrators. Under the jurisdiction of the Pathum Thani Primary Educational Service Area Office 1, it was found that teachers with an education level Work experience and different sizes of educational institutions Have opinions on the systematic leadership of educational institution administrators Under the jurisdiction of the Pathumthani Primary Educational Service Area Office, Area 1, overall and in each aspect, it was found that they were significantly different at the .05 level.

Relationship Between Instructional Leadership of School Administrators under the Office of the Private Education Commission, Bangkapi District and 21st Century Skills of Learners

mahama doni — 2024-12-04

This research is a quantitative and qualitative research. The objectives of this research were to (1) study instructional leadership of school administrators under the Office of the Private Education Commission, Bangkapi district and (2) study 21^st century skills of learners of schools under the Office of the Private Education Commission, Bangkapi district (3) study relationship between instructional leadership of school administrators under the Office of the Private Education Commission, Bangkapi district and 21^st century skills of learners. The sample consisted of 155 teachers of schools under the Office of the Private Education Commission, Bangkapi district and interview 5 school administrators. The tool used in this research was the questionnaire and interview form. Statistical analysis methods used to analyze the data were frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and content analysis.

The results have shown as followed, (1) instructional leadership of school administrators under the Office of the Private Education Commission, Bangkapi district as whole was at a high level. (2) 21^stcentury skills of learners of schools under the Office of the Private Education Commission, Bangkapi district as whole was at a high level. (3) There was a positive, moderate level relationship between instructional leadership of school administrators under the Office of the Private Education Commission, Bangkapi district and 21^st century skills of learners.

ส่วนหน้า

Phramaha Songchai Vijayabheri — 2024-12-04

The Development of Educational Quality of Life for Underprivileged Children

Phra Anousone Phanpaseuth — 2024-12-04

This article focuses on analyzing approaches to the development of the educational quality of life for underprivileged children. Emphasizing the importance of providing appropriate and equal education. Support from communities and organizations Education is considered an important factor in improving the quality of life in promoting children to develop to their full potential. Promotion to grow into a good, quality person and benefit society as a whole. Education plays an important role in the development of academic and social skills. which is the basis for building a future. However, for underprivileged children Access to education remains a problem.
Especially in rural areas and communities lacking resources. Improving the quality of life therefore requires cooperation from many sectors. From families, communities, schools, and governments, there must be consistent planning and action in all areas. There are various and comprehensive development approaches that will help underprivileged children receive a good education and have more opportunities for their own development.

Interpreting the Upālivāda Sutta by using Hans-Georg Gadamer's Hermeneutics

Phramaha Warantorn Yanakitti — 2024-12-04

This article aims to interpret the Upālivāda Sutta using Hans-Georg Gadamer's Hermeneutics. The content is divided into three parts: (1) Part 1 discusses the origin and development of Hermeneutics. (2) Part 2 discusses Hans-Georg Gadamer's Hermeneutics. (3) Part 3 interprets the teachings on kamma of the Buddha and Niganthanataputta in the Upālivāda Sutta through the lens of Hans-Georg Gadamer's Hermeneutics. The interpretation results show that the belief held by Niganthanataputta that kāyadaṇḍa is most effective action is a prejudice. Similarly, the belief held by the Buddha that manokamma is the most effective action is also a prejudice. This prejudice leads to a difference in horizon or understanding on kamma between Niganthanataputta and the Buddha.

The study of beliefs associated with the Loy Krathong tradition according to Buddhism

Phramaha Phuwanat Arunamaite — 2024-12-04

Loy Krathong is a festival celebrated by Southeast Asian Tai ethnic groups, including Thailand. It takes place on the full moon night of the 12th lunar month according to the Thai lunar calendar. This tradition is observed to pay homage to the Buddha, the Buddha’s footprint, Phra Upakut, to ward off misfortune, and to seek forgiveness from the Goddess of Water (Phra Mae Khongkha). The Loy Krathong tradition can thus be considered a cultural practice that has been influenced and passed down through generations, adapted to align with the beliefs, culture, and way of life of the people in each specific area. It has three objectives: (1) to study the history of the Loy Krathong tradition; (2) To study the relationship between the Loi Krathong tradition and Buddhist teachings, which is a documentary study research and find information to compile and present. The study found that. The act of floating Krathong, which is deeply connected to Buddhist beliefs, is rooted in several legends, including the story of the white crow, dating back to a time before the first Buddha’s appearance. This includes the practice of worshipping the Cula Mani stupa, where enshrine the Buddha’s hair relic, and venerating the Buddha’s footprint in the underworld, the realm of the Naga (serpent beings). Worshipping Phra Upakut, who resides in anticipation of the next Buddha's emergence, is another belief deeply connected to Buddhism. All these practices are intertwined with Buddhist teachings. The significance of the Loy Krathong tradition in Buddhism can be summarized in three aspects: (1) Reflecting on the benefits of the water one has used (2) Repaying this kindness through worship and (3) Apologizing for any offenses committed, as part of expressing gratitude and respect. Point out that it is important to express gratitude and gratitude. This is a morality that is embedded in good culture and traditions in addition to worshiping the Buddha.

End

Phramaha Songchai Vi — 2024-12-04

ส่วนท้าย/ภาคผนวก วารสารมหาจุฬาวิชาการ ปีที่ ๑๑ ฉบับที่ ๓