Journal of Studies in the Field of Humanities

กองบรรณาธิการ

Rattanaphon Chuenka — 2024-05-22

ถ้อยแถลงจากบรรณาธิการ

Rattanaphon Chuenka — 2024-05-22

Mayapitsawat:

Orawan Rithisrithorn — 2024-05-22

This article aims to examine the novel Mayapitsawat in relation to the power of the female monster. It addresses two issues: 1) the power of the female monster and the threat to human; and 2) the setting implication- writing techniques in presenting the power of the female monster. It is found that 1) the female monster’s threat comes in the form of interbreeding with human which leads to dominance over the body and mind of human; and 2) the setting is devised in such a way that the scene and the place are connected to the demonstration of the female monster’s power. In summary, this paper discusses the power of nonhuman and woman in light of the Gothic convention.

Glass Garden:

Patima Boonyasukha — 2024-05-22

This paper studies Glass Garden (2017) through the lens of ecocriticism to explore the film’s concerns over the impact of natural resource utilization and its awareness building on bioethics. The study reveals that the film portrays the relationship among the advancement of technology, natural environment, and human society through the content which revolves around the interaction between human and nature, ethical behaviors conflicting with norms, demeaning of the value of human beings, and the complexity and unpredictability of biotechnological research. The conclusion drawn is that the film significantly illustrates a remark that human must find a balance to live in a conflictive and disruptive society and to prepare for ethical challenges.

The Persistence of the Thai Fiddle in Current Social and Culture Conditions

Veerawat Senchantichai — 2024-05-22

Everything in this world must adjust itself to the surrounding environment. The Thai fiddle, one of the representatives of Thai classical music, is a traditional Thai instrument that is confronted with challenges because cultures and music popularity have changed over time. The persistence of this conventional Thai music custom depends upon the maintenance of the value of its Thai music heritage, but it is difficult to deny that a purpose of music is to entertain its listeners, and therefore the contemporary listeners’ appreciation has played a vital role. The compromise between classical culture conservation and adjustment to the culture of the current generation context is critical. The result of the idea is to balance modernization and traditional uniqueness. This article has reviewed the apparent evidence of the challenges Thai classical music has faced through Thai fiddle stories. Moreover, suggestions for the preservation of the Thai fiddle are made from the micro level – family – to the macro level – government – so that the Thai fiddle and classical music can be with Thai society endlessly.

“Conserve Water for What You Drink Comes from the River, Conserve the Forest for What You Eat Comes from the Wood”:

Kanapum Ratinathi — 2024-05-22

This article examines the concepts of ethnicity and environment in 30 non-fiction writings about Pgaz K'nyau ethnic groups published between 1986-2016. It is found that these writings convey three significant concepts concerning ethnicity and environment in three significant ways, namely: the relationship between the Pgaz K'nyau ethnic groups and nature that demonstrates an intimate connection between Pgaz K'nyau’s ways of life and natural environment; the cultural aspect of conservation that reveals the importance of taking into account beliefs and practices of the ethnic groups; and the notion of human rights that reflects the struggles of the Pgaz K'nyau ethnic groups for their rightful access to natural resources. To convey these concepts, the authors deploy various literary devices, namely: selective portrayals of different aspects of Pgaz K'nyau’s ways of life; references to oral literature of the ethnic group; comparison of insider’s and outsider’s perspectives; and uses of figures of speech to depict the profound relationship between the ethnic groups and nature. The concepts and literary techniques presented through various contents and narratives demonstrate the value of ecocriticism in raising awareness about the environment through ethnic narratives.

Analysis of Thai Herbal Recipes in Isan Palm Leaf Scripture:

piyaporn_s sansila — 2024-05-22

This study aimed to: 1) investigate the local wisdom of folk healers in healthcare appearing in Isan palm leaf scriptures; 2) transliterate the Isan palm leaf scriptures into modern Thai alphabet; and 3) classify herbal medicine recipes appearing in the Isan palm leaf scriptures according to Thai pharmaceutical principles. This was a qualitative research study. The transliteration of the palm leaf scriptures of the folk healer Pim Kaewwiset was assessed by Isan ancient dialect specialists, and the herbal recipes were analysed according to principles of Thai traditional medicine. The studied scriptures had 11 palm leaves containing 22 pages and they were written briefly and clearly in Isan dialect.

The findings revealed that the studied palm leaf scriptures contained 73 recipes for healing of aliments and 28 methods for compounding medicine. Most of the recipes and treatment were concerned with fever, skin eruption, blood circulation, digestive system and other. The palm leaf scriptures were composed of 239 herbal drug ingredients, comprising 221 herbal plant matters, 6 mineral matters, and 12 animal matters. There were also descriptions of teacher worship and magical power praying for healing. In conclusion, the Isan palm leaf scriptures showed the local wisdom of Isan folk healers in patient remedy using holistic care for both physical and psychological health. Results from this study were also useful for further knowledge development, and for dissemination to students and general population for basic health care, as well as for preservation of local wisdom of folk healers.

Phra That Choeng Chum:

Surachai Chinnabutr — 2024-05-22

This research article aims to collect legends related to Phra That Choeng Chum and to study the roles of Phra That Choeng Chum in the way of life of people in Sakon Nakhon Province by collecting information from the stories of the villagers, which are oral information and written documents, and analyzing the data according to the conceptual framework of folklore.

The results suggest that the history of Phra That Choeng Chum can be divided into 2 types: one recorded in stories and legends and one recorded in historical documents. The first type includes myths or legends such as the legend of Mae Ka Phueak, the legend of Sakon Nakhon, Uranggadhat (the legend of Phra That Phanom), ruined city’s legend, the legend of Rice, and the legend of Naga. The second type includes historical documents written in the early Rattanakosin period. These are further pieces of evidence used to explain the history of Sakon Nakhon province, especially during the reign of King Rama III of Rattanakosin, which is regarded as the era of the unraveling of the history of the province in Nong Han Basin. The main roles of Phra That Choeng Chum towards the people of Sakon Nakhon province are the role of conveying local stories, the role of creating local identity and beliefs, and the role of affirming faith and rituals in social organization.

The Creation of Tai Yuan Folk Performing Art, Sao-Hai District, Saraburi Province in Covid-19 Situation

Kanpidcha Sumawan — 2024-05-22

The creation of Tai Yuan folk performing art in the Covid-19 situation purposed to contemporize the Tai Yuan folk art in the performance “Tee Sud Tai.” The scope of this study is at Tai Yuan Village, Sao-Hai District in Saraburi Province. This is a qualitative and creative research studying from documentation, interviews with related persons, field study survey, and experience of the researcher.

Based on the research, the author found that the application of the contemporary Tai Yuan folk art performance “Tee Sud Tai” included local weaving lifestyles, dance conservation, costume dressing, and hairstyle to create and demonstrate a new local performance that indicates Tai Yuan identity during the Covid-19 situation. It could be the tool to allow audiences to understand and see new aspects from this creative work. Additionally, the work is different from the original one. The author has no desire to destroy the original performance but intends to maintain knowledge and local wisdom in the new world when the situation is changing all the time.

The Need of Innovation and Communication Model of Innovation-Decision Process of Older People in Digital Citizenship Skill Improvement in Information Technology (IT) Security

Chawaporn Dhamanitayakul — 2024-05-22

The objectives of the study are 1) to study online media behavior of older adults, 2) to study their needs of innovation for digital citizenship skill improvement in Information Technology (IT) security, and 3) to develop communication model of Innovation-decision process of older adults in digital citizenship skill improvement in Information Technology (IT) security. The data were collected by focus group discussion with 8 samples of older adults continuously using online media and in-depth interviews with 12 bedridden older adults with the same condition from 6 regions. The collected data were used as a guideline to develop communication model of innovation-decision process of older adults in digital citizenship skill improvement in IT security. The developed communication model of innovation-decision process was later evaluated by 5 experts.

The result shows that Line application is the most used social media among the target samples under the purpose of family and friend connection, information exchange and research for healthcare, medical treatment, and news checking. Their need of innovation for digital citizenship skill improvement is for ICT capacity building and making the most use of it. The communication model of innovation-decision process proposes personalized communication, interacting with chatbot in Line application, plus direct communication with human to persuade older adults in realizing the advantages of IT and confirm it for lifelong learning. According to the evaluation result, the experts highly agreed with this communication model of innovation-decision process. It can be applied as the guidelines of innovation development for the digital citizenship skill improvement as well as help in promoting digital citizenship skills in IT security among the older adults.

Capturing the Lessons Learned from Music for the Elderly Health Promotion: asame

Narutt Suttachitt — 2024-05-22

This research aims to capture the lessons learned from music for the elderly health promotion through a case study of Pattana Sukkasame. The research method was interviewing and observing four informant groups assigned by purposive sampling. These 211 informants are 1) Pattana Sukkasame, 2) eight conductors who have been trained by Pattana Sukkasame, 3) two hundred elderly people who attend music activities, and 4) two people who have been involved in the research project. The results of this research can be used by related organizations to create policies and guidelines for music for the elderly health promotion in Thailand.

The results show that 1) the Phayao Honghein Poosoong-ayoo (PHP), the school for the elderly, is only a symbolic name that does not represent an actual physical school site. The ‘school’ objective is to promote mental and physical health, and good living in society with value, honor, and happiness for the elderly; 2) the lessons learned from Pattana Sukkasame's music activities can be explained by using Professor Dr. Elizabeth Steiner's educational theory in the following ways: 1) the teacher is a conductor who must appreciate music and people; 2) students or the elderly are not required to have music background, and having interest in music is enough to join the class; 3) the curriculum focuses on the elderly health promotion, i.e.promoting emotional and social well-being, as well as memory. The three basic principles used for teaching are Kodaly's hand signs, Dusdi Paribatra Na Ayudhya’s music teaching concepts and health promotion awareness; and 4) the activities are based on the learning by doing approach that are related to the elderly's needs and interests. Authentic assessment has been used in observation of angklung playing skills, class participation and happiness.

Creating Classical Guitar Exercises from the Playing Techniques of Francisco Tárrega in Carprichio Arabe, Gran Jota, and Variations on the Carnival of Venice

Chanon Suebsom — 2024-05-22

The objectives of this R&D research on Creating Classical Guitar Exercises from the Playing Techniques of Francisco Tárrega in Carprichio Arabe, Gran Jota, and Variations on the Carnival of Venice were to: 1) study the concepts of music composition and arranging songs from other instruments in order to perform by using classical guitar with the playing techniques of Francisco Tárrega, 2) analyze the elements from the concepts of Francisco Tárrega and apply in creating the exercises, 3) be an exercise to develop classical guitar practice skills for undergraduate students and any interested person. The researcher used the results from conceptual studies and analysis in Carprichio Arabe, Gran Jota, and Variations on the Carnival of Venice to create the classical guitar exercises.

The results of this research revealed that the conceptual studies and analysis in Carprichio Arabe, Gran Jota, and Variations on the Carnival of Venice lead to the understanding of knowledge in classical guitar such as melody, chorus, physical skills, and performing techniques. In addition, apart from playing classical guitar to create knowledge and understanding, another important thing is practicing classical guitar techniques. Therefore, practicing the exercise and understanding the techniques of performing provided the knowledge and understanding for the most effective performance. As a result, creating classical guitar exercise in order to develop classical guitar practice skills for undergraduate students and any interested person will help the students in developing skills and abilities in performing guitar with fluently and accuracy as well as resulting in learning classical guitar techniques which leads to their fingers development, both left hand and right hand.

Use of Gender-Sensitive Language in Referring to Refugees:

Phongsakorn Jamjumrus — 2024-05-22

This research article examines the language use representing the gender of refugees and the tendency of the awareness of gender sensitivity reflected in German political parties. This study investigates the data from the corpus of the German Bundestag’s minutes and is based on linguistic realism. The findings are as follows. There are 8 types of word forms that show the gender of refugees, which can be categorized into 3 groups: 1) gender explicit representation through the masculine and feminine nouns; 2) inclusive representation through the use of “Generisches Maskulinum”; and 3) representation as gender neutrality through the use of binomial word pairs, nouns from the participle form, nominal adjectives, nouns with prepositional phrase and gender-transparent nouns. The gender perspectives of each political party are reflected through their language based on their political ideology. The political party with the ideology of environmental and social movements, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen, tends to emphasize gender equality. The conservative party, Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands/Christlich-Soziale Union (CDU/CSU), still represents the image of males and tends to display a balance in representing both genders. The right-wing nationalistic party, Alternative für Deutschland (AfD), mainly uses the “Generisches Maskulinum” because of its standard form in German.

The Error Analysis of Chinese Translation of Airport Public Signs in Thailand

Amornrat Netthanyakonwong — 2024-05-22

The purpose of this research was to analyze the translation errors of Chinese public signs appearing in 16 airports in Thailand from 2019 to 2022 by random sampling. The research instrument was an error analysis table using percentages and frequency distribution. The translation theory of Yanfu's “faithfulness-expressiveness-elegance” (2009) and Kanokporn Noomthong's 10 principles for translating Thai into Chinese (2011) were used as the conceptual frameworks for the study, and the results of the descriptive analysis were presented. The 159 Chinese public signs with translation errors were analyzed and a total of 257 errors were found, with lexical errors being the most common, 62% in total, including: 1) inconsistent translation; 2) mistranslation; 3) confusion of word meanings; 4) confusion of Hong Kong and Taiwanese terms with Chinese terms; 5) use coinages; 6) direct phonetic translation. The next most common errors were grammatical errors, with the total percentage of 23%: 1) grammatical confusion and sentence ambiguity; 2) wrong use of the word “被”; 3) wrong use of numerals and measure words; 4) wrong use of verbs; 5) grammatical errors caused by missing translations. Chinese character errors, 9% in total, included: 1) misuse of Chinese characters; 2) mixing of traditional and simplified characters; 3) use of variant characters. Punctuation errors were: 1) wrong use of punctuation marks; 2) lack of punctuation marks; 3) mixed use of Chinese and English punctuation marks; 4) wrong punctuation positions; 5) other punctuation errors. These punctuation errors accounted for 4%, with the remaining 2% being errors caused by ignoring cultural factors.

Dictogloss in JFL Context:

Suneerat Neancharoensuk — 2024-05-22

This research 1) studied opinions of students in Thailand learning Japanese about sentence construction from listening; and 2) examined the effects of peer interaction on sentence creation to aid in Japanese language learning. The sample group consisted of eight undergraduate Japanese language majors. The results were that 1) students believed that dictogloss helped develop Japanese language skills, enabling them to better observe their own weaknesses in Japanese language, with an average score of 5.00; and 2) collaborative peer interactions in sentence construction may promote Japanese language learning. 68% of language-related episodes (LREs) facilitated correct sentence discovery from collaborative dialogues. This LRE-type dominated conversational turns because students strove to resolve problems. These findings suggest that dictogloss offers opportunities in Japanese for listening and sentence reconstruction, noticing flaws in Japanese language ability, formulating and testing hypotheses and reflecting on interactions while mutually assisting composition.

The Problems of Using Business Honorific Expressions of Thai Undergraduate Students Majoring in Business Japanese

Narongsak Pitchayapisut — 2024-05-22

The objective of this research was to investigate the problems of using Business honorific expressions of Thai third year undergraduate students majoring in Business Japanese. Twenty-eight students were given the Business Japanese Honorific Expressions Test which includes 6 different situations. The problems of using honorific expressions can be categorized into 6 types: 1) using incorrect word forms; 2) switching types of honorific expressions; 3) being unable to remember words or polite expressions; 4) using incorrect or inappropriate words; 5) using Sonkeigo, Kenjougo Type 1 or Kenjougo Type 2 inappropriately; and 6) using polite words and common words inappropriately. The results revealed that the main problem was students being unable to use correct word forms. This could result from the fact that they had limited opportunities to use honorific expressions in real life. In addition, it was found that students had not yet mastered the use of honorific expressions because they could not fully situate themselves in a working environment. This led to the problems in using honorific expressions, especially with those with higher status.

Technology-Based Japanese Language Teaching and Learning Innovation Management Strategies in Upper Secondary Schools in Bangkok

Lunravee Patipimpakom — 2024-05-22

The purpose of this research was to investigate the current state and the desirable state of, as well as the priority needs for the development and the management strategies for technology-based Japanese language teaching innovation in upper secondary schools in Bangkok. The sample consisted of 123 secondary school Japanese language teachers in Bangkok, which was obtained in simple random sampling by using Krejcie and Morgan’s table for sample size determination. The employed instrument was a five-point rating scale double-response estimator type questionnaire dealing with the current and the desirable state of the technology-based Japanese language teaching innovation management with the reliability coefficients of .90. The statistical data analysis included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Priority Needs Index modified (PNI_modified), and content analysis.

The results showed that: 1) the overall current state of the technology-based Japanese language teaching innovation management was found at a high level which can be sorted in the following order: teaching by using the technology, assessment and the student analysis; 2) the overall and individually considered aspects related to the desirable state of the technology-based Japanese language teaching innovation management were found at the highest level in which Japanese teachers need to analyse the learners, followed by the choice of the technology used in learning Japanese; 3) the priority needs for the development of technology-based Japanese language teaching innovation management can be sorted in the following order: student analysis, technology analysis, learning concept analysis, technology-based learning management design, technology-based authentic assessment, and technology-based learning management; and 4) there were 2 main strategies and 7 sub-strategies for technology-based Japanese language teaching innovation management.

Grammaticalization of the Word /mák/

Santhawat Thanyawong — 2024-05-22

This research aims to study the linguistic change of the word /mák/ in terms of grammaticalization in the old Thai corpus, spanning from 1339 AD (the Sukhothai era) to 1907 AD (1882-2450 BE). The results indicate that /mák/ grammaticalized from a verb 'like' to an adverb-auxiliary 'frequentative.' The grammaticalization of /mák/ began when /mák/ occurs as the first verb in a serial verb construction, leading to structural and pragmatic ambiguities. These ambiguities in the usage of /mák/ permit a reanalysis of its grammatical functions, shifting from the main verb to the adverb-auxiliary. Moreover, the ambiguities also facilitate inference through a metonymic process in the case that someone who likes to do something tends to do that thing frequently. The adverb-auxiliary /mák/ 'frequentative' which initially emerged in
a certain context further underwent analogy and metaphorical processes and extended its use, as evidenced by three instances. First, it expanded its co-occurrence from animate subjects to inanimate subjects. Second, it broadened its co-occurrence from action verbs to experience and stative verbs. Third, its syntactic structure came to resemble that of
an aspectual marker.

The Development of Lexical Database from Maritime Transportation Corpus Based on An Ontology Approach

Kingkarn Sangkarat — 2024-05-22

This paper aims to present a method for analyzing data about maritime transportation to develop lexical database based on an ontology approach. The method of this research started by selecting 1,286 words from electronic and printed documents related to maritime transportation. The methodology runs by three linguistic processes. The first process is compound noun and noun phrase analysis based on the data from the vocabulary list. The second process is keywords analysis that linked terms in the context with semantic relationship. The last process is data linking to create ontology by using hierarchical concept relations. The results of data analysis found that there are eight conceptual categories, including cargoes, containers, cranes, vessels, ports, documents, routes and organizations related to maritime transportation. In the category of vision, the maritime transportation related “organizations,” found the most subconsciously with 19 sub-concepts, and the category of “containers” had the least number of subconsciously with two sub-concepts out of 605 sub-concepts. Finally, to create a maritime transportation ontology, it was found that up to six hierarchies of conceptual data could be linked.

Thai Orientational Conceptual Metaphors:

Worawanna Petchkij — 2024-05-22

Orientational conceptual metaphors in Thai research papers seem to be reported less when compared with structural and ontological conceptual metaphors. In addition, the presentation of certain source domains appears to overlap with those of structural and ontological conceptual metaphors. Thus, this research aimed to survey orientational conceptual metaphors reported in 81 research papers in Thai in the area of conceptual metaphor analysis in order to explore Thai orientational conceptual metaphors in terms of their numbers, types of abstract domains arising from orientational conceptualization, how their source domains were presented, and possible factors contributing to their minimal reporting in Thai research papers. According to the findings, only 12 orientational conceptual metaphors in Thai were reported in 7 research papers surveyed. These reported conceptual metaphors belonged to 6 abstract concepts. Four of these concepts were antonyms: happiness-sadness and life-death. The remaining two other concepts found in this survey were the heart/mind and time concepts. Their source domains were mainly stated using direction, position, and space terms. Vertical direction and position terms - up/down, upon/below and high/low - were used most frequently. In addition, words meaning ‘moving towards’ and others were also used together with certain direction and position terms. It was also found that the types of abstract concepts under investigation, how linguistic metaphors were grouped into a systematic set and analysis of conceptual metaphors, and sources of language data are some possible factors contributing to the minimal reporting of Thai orientational conceptual metaphors. On some levels, the results of this survey could potentially provide beneficial guidelines for the analysis and identification of orientational and conceptual metaphors in Thai and the selection of appropriate concepts and language data sources for researchers and scholars in the areas of conceptual metaphor analysis as well as language and cognition.

Political Perspectives in the Poems Winning the 2020 Phan Waen Fah Award

Phusit Srimanee — 2024-05-22

This research article aims to study the political perspectives of the poets in the 13 poems winning the 2020 Phan Waen Fah Award. It was found that the poets presented political perspectives on rulers and subjects under the Thai political system. There were two issues regarding political perspectives towards rulers. 1) Regarding performing duties as politicians, the poets viewed that politicians should listen to the opinions of the people in all aspects in order to develop and create a prosperous society, and they must perform their duties to the best of their ability for the greatest benefit to the nation and the people. 2) Regarding the importance of social institutions in promoting democracy, the poets observed that good social institutions are the cornerstone contributing to democracy for the people of the nation. Meanwhile, there were three issues regarding political perspectives towards subjects. 1) Regarding respect for different opinions of people in society, the poets believed that people should listen to and accept different opinions and open up space for those who think differently in order to create equality in living together in society. 2) Regarding the rights and liberties of the people, the poets considered that the people of the nation must uphold their rights and freedoms righteously in order to preserve democracy for future generations, and that people should not overlook and ignore social problems but be aware of their rights and duties in order to jointly solve those problems. 3) Regarding selling and buying votes, the poets viewed that the people selling their votes cause bad politicians to destroy the country. These perspectives presented the poets' opinions which are in line with what actually happened in society in order to encourage rulers and subjects to act as good citizens and work together to establish full democracy in the nation.

Representation of the Africans and Racism:

Faris Yothasamuth — 2024-05-22

This research article examines the translation of the novel She of Henry Rider Haggard into Thai as Sao Song Phan Pee by Nok Nori or Khru Liam using a postcolonial framework. The research finds that in translating the novel She, Khru Liam evidently preserved and enhanced the negative representation of the Africans according to the imperial romance’s conventions of the original. This representation manifests racist thought which emphasizes the superiority of the European as asserted by imperial discourses. This racist idea resonates with the racial discourse which some Thai writers during the late period of Rama V’s era to the early period of Rama VI’s era expressed, and shows that anti-African racism was prevalent among some Thais during that period. Through a postcolonial lens, it can be interpreted that Khru Liam appropriated the imperial discourse to create the sense of racial superiority by fabricating the Africans as inferior to Thai. Furthermore, the translation of Khru Liam shows that the text opens an opportunity to subvert the dominating power of the colonial West by suggesting the degeneration of the empire and injecting the Buddhist values into the text for the sake of negotiation between Thainess and Otherness.

Publication Ethics

Rattanaphon Chuenka — 2024-06-04