NKRAFA Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Editorial Note

Aimmarat Yingpisutt — 2024-12-27

บทบรรณาธิการ

วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์ นายเรืออากาศ ฉบับที่ 12 ปี 2567 ฉบับนี้ เผยแพร่บทความทางวิชาการรวมจำนวนทั้งสิ้น 10 บทความ โดยมีบทความทั้งภาษาไทยและภาษาอังกฤษ ซึ่งมีประเด็นที่หลากหลายและน่าสนใจ บทความดังกล่าวได้ผ่านกระบวนการพิจารณาจากผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิในสาขาวิชาที่เกี่ยวข้องอย่างรอบด้านและครอบคลุมเพื่อให้ได้บทความที่มีคุณภาพและมีประโยชน์ต่อการศึกษาวิจัยทางด้านมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์

กองบรรณาธิการขอขอบคุณผู้ที่ให้ความสนใจส่งบทความเพื่อเข้ารับการพิจารณาตีพิมพ์ทุกท่าน รวมทั้งขอขอบคุณผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิจากหลากหลายสถาบันที่ให้ความกรุณาในการประเมินบทความ เพื่อความสมบูรณ์ของบทความมากยิ่งขึ้น โดยวารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์ นายเรืออากาศ ยังคงมุ่งมั่นในการพัฒนาคุณภาพของวารสาร ให้ดียิ่งขึ้นโดยไม่มีค่าธรรมเนียมในการส่งบทความเช่นเดิม ทั้งนี้ เพื่อพัฒนางานทางวิชาการซึ่งเป็นรากฐานของสหวิชาอย่างยั่งยืน และเปิดโอกาสให้คณาจารย์ นิสิต และนักศึกษา รวมถึงผู้สนใจได้เสริมสร้างศักยภาพด้านการวิจัยต่อไป

นาวาอากาศเอกหญิง
(ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์ เอมรัตน์ ยิ่งพิสุทธิ์)
บรรณาธิการ

Factors Affecting the Intentions of Royal Thai Air Force Officers of the Directorate of Personnel in the Execution of the PDPA Security Policy in Accordance with the Personal Data Protection Act of 2019

Jul Thanasrivanitchai — 2024-12-27

The aim of this research is to study factors affecting the operation intentions of Royal Thai Air Force officers of the Directorate of Personnel in accordance with the security policies of the Personal Data Protection Act of 2019. The participants of the study included four hundred (400) air force officers. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics in the form of multiple regression analysis. The study revealed that all three aspects of attitude components and all four aspects of media exposure, including knowledge, emotions, behavior, selective exposure, selective attention, selective perception, and selective retention show an 85.4% variation in the intentions of the participants when operating in accordance with the security policies of the Personal Data Protection Act of 2019. Media exposure followed which included selective retention, selective exposure, selective perception and interpretation, respectively.

A Study and Comparison of the Growth Mindset Levels in Cadets

Nuttaporn Kaitbanditkul — 2024-12-27

The objectives of this study were 1) to study the teaching methods of instructors used in teaching cadets, and 2) to compare the level of the growth mindset among cadets when classified according to the teaching methods used by their instructors. The study utilized quantitative research methodology, with questionnaires serving as the primary data collection tool. Statistical analysis was performed using frequency values, percentages, and one-way ANOVA.

The research findings indicated the following:

1. Most of the sample group reported that the predominant teaching method used by instructors was the lecture format. However, the highest level of interaction occurred between the instructor and the cadets, with 242 cadets (62.40 percent) indicating that there was frequent mutual exchange of opinions. The second most common method involved cadets being assigned to present content as directed by the instructor, with 45 cadets (11.80 percent)

2. The comparison showed that the teaching method employed by the instructor, the results showed significant differences. Specifically, it was found that the growth mindset level of cadets who were taught using a lecture-based method as the primary teaching strategy differed from those who were taught with methods involving more mutual interaction between the lecturer and the cadets. This difference was statistically significant at the .01 level. Furthermore, when cadets were classified according to the teaching method, where the instructor was the primary lecturer, a notable difference was observed compared to methods where cadets were actively involved in creating content. This difference was statistically significant at the .05 level. Additionally, when cadets were assigned to present content as directed by the instructor, the growth mindset level also showed a significant difference at the .05 level.

A Comparative Study of the Performance Between Large and Small Local Administrative Organizations in Delivering Justice to the Community

Sunhakrisana Boonchuay — 2024-12-27

A comparative study of the performance between large and small local administrative organizations in providing justice to communities is part of the research on The Social Capital of Local Administrative Organizations in Providing Justice to Communities Through Community Justice Centers. Qualitative research was utilized as research design conducted through three case studies: Raikhing Town Municipality, Salaya Subdistrict Administrative Organization, and Laem Yai Subdistrict Administrative Organization. The research focused on descriptive analysis and then employed field research using in-depth interviews.

The research findings revealed differences in the operating performance of community justice centers based on organizational contexts. When the performance effectiveness of internal organizational structures, personnel, budget, past performance, as well as problems and obstacles was evaluated, large local administrative organizations were more equipped with various resources and readiness
to transfer tasks from central to local levels compared to small local administrative organizations.
The problems and obstacles faced by large and small local administrative organizations were fairly similar, such as intense budget scrutiny from the Independent Organs under the Constitution leading to a lack of self-autonomy in managing their work, which did not align with the principle of decentralization as it should.

Transformational Leadership of School Administrators Affecting Learning Organization of Schools under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Nakhon Pathom

Tanyalak Suksomboon — 2024-12-27

The research aims to study the level of transformational leadership of school administrators, study the level of learning organization of schools, and analyze the transformational leadership
of school administrators that affect learning organization of schools. The sample was 293 teachers from schools under the Secondary Educational Service Area Office Nakhon Pathom chosen
through proportional stratified random sampling distributed by district. The research instrument was a questionnaire. Data was analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and stepwise multiple regression.

The following were the findings of the research. First, the transformational leadership of school administrators was at a high level in both overall and specific aspects. The aspects were progressive vision, role modeling, intellectual stimulation, and inspirational motivation, respectively. Second, the learning organization in schools was also at a high level for both overall and specific aspects. The aspects were learning subsystem, people subsystem, technology subsystem, knowledge subsystem, and organization subsystem, respectively. Third, the transformational leadership of school administrators in the aspects of intellectual stimulation (X₃), role modeling (X₄) and inspirational motivation (X₂) together predicted
the learning organization of schools ( _tot) at 62.70 percent with a statistical significance level of .01. The regression equation was _tot = 1.71 + 0.21 (X₃) + 0.26 (X₄) + 0.16 (X₂).

The Interpretative Meaning of Personality Development for Conscientiousness in the Process of Fostering Volunteerism among Undergraduate Students in State Higher Education Using Problem Based Learning (PBL) and Community Based Learning (CBL)

Parinut Chaiyanich — 2024-12-27

This paper was analysed 1) to interpret the meaning of the student's personality development for conscientiousness and 2) to examine the process of fostering volunteerism in students who are exposed to problem-based and community-based learning. The sample group are students from Rajamangala University of Technology Suvarnabhumi (RUS) who are enrolled in General Education and problem-based learning in the community. From 2018 to 2023; 947 students were utilized for purposive sampling. Qualitative data was gathered through document analysis, in-depth interviews, focus group, and participant observation.

The research findings revealed that (1) students discovered, after interpreting the meaning from their experiences of engaging in real work, that many of the said experiences had been unexpected. This led them to take their responsibilities more seriously. As these were duties, they were not compelled to perform them by anyone else. They were learning while actively helping others in the community. Even though some students may have had negative thoughts about themselves, when working in teams with their peers, they were able to embrace change and new things with trust in others. (2) Students participated by working with large groups implementing a 10-step process, starting from analyzing the interpretation of the development of students' personality with awareness, and concluding with the lesson learned. This hands-on experience, which involved fulfilling the satisfaction of others in the community through volunteerism without expecting anything in return was reflected by the students when they began to engage in their own activities.

The Security Administration in School Safety Management: Prachuap Khiri Khan Secondary Educational Service Area Office

Chatchawan Poonsawat — 2024-12-27

The purposes of this research were to 1) study the security in schools under the Prachuap Khiri Khan secondary educational service area office, 2) study the security administration in schools, and 3) propose guidelines from lessons learned about the security administration in schools. The sample for this study included 282 administrators and teachers who were chosen by stratified random sampling method based on school size in the Prachuap Khiri Khan secondary educational service area office. Moreover, there were 6 interviewees who were administrators and safety responsibility teachers from 2 schools selected through purposive sampling method. The research instruments were the 5-level scale questionnaire, an ascending order form and an interview form. The statistical data analysis included were frequency, arithmetic mean, percentage, standard deviation (S.D.) and content analysis.

The research findings were as follows:

The overall security in schools, as well as individual metrics registered low-level security issues. Such low-level security issues were violation of rights, human violence, risk of accidents, and effects on physical and mental health. Furthermore, medium-level security issues were also noted including game addiction, drug use, gambling, accidents, fights, and bullying.
The security administration in schools registered a high rating. In terms of specific aspects, protection, indoctrination, and repression were ranked from highest to lowest.
The guidelines of the security administration in both schools were developed from Deming's theory and principle. The guidelines were created beginning with the planning of the security detail, following the plan systematically, checking and evaluating periodically, and operation completion. However, the schools must proceed according to the safety administration framework of the Ministry of Education.

The Relationship Between Organizational Climate and Learning Organization of International Schools in Nonthaburi Province

rungradit kongyoungyune — 2024-12-27

This research aimed to study 1) the organizational climate factors of international schools in Nonthaburi Province, 2) the learning organization factors of international schools in Nonthaburi Province, and 3) the relationship between the organizational climate factors and the learning organization factors of international schools in Nonthaburi Province. The population used in this study was 452 personnel in international schools in Nonthaburi Province. The sample size was calculated using Yamane Taro's formula with a margin of error of 5 percent, resulting in a sample of 212 persons. Non-probability sampling was used, using convenience sampling. The questionnaires were collected from a sample of 219 people. Data were analyzed by finding the mean and standard deviation and test the Pearson correlation coefficient at the 0.05 significance level.

The results of the research found that 1) The overall atmosphere of the international school organization in Nonthaburi Province had a high mean (= 4.85, SD. = 0.95) . 2) The overall learning organization of international schools in Nonthaburi Province had a high mean (= 4.81, SD. = 0.81) 3) The organizational climate and learning organization had a statistically significant positive relationship at 0.05 (r = 0.840).

Pathways to Create Learning Processes for Management Innovation and Application in Modern Public Organizations

Kunthida Malam — 2024-12-27

This article aims 1) to study the concept of modern organization which is a form of public sector organization in the present era that needs to adapt to an environment that is constantly changing, thus creating a new learning process to improve the management system and work processes of the organization; and 2) to study the concept of organizational learning, which will help promote the application of management innovation in the public sector effectively.

Modern public organizations face a constantly changing external environment. Therefore,
it is necessary to adjust the structure of authority and reorganize the work process. The development of the organization's potential to create new learning spaces by using learning techniques and developing forms of management innovation among members of the organization consists of
4 formats: 1) Learning by summarizing ideas and leading to practice; 2) Learning by continuously applying summarized ideas; 3) Learning by reflecting on the results of applied ideas between the innovator and the target market; and 4) Learning by comparing the successes and failures of other organizations. The continuous applications of effective innovation will allow the organization to learn repeatedly, leading it to become a learning source in the future. The case examples of the applications of management innovation in both the Thai and foreign public sectors also reflect the forms of management innovation that modern public sectors use as important tools in delivering services to the public.

Developing a Comprehensive Preparation Module for the Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI)

Wanicha Siraranghom — 2024-12-27

Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) is a standardized assessment tool used to measure
an individual's ability to speak a language. It evaluates oral communication skills in a natural and interactive format. For the air force personnel who wants to achieve some specific scholarship to
the Defense Language Institute English Language Center (DLIELC), needs to pass the OPI test at least level 2. However, the test takers are not familiar with the test format and there is less material for the personnel to prepare themselves for this due to the OPI is limited context. The primary objective of developing the exam-oriented Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) module was to provide a comprehensive resource for test takers seeking to achieve the required scores for their academic or professional needs. The development process involved an in-depth analysis of the test's components to ensure that learners become familiar with and confident in
the test format by the module's completion. The design of the module was informed by
the test’s patterns and structures, incorporating scenarios and contexts that closely mirror
real-world testing situations. Additionally, vocabulary and speaking strategies were included to help learners meet the test's specific requirements. However, the limited use of the OPI test in Thailand posed challenges, including a lack of reference materials and field specialists. Despite these constraints, input from experienced consultants was instrumental in enhancing the module's effectiveness.

Reflexive Thematic Analysis in Military Research: Insights from a Thai Military Academy

Kanyaporn Sommeechai — 2024-12-27

This article examined the application of Reflexive Thematic Analysis (RTA) within the context of a military academy, focusing specifically on the Navaminda Kasatriyadhiraj Royal Air Force Academy (NKRAFA) in Thailand. Military academies offer a distinctive research environment characterized by rigid hierarchies, cultural traditions, and power dynamics that influence both participant responses and the research process. The researcher’s positionality, including prior affiliations and perceived authority, significantly influences participant responses, necessitating a reflexive approach to data interpretation. Semi-structured interviews were employed in this study to demonstrate Braun and Clarke’s six-phase RTA in the analysis of the motivational dynamics of Thai air cadets learning English as a second language (L2). Themes related to motivational challenges, adaptability, and institutional influences on language learning were revealed through the analysis, all of which were shaped by individual dispositions and hierarchical pressures. The flexibility of RTA and its emphasis on researcher reflexivity are essential for navigating the ethical and practical complexities of this hierarchical setting, enabling a nuanced interpretation of cadets’ experiences. This paper emphasizes the value of RTA in highly structured environments, where reflexive engagement with data and attention to researcher positionality enriches analysis. The study calls for further research applying RTA in various military institutions to explore how structural variations influence participants’ experiences. Additionally, cross-cultural studies utilizing RTA in international military contexts could offer insights into the intersection of cultural diversity and military hierarchy, contributing to the development of more inclusive and adaptive training programs in military education.