jsn Journal

วัฒนธรรมกับการสนทนาบนความขัดแย้งในภาษาญี่ปุ่น

Kunaj Somchanakit — 2024-12-17

หนังสือ วัฒนธรรมกับการสนทนาบนความขัดแย้งในภาษาญี่ปุ่น เป็นผลงานเขียนของยุพวรรณ โสภิตวุฒิวงศ์ ผู้เชี่ยวชาญทางด้านภาษาศาสตร์สังคมญี่ปุ่น โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งในเรื่องสนทนาวิเคราะห์ (会話分析: conversation analysis) ในผลงานเล่มนี้ ยุพวรรณหยิบยกประเด็นเรื่อง “ความขัดแย้ง” ซึ่งเป็นสิ่งที่หลายคนหลีกเลี่ยงไม่ให้เกิดในขณะที่อีกหลายคนอาจจะหลงลืม ไม่ได้ใส่ใจในเรื่องนี้เท่าที่ควรขณะสนทนากับผู้อื่นจึงก่อให้เกิดความไม่เข้าใจหรือขัดแย้งกับคู่สนทนาได้โดยง่ายโดยเฉพาะกับคู่สนทนาที่เป็นคนต่างชาติ นั่นเป็นเพราะหลายคนเรียนรู้แต่ตัวภาษา แต่ไม่ให้ค่าวัฒนธรรมที่แฝงอยู่ในนั้น ในหนังสือเล่มนี้ ยุพวรรณนำเสนอกลุ่มวัจนกรรมที่ก่อให้เกิดความขัดแย้งได้ง่ายพร้อมสอดแทรกเกร็ดความรู้ทางวัฒนธรรมญี่ปุ่นที่จะทำให้ผู้อ่านได้เข้าใจจิตใจของคนญี่ปุ่นมากยิ่งขึ้น และเรียนรู้วิธีที่จะลดความขัดแย้งเพื่อให้การสื่อสารมีประสิทธิภาพมากที่สุด

The Unique National Park Administration of Japan Based on Geosocial Approach

Sarat Rattana — 2024-12-17

The national parks administration of Japan has hardly been mentioned in Thailand's key sector. This research aims to present the unique national park administration of Japan that is different from that in the United States, which has created a role model for national park management for other countries and has occupied Japan for many years, in the context of geosocial approach. The methodology consists of a survey study in the actual areas of Towada-Hachimantai National Park, Bandai-Asahi National Park, Nikko National Park, Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park, and Myoko-Togakushi-Rensen National Park and qualitative research using document research. The results of this study revealed that the service areas of Japan's national parks are located among communities, including agricultural areas, residential areas, and various enterprises. Therefore, Japan's national parks are managed with mixed use of state and private areas regardless of the size of the area. Management zoning and the rules and regulations of each management zone are key to Japan's national park administration in terms of preserving preserve Japan's natural resources and responding to the diversity of community uses, which is their unique approach.

The State of Knowledge About Japanese Paintings and Prints in Thailand: A Survey of Journals of Japanese Studies and Academic Books

Namsai Tantisuk — 2024-12-17

This article explores the current state of knowledge about Japanese arts before the contemporary era, particularly Japanese painting and prints, as found in academic journals and scholarly books on Japanese studies in Thailand. It also analyzes the factors contributing to these trends. The data were collected in two parts: first, research articles and scholarly papers from the JSN Journal, the Thammasat Journal of Japanese Studies, and proceedings from the Japanese Studies Association of Thailand (JSAT) conferences between 2019 and 2023; and second, academic books sourced from the libraries of Chulalongkorn University, Thammasat University, Chiang Mai University, and Silpakorn University.

The results were that between 2019 and 2023, there were no research papers on Japanese painting or prints in the surveyed journals. In terms of Thai scholarly books, knowledge of Japanese arts, especially Japanese painting and prints, began to appear around 1960 and has increased since the late 1990s. However, knowledge about Japanese artists and their works remains limited to prominent figures, such as Hokusai, Hiroshige, and Sesshuu. This trend may be influenced by the Western interest in Japanese culture since the nineteenth century and the Western-based art education system in Thailand, which relies on English-language sources for information on Japanese artistic imagery. Consequently, the knowledge is confined within Western academic frameworks, and the scope of study remains narrow.

Adjustments of Thai Workers to the Japanese Work Culture in Japan

Phatchaya Suphachai — 2024-12-17

This research aimed to study the problems and obstacles caused by the cultural differences at work and the adjustment to the Japanese work culture among Thai workers in Japan. The research was conducted based on a qualitative research design. Data were collected from an in-depth interview with 10 Thai workers working in companies or workplaces located in the Kanto region of Japan.

The study results indicated problems and obstacles caused by differences in the Japanese work culture, consisting of six points: document operations, intra-team communication, long-term planning, job rotation, continuous self-improvement, and strict career coaching in every job position. In this regard, five practical guidelines were found, i.e., practical guidelines for contacting other departments, getting off work or leaving the office, the hair styles and clothing of female employees, how to take minutes for meetings, and taking leaves of absence from work.

With regard to the adjustment to the Japanese work culture among Thai workers, they used the Kaizen cycle process, which focuses on developing and improving one’s own work. Moreover, social support was seen to play an important role in the adjustment to the Japanese work culture among Thai workers at present.

Dissension Between Brother Warriors in Japanese War Tales: A Case Study of The Tale of Hōgen, The Tale of Heike, and Taiheiki

Kanapat Ruenpirom — 2024-12-17

This research aims to examine how the reasons for and resolutions of dissension between brother warriors are presented in three Japanese war tales—The Tale of Hōgen, The Tale of Heike, and Taiheiki—and to analyze how the dissension affects the future of each clan. According to the results, the causes of the dissension between brother warriors appear to shift from internal factors caused by the brothers' behaviors to external factors, including social influence from the royal court and clan warriors. Despite conflicts between the brothers, the authors typically portray one of them as willing to reconcile and resolve disagreements. In addition, the authors tend to present the dissension between the brothers as a sign of the clan’s loss of power, implying that a leader that can settle dissension has the ability to bring prosperity to the clan and provide stability for its warriors.

An Analysis of Sequence Organizations and Semantic Formulas in the Speech Act of Requests, Focusing on Situations of Borrowing Money: A Comparative Study of Japanese, Thai, and Thai Learners of Japanese

Thanit Poonvongprasert — 2024-12-17

Requests are a type of face-threatening act that can potentially lead to misunderstandings in cross-cultural communication. This study aims to comparatively analyze the sequence organizations and semantic formulas of request speech acts. Data were collected from a language corpus, with target groups including Japanese (JJ), Thai (TT), and Thai learners of Japanese (TJL), with 20 pairs in each group. The study found the following. (1) The main sequence organizations consist of three parts: <Opening>, <Request>, and <Closing>. (2) In the <Opening>, the semantic formula [Apology] was frequently used by the JJ group, while the TT and TJL groups predominantly used the semantic formula [Greeting]. The sequence of semantic formulas began with [Vocative] in the JJ group, and [Greeting] in the TT and TJL groups. (3) In the <Request>, the JJ group tended to use [Re-requests] and [Offering Conditions] more frequently, in contrast to their less frequent use in the TT and TJL groups. When analyzing the sequences of semantic formulas, it was found that JJ group had more complex and diverse patterns, whereas the TT and TJL groups had less complex sequence of semantic formulas. (4) In the <Closing>, JJ group used the semantic formulas [Apology], [Strengthening Relationships], and [Greeting] significantly more than the TT and TJL groups. The sequence of semantic formulas began with [Gratitude], followed by other semantic formulas in the JJ group, while the TT and TJL groups used only one semantic formula [Gratitude]. The results of this study highlight the characteristics of requests among Japanese, Thai, and Thai learners of Japanese, which can be applied to Japanese language education.

The Enhancement of the Morphological Awareness of Japanese Thai learners’ Lexical System Through Japanese Kanji Word Exercises

Natthira Tuptim — 2024-12-17

This study aimed to compare the morphological awareness of Thai Japanese students before and after using the Japanese kanji word exercises developed by enhancing the morphological awareness. Research tools were the exercises developed by enhancing the morphological awareness, the tests for evaluating morphological awareness and the questionnaire. The target group was 10 Thai Japanese students selected by purposive sampling who had JLPT N3 or JPT between 430-525 score or experienced 450-600 study hours with 600 kanji and 3,000 words. The results showed that students’ pretest average score was 20.70 (30 full marks) while students’ posttest average score was 25.20. When comparing the scores of both instances, it was found that the scores after using the exercises were significantly higher than those before using the exercises, with statistical significance at the .05 level. Regarding the opinions expressed, students agreed that the Japanese kanji word exercises enhance a high level in awareness (knowing, understanding, classifying) ( x̄= 4.30), and the students were more confident in predicting the meanings of words at a high level ( x̄= 4.10).

The Effectiveness of a Digital Storytelling Teaching Package for Memorizing Kanji Characters: A Case Study of Grade 10 Students

Rattikan Nawanalin — 2024-12-17

This quantitative research aimed to compare the effectiveness of two instructional methods regarding the retention of Kanji characters among grade 10 students. The study focused on two groups: an experimental group that received instruction through a digital storytelling teaching package, and a control group that engaged in a repetitive writing practice teaching package. The sample consisted of 150 grade 10 students from academic year 2022, divided equally into two groups of 75 students. All of the participants were majoring in Japanese language and had no prior experience with Kanji characters. The research employed various instruments for data collection, including a digital media storytelling teaching package, a repetitive writing practice teaching package, a pretest, and two posttests (administered immediately after the intervention and two weeks later). Data analysis was conducted using the t-test at a significance level of .05.

The results indicated a statistically significant difference in Kanji character retention between the experimental and control groups, with the experimental group demonstrating superior learning outcomes. Furthermore, when comparing the immediate posttest scores with the scores obtained two weeks later, no significant difference was observed within the experimental group (t = -.363, df = 74, p = 0.718). In contrast, the control group showed a statistically significant difference between the immediate post-test scores and the scores obtained two weeks later, at the .05 significance level (t = -2.594, df = 74, p = 0.011). These findings suggest that the digital storytelling teaching package effectively enhances the retention of Kanji characters. The use of storytelling appears to engage students by making the learning process more enjoyable, thereby increasing their focus and awareness. The narrative elements of the Kanji characters stimulated students' imagination, while the inclusion of animations and narration further reinforced their ability to memorize and recall the meanings of the characters.

Editor's Note

Yupaka Fukushima — 2024-12-17