Journal of Studies in the Field of Humanities

The Implications of Descending Transposition in Performing the Phleng Ching Suite Composition, Ching Phra Chan

Nawin Bosakaranat — 2025-06-29

Oral tradition is one of the pivotal factors which create aesthetic diversity in performing Thai classical music, resulting also in some traditions. One such tradition is descending transposition found in performing Ching Phra Chan (CPC). It is, therefore, the objective of this article to try to answer why dropping a pitch becomes the traditional way of performing CPC. The research methodology is the harmony of musical scale. The findings are as follows: dropping a pitch in CPC comes from considering the scale harmony of the final sound in each part. The descending transposition in Yi Kin Yai, part one of CPC, makes the final sounds the same as those of part two. Besides, this also shows the conformity to the change of rhythm in other Pleng Rueang.

A Reflection of the Middle Eastern Cultural Heritage in Southeast Asia through Musical Instruments

Saran Nakrob — 2025-06-29

This academic article aims to present the knowledge of musical instruments from the Middle Eastern culture which become the cultural heritage in Southeast Asia. This study employed Sachs-Hornbostel style of musical instrument classification, namely the aerophone, the chordophone, the membranophone, and the idiophone, to further the investigation. The study proposed that the musical instruments from the Middle East’s musical culture become the cultural heritage in Southeast Asia in 2 categories. The first category is the chordophone: a plucked lute instrument with 5-6 pair of strings called Oud. This musical instrument is called Gambus in Southeast Asia and is found in 2 types: the arched-back type, called Gambus Hadhramaut; and the smaller one with pear-shaped, called Gambus Melayu. Today, the musical instrument plays important roles in the Malay Archipelago: Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, and Singapore especially for Malay descendants. Next, a fiddle instrument with 4 strings called rebab is found in Southeast Asia found in various sizes, from 42-54 inches in length in total. Its soundbox is about 6-8 inches in diameter, but a number of strings are cut off, from 4 strings to 2 or 3 strings. The 2-string rebab is found in Indonesia, while that with 2-3 strings is found in Malaysia, and southern Thailand. The final category is membranophone, consisting of a goblet drum with one head called Darbuka, and a frame drum with shallow body called Daff. The diffusion of these 2 types of drums across Southeast Asia resulting in their varying sizes, difference in playing techniques, and difference in names when adopted by each musical culture.

จริยธรรมการตีพิมพ์ผลงานในวารสารมนุษยศาสตร์วิชาการ

Rattanaphon Chuenka — 2025-06-29

Two Decades of Disability Representation in South Korean Film:

Luxsnai Songsiengchai — 2025-06-29

This research explores the representation of disability in Korean films through a qualitative approach, systematically analyzing the content of 25 films released between 2002 and 2021-a period when South Korea focused on producing films for cultural export (Kim, 2019). The study employs a narrative paradigm, examines the notion of disability within the Korean social context, and analyzes media exposure and the attitudes of 30 Thai individuals with disabilities. These participants, selected through purposive sampling, had watched at least one of the selected films, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews.

The findings reveal that intellectual disabilities, hearing impairments, mobility impairments, and autism were the most frequently portrayed disabilities. Representations of disabled individuals in these films fall into 7 main types: 1) the socially disadvantaged, 2) the victim, 3) the innocent, 4) the insecure, 5) the angry, 6) the gifted, and 7) the independent. Notably, the study highlights a significant absence of narratives addressing disabilities among the elderly and issues of gender diversity.

Despite the persistent stereotypical portrayal of disability as pitiable, victimized, or lacking self-assurance, Thai viewers with disabilities perceive Korean films as employing creative narrative techniques. These techniques humanize disabled characters by avoiding negative stereotypes and resisting the tendency to depict them solely as objects of pity or as inherently virtuous “angels.” The comparison of disability with other social vulnerabilities, along with the integration of multifaceted conflicts in films, has emerged as a powerful media tool that influences public perceptions of disabled individuals, rendering disability a universal concern.

The Role of Korean Sexual Humor Tale:

Siwat Surakitbovorn — 2025-06-29

This research article aims to analyze the roles and functions of Korean sexual humor tales, focusing on stories with male characters as the central figures. By examining the relationships and behaviors of male characters in these tales, it is observed that the principal male characters include Buddhist monks, noblemen and the upper class, scholars, merchants, and ordinary villagers. These characters interact with female characters from various social classes within the tales. Moreover, the study of the roles and functions of these tales through male characters from diverse social strata reveals five primary roles: 1) reinforcing the hegemony of the ruling classes; 2) promoting social justice; 3) educating on sexual matters and facilitating adaptation to family life; 4) reflecting and fulfilling the desires of the people; and 5) providing satire and ridicule to express societal discontent. The significance of these roles varies depending on the perspective of the reader or listener, as a single tale may take on multiple roles, emphasizing the complexity and multifaceted nature of these narratives.

A Study of Problems and Solutions of Learning and Teaching Korean for Thai Labors Who will Take the EPS-TOPIK Exam

Kornnapha Boonphisudsilp — 2025-06-29

The purpose of this research study is to investigate the problems in and propose guidelines for learning and teaching Korean for Thai labors who will take the EPS-TOPIK exam in four aspects, namely curriculum, instructors’ proficiency, teaching media, and students’ condition. Data were collected from interviews with 30 individuals involved and questionnaires from 384 respondents. The findings suggest that 1) students taking the EPS-TOPIK exam should undergo an introductory Korean language course beforehand to prepare them for the “exam tutoring” course, with recommendations to extend the tutoring course duration for better learning. It is noted that 2) most instructors lack skills in teaching and experience in working with Korean people, indicating a need for training sessions and seminars to develop proficiency in teaching Korean, as well as the culture of working with Korean people. 3) The current use of media such as standard Korean teaching books or institute-created materials suggests a need for diversification of teaching materials, incorporating platforms like YouTube, TikTok, and Facebook. 4) Most Korean language learners have work obligations, time constraints, and financial barriers, leading to a lack of motivation due to the difficulty of the Korean language. Therefore, activities should be organized to indicate the benefits of learning Korean proficiently, along with creating motivational activities such as arranging meetings with individuals who have worked in Korea to demonstrate the advantages of proficient Korean communication, as well as to provide information on legal processes for working in Korea.

Becoming the Other:

Teerapong Serisamran — 2025-06-29

Railway Sleepers (2016) is an observational documentary by Sompot Chidgasornpongse, filmed over eight years, that captures the daily lives of passengers, staff, and the scenery along Thailand's railway routes. The film reflects contemporary Thai society through the diversity of people-across gender, age, ethnicity, religion, and social status—as well as the presence of animals, objects, and various entities both inside and surrounding the train. This documentary embodies a post-humanist perspective that not only portrays the world from a human viewpoint but also invites viewers to experience the world as if they were “becoming” the train or other entities.

This study explores the film through the lenses of animism and perspectivism, analyzing how Railway Sleepers immerses viewers into a perception beyond their own selves, fostering a connection with the entities surrounding them. The documentary serves as a medium that enables the viewers to “become” other beings, opening up new perspectives on existence, interrelationships, and the natural world. As the viewers’ perspective shifts, so do their vision and understanding of life and the world. Instead of being merely passengers observing from outside, the viewers experience the world through the “body” of the train. This experience of “becoming” brings about transformative shifts in perception, awareness, and understanding of life and the world through a different lens.

Sex Differentiation in Thai LGBTQ Movies:

Akaradech Pleechompu — 2025-06-29

This study examines the use of first-person pronouns and sentence-final particles in Thai LGBTQ movies, with a focus on sex differentiation, which explores linguistic differences between genders. The research questions are: do movie characters of each gender use different kinds of first-person pronouns and sentence-final particles? And how? Personal pronouns and sentence-final particles are linguistic markers that can signal an individual’s gender according to Nawawan Panthumetha’s word categorization. Three Thai movies were selected for analysis: Iron Ladies Roar, How to Win at Checkers (Every Time), and Yes or No 2.5: Love Again. The movies were chosen because they depict naturalistic conversations and included LGBTQ characters, namely lesbian, gay, and transgender individuals.

The study finds that the use of personal pronouns and sentence-final particles in these movies is closely tied to constructs of masculinity and femininity. Characters typically express gender identity consistent with their biological sex, except for transgender characters, who exhibit linguistic behaviors associated with their gender identity rather than their biological sex. In the movies, the characters express gender identity by using sentence-final particles more than personal pronouns since the characters used only gendered sentence-final particles. On the other hand, the most used personal pronouns in the movies are the gender-neutral personal pronouns.

Expressions Considered Bullying:

Phattama Mueansamai — 2025-06-29

Defining the meanings of (im)politeness-related terms from the perspectives of language users has recently attracted interest of pragmaticists, and the term “bullying” is widely used in Thai society nowadays.

This paper aims to investigate the meaning of the term “expressions considered bullying” as perceived by Thai speakers of generations Y and Z, using first-order (im)politeness as the analytical framework. Data were collected by online survey, questionnaire, and in-depth interviews. The results revealed that there are numerous definitional dimensions of this term from the perception of Thai speakers of generations Y and Z. However, definitional dimensions are largely perceived similarly. The “content” and “consequence” are key definitional dimensions, which serve as fundamental concerns in judging whether expressions are considered bullying. This term, based on lay perceptions, is defined with a broader meaning than the term “bullying” as defined within theoretical constructs by scholars. These findings can be conceptualized to elucidate the meaning of the term “expressions considered bullying” in Thai and can be applied to judge expressions considered bullying in Thai society.

Game Addict or E-sports Athlete:

Radarat Sripunvoraskul — 2025-06-29

Although esports has been increasingly supported by both public and private sectors, esports athletes are still not widely accepted in Thai society as they struggle against the prevailing perception of “game addicts.” The analysis of news about game addicts and interviews with esports athletes reveals an effort to present the identities of esports athletes as a counter-narrative to negotiate with the representations of game addicts, which are often constructed and portrayed negatively. While game addicts are portrayed as individuals in need of correction or treatment, as abnormal, and as sources of distress for those around them, esports athletes attempt to redefine themselves as professional athletes, successful individuals, and people with aspirations who actively pursue their goals. They also emphasize their ability to manage their time effectively, contribute positively to those around them, and gain support from their peers and families. These representations and identities are shaped through various linguistic strategies, including lexical selection, presupposition, intertextuality, causal construction, inference, metaphor, conditional structure, and contrastive structure.

Discourse Structure of Sathien Bodhinanda’s Sermons:

Anawin Sukcharoen — 2025-06-29

This research aims to analyze the main and sub-components within the discourse structures of 30 sermons of Sathien Bodhinanda using the revised framework of Longacre's discourse structure as modified by Kanoksin (1989). The analysis reveals that the discourse structure of the sermons comprises four main components: an introductory greeting section that serves to greet and initiate the sermon, a prelude section that outlines the content in a general manner, a detailed content section that presents information in depth and in a sequential order, and a concluding section that signifies the end of the sermon. Furthermore, within the prelude and detailed content sections, four sub-components were identified: references to historical events, evaluative remarks, illustrative examples, and definitions. These sub-components function to enhance the audience’s understanding of the content. Therefore, it can be stated that Sathien Bodhinanda possesses a systematic ability to convey knowledge through both main components and sub-components to facilitate comprehension effectively.

“One is Born a Man, as Long as Lives, One Should not be Dishonored”:

Worathipa Satayanusakkul — 2025-06-29

This article examines the redefinition of gender by the Siamese elites during the reign of King Mongkut (1851-1868), a period marked by the expansion of Western imperialism in Southeast Asia. During this time, Siam was confronted with colonialism in political, economic, and cultural spheres. Focusing on King Mongkut’s royal proclamations and letters, the article highlights gender paradigms in private and public spheres, revealing gender perspectives of the ruling class. The article argues that the modernization of gender by the elites—particularly through legal and social advances in women’s status—derived from challenges posed to the Siamese masculinity by Western gender ideologies, including feminist discourse and imperial masculinity. In the colonial context, the Siamese elite gentry preserved traditional values while adapting womanhood and maleness to align with Western gender norms. As a result, redefined femininity was intended to avoid undermining the masculinity of the Siamese elites. Meanwhile, a new form of masculinity was rearticulated to protect male sexual identity and to position Siam as a civilized nation equal to the West on the global stage.

Ruralism in Thai Novel Series, during 2009-2015

Liang Junping — 2025-06-29

This study investigates rural ideology in Thai novel series published between 2009 and 2015. It focuses on three sets of novels: 1) Baan Rai Plai Fun series, including Thara Himalai, Duangjai Akkhanee, Pathapee Leh Ruk, and Wayupak Montra; 2) Mae Khong Phaendin series, including Pra Teap Rak Hang Jai, Saeng Thian, and Roi Pa Wai Duay Rak; and 3) Duangjai Dhevaprom series, including Laorchan, Kwanruetai, Jaiphisut, Dujapsorn, and Porncheewan. The study adopts Raymond Williams’ concept of ruralism as the analytical framework and employs descriptive methods to present the findings. The results reveal that these novels prominently reflect rural ideology across three key dimensions: 1) presentation of a romanticized image of rural life through symbolic names and titles, constructing an idealized vision of the countryside; 2) presentation of rural economic growth in Thailand; and 3) presentation of nostalgia for rural life, conveyed through the aspirations and perspectives of various characters. These novels play
a crucial role in presenting an idealized countryside and reinforcing development narratives in a tangible and impactful way. They depict rural areas as harmonious and prosperous spaces, balancing economic progress with cultural preservation. The findings suggest that these narratives encourage readers to appreciate the value and potential of rural communities in modern Thai society, positioning them as sustainable and fulfilling alternatives to

Strategies and Guidelines for Potential Development of Community Based Tourism, Hua Pa Sub district, Phrom Buri District, Sing Buri Province

Pimjai Karnpakdee — 2025-06-29

The purposes of this study were to examine strategies and guidelines for developing the tourism potential of the community in Hua Pa Sub District, Phrom Buri District, Sing Buri Province. The tools used to collect data included surveys, observation, in-depth interviews and focus groups. The quality of the research tools was assessed by 5 experts to check content validity and to conduct an analysis of the situation environment (SWOT Analysis) of community tourist attractions. SWOT analysis tool was used to analyze tourism environments, and TOWS matrix tool was used to exhibit strategies and guidelines for potential development of community-based tourism. Thirty-three key informants were chosen by purposive sampling method consisting of (1) a group of community leaders, (2) representatives from government organizations and local administrative organizations, and (3) representatives from the public sector involving tourism development. The accuracy of data was validated by data triangulation. The results indicated 4 strategies to support community-based tourism management operational potential. Strategy 1: Upgrading the communication and public relations for community tourism, involving 1) communication and public relations for tourism; 2) developing learning centers towards agricultural or educational tourism; 3) promoting tourism linked to famous tourist attractions such as Wat Phikun Thong, Wat Amphawan, Bang Rachan Camp; and 4) promoting ecotourism. Strategy 2: Developing and improving the landscape of community-based tourist attractions, consisting of 1) improving the landscape of tourist attractions; 2) dam development on riverbank to block water from the Chao Phraya River; and 3) establishing an emergency plan to prevent and deal with natural disasters. Strategy 3: Enhancing personnel competency in community-based tourism management, comprising 1) promoting the use of alternative technology to substitute reliance on labor; 2) developing skills in managing community-based tourism; and 3) training and organizing a forum to exchange knowledge. And Strategy 4: Creating a network of cooperation between the community and external agencies, consisting of 1) establishing a network of cooperation and assign a network coordinator; and 2) creating a network of cooperation to increase public relations channels that help decrease communication gap.

The results of this study can be used as a guideline for tourism management that is consistent and appropriate with the context of the community.

“May the Odds Be Ever in Your Favour”:

Pichsinee Sopanpanichkul — 2025-06-29

Idioms are one of the most challenging aspects in translation due to linguistic and cultural differences between the source language and the target language. Translators use several strategies when dealing with various types of idioms within one text. Therefore, the objective of this research is to find out the types of English idioms found in Suzanne Collins’ The Hunger Games (2011) and translation strategies used to translate these English idioms into Thai including their potential relationship which is rarely studied. A total of 188 data collected from the English novel were categorized into idiom types (Seidl & McMordie, 1988) and their Thai translations by Nara Supakroj were analyzed to identify the most frequently used strategies, based on Baker’s framework (2011). The analysis showed that all 8 types of idioms by Seidl & McMordie (1988) were found in the novel, which are: key words with idiomatic uses, idioms with nouns and adjectives, idiomatic pairs, idiom with prepositions, phrasal verbs, verbal idiom, idioms with keywords from special categories, and idioms of comparison. Verbal idioms were the most prevalent, with 89 tokens (45.18%). Regarding idiom translation strategies, 5 out of 6 idiom translation strategies listed by Baker (2011) were found with translation by paraphrase being the most frequently, used, accounting for 142 idioms (72.08%), while omission with a play on idiom was not found in the data collected. Its easy accessibility to the idiom’s meaning tends to be one of the reasons for using translation by paraphrase, making it useful in conveying appropriate meanings in each context especially when there is no equivalent idiom in the target language, or the idiom has multiple meanings.

Translating Queerness:

Pennapa Riabroi — 2025-06-29

This study explores how queerness is translated and reimagined in Thai literary contexts through a comparative analysis of two Thai versions of Carson McCullers’ The Ballad of the Sad Café. Drawing on queer theory and Marc Démont’s (2017) framework of translation strategies—misrecognizing, minoritizing, and queering-the research examines 209 queer—relevant instances in Nuankham Chanpa’s 1986 translation and Juthamat Anion’s 2017 version. The findings reveal a significant shift: Nuankham predominantly used minoritizing (73.52%) and misrecognizing (19.1%) strategies, while queering appeared in just 7.38% of cases. By contrast, Juthamat employed queering strategies in 95.08% of instances, with minimal use of the other two. The study also analyzes paratextual and institutional contexts to understand how broader cultural forces shaped each translation. These results highlight translation as a culturally situated act that influences the visibility of queer identities. This research contributes to queer translation studies by demonstrating how shifting ideologies and publishing norms impact the representation of queerness across time.

Retrospective Views on Online Assessment:

Savika Varaporn — 2025-06-29

At the outset of the shift to online learning during the Covid-19 outbreak, Thai university teachers were faced with challenges they never experienced before, especially in an assessment part. Practices and approaches to online assessment among Thai EFL teachers varied significantly during this transition. Despite the continued use of online assessments after the pandemic, there remains limited empirical research on how EFL teachers and students in Thailand perceive online assessment and each other's practices. This gap includes how students view the assessment approaches of their teachers and how teachers interpret students' engagement with online assessments. Therefore, this mixed-method research study aims to examine the retrospective views of Thai EFL tertiary-level teachers and students on online assessment. Questionnaires were administered to 41 teachers, 11 course coordinators, and 320 students to explore their perspectives and experiences regarding online assessment. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 50 purposely selected students to gain deeper insights. The study found that assessment methods remained consistent before and during online learning, with some modifications made to the scoring distribution. The findings also revealed mismatches in perspectives between teachers and students concerning online assessment. While teachers generally held unfavorable views, citing concerns about students' integrity, fairness, and reliability in this format, students had a more positive perception of online assessment. Insights from this study contribute to more effective planning and implementation of online assessment in order to enhance its alignment with the unique demands of tertiary education.

Effects of Kahoot! on Vocabulary Learning and Student and Teacher Perceptions

Kattawan Hattee — 2025-06-29

The purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of Kahoot! on enhancing English vocabulary knowledge among Thai students and to explore the perceptions of both the students and their teacher regarding the utilization of Kahoot! in a school setting. The study involved a native Thai teacher of English and 60 M.1 students divided into two groups: a control group that received vocabulary instruction using a traditional method, and an experimental group that received vocabulary instruction through the utilization of Kahoot! Data were collected by tests (a pre-test, a post-test, a delayed test, and immediate tests), a questionnaire, and a semi-structured interview. The findings indicate that Kahoot! was more effective in the short-term immediate tests. In the delayed test, there was a significant difference in the receptive vocabulary knowledge between the two groups, with the experimental group outperforming the control group. Furthermore, the students in the experimental group showed greater improvement in receptive vocabulary knowledge compared to productive vocabulary knowledge through the use of Kahoot! In terms of perceptions, both the students and the teacher expressed favorable perceptions toward Kahoot! as a vocabulary learning and teaching tool.

The Development of an Online Platform Prototype for Communicating Knowledge about Marine Ornamental Fishes

Pheeranat Navarat Na Ayuttaya — 2025-06-29

This research aims to: 1) study the behavior of users interacting with a prototype online platform for marine ornamental fish keeping; 2) explore the needs of marine ornamental fish keepers regarding the platform; and 3) design and develop a prototype of an online platform tailored to these users. The sample group consisted of 400 individuals interested in marine ornamental fish, selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via an online questionnaire and analyzed using mean, percentage, and standard deviation. The findings reveal that 1) the primary purpose for keeping marine ornamental fish was educational. The main challenge faced by users was a lack of knowledge, while aesthetic appeal was the key factor influencing purchasing decisions. The most sought-after content was information about fish species. 2) Participants preferred the platform in the form of a mobile application, with outline-style icons, sans-serif fonts, and a blue and white color scheme. They desired content presented in clear, easy-to-understand language, with comprehensive coverage and concise summaries. In terms of functionality, users preferred well-organized information categories, a consultation feature for expert advice, simulation tools, and Thai language support. 3) The developed prototype featured a user-friendly interface with appropriately sized fonts and images, a clean layout, and the use of modern icons and typography to enhance readability and clarity.

“The Impressionable Sound Reverie” for Modern Electric Ensemble

Prateep Jattanakul — 2025-06-29

A composition entitled “The Impressionable Sound Reverie” for Modern Electronic Ensemble is crafted with the aim to explore the realm of imaginative dreams and to ascertain whether sonic art can effectively convey abstract concepts. Drawing upon the seminal works of notable psychologists such as Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, and Carl Gustav Carus, this study was influenced by various dreams-related theories and concepts.

The research analysed the feasibility of conveying abstract concepts through sonic art forms, drawing inspiration from dreams and imagination. It examined how composers have historically drawn inspiration from dreams, scrutinised the composer’s imagination’s role in interpretation, and explored methods to establish connections between imagination, music theory, and sound history. Furthermore, the study involved experimental recordings of elements encountered in dreams, including space, emotions, and various objects, followed by the creation of sounds based on interpretations of these elements. This music composition used techniques such as acoustic, electronic, electroacoustic, musique concrète, and soundscape, which are combined to facilitate unlimited creativity in creating works. For the performance, live musical instruments and electronic equipment are positioned for the performer and the audience, along with lighting and media for a surround-sound experience like Wagner’s Gesamtkunstwerk.

The Creation of the Solo Khong Wong Yai Song “Phleng Diao Khu Wiwek Weha-Salika Chomduean Samchan”

Assanee Pleinsri — 2025-06-29

This research aims to study the context and creatively compose Wiwek Weha and Salika Chomduean Samchan for a duet of solo songs (Phleng Diao Khu) on the Khong Wong Yai, as well as to transcribe the music into notation and digital media formats. The study employs qualitative and creative research methodologies, including documentary research, expert interviews, the solo Khong Wong Yai composition, notation and digital media recording, analysis of the musical composition, and public dissemination (via online media).

The research findings reveal that Wiwek Weha and Salika Chomduean Samchan are paired compositions in a single movement with 4 beats in Nathap Propkai. The composers are unknown. However, Salika Chomduean is hypothesized to have been composed around the early Rattanakosin period as a deliberate companion to the pre-existing Wiwek Weha to rhyme the titles. Both songs are composed in two musical scales: Thang Nok (รมฟXลทX) and Thang Nai (ลทดxมฟx), and sudden musical scale shifts occur in certain passages.

The solo composition demonstrates systematic coherence and correlation with the concept and the theory employed in composing
“a duet of solo songs” that closely follows the prescribed scales and principal melodies and exhibits an initial round of performance played in Thang Wan and the repeated round in Thang Keb. The performance emphasizes precise striking techniques, tonal clarity, and dexterous coordination of both hands. Wiwek Weha focuses on right-hand techniques, while Salika Chomduean emphasizes left-hand skills.

The characteristics of this solo composition include occasional pauses in the melody while maintaining the underlying rhythmic patterns and the use of striking gongs up and down in rapid alternation-a technique rarely found in other Khong Wong Yai solo repertoires.

กองบรรณาธิการ

Rattanaphon Chuenka — 2025-06-29

ถ้อยแถลงจากบรรณาธิการ

Rattanaphon Chuenka — 2025-06-29