Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences

Evaluation of policy in turtle protection in the Nagari Ampiang Parak, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia

2026-02-06T15:51:02+07:00

This research aims to describe the results of an evaluation of the Nagari
Ampiang Parak government policy on protecting turtles. This research was
conducted at the Turtle Conservation Partners location in Nagari Ampiang
Parak, Sutera District, Pesisir Selatan Regency. This research was processed
using qualitative analysis techniques, descriptive methods, and data collection
through observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The research
results show that the evaluation of the Nagari Ampiang Parak government
in turtle protection can be concluded as a whole, and its implementation
has not been optimal. One of the six indicators has been achieved well:
policy alignment. Meanwhile, the effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy,
accuracy, and responsiveness indicators have not been achieved well because
their delivery and socialization have not been optimal. In the future,
the government must focus more on optimizing policy implementation.

Policy issues in promoting the adoption of artificial intelligence in Thai public hospitals

2026-02-06T16:12:03+07:00

This study investigates policy issues concerning the leveraging of AI potential
to benefit healthcare services in public hospitals in Thailand. The study employs
qualitative research methods and draws insights from in-depth interviews with
36 key informants involved in policy support, development, or implementation
of healthcare-related AI innovations. The analysis of policy issues is facilitated
using the technological innovation system (TIS) framework. The study identifies
several issues including: inadequate mechanisms for effective innovation
dissemination, market entry barriers, unclear legitimation processes for medical
AI, resource inefficiencies, and ineffective translation of policy frameworks into
practice in innovation activities. It shows how activities within the TIS influence the
adoption of AI in public hospitals, by impacting innovation suppliers, users, and the
mechanisms connecting the suppliers to broader user bases. The study has generated
insights that benefit policymakers and relevant parties in designing better support
for promoting the development and adoption of AI innovations in public health.

Regional local wisdom as an antidote to radicalism in Indonesia

2025-11-12T15:33:29+07:00

Local wisdom is central to counteracting radicalism that is rampant in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is (1) to examine the haul tradition of KH. Ali Mas’ud is a religious figure who is believed by the community as Waliyullah; (2) Integrating the symbolic value of the haul tradition of KH. Ali Mas‘ud as an antidote to radicalism in Indonesia; (3) Analyzing the value of tolerance contained in the haul tradition of KH. Ali Mas’ud. The research method used in this research is a symbolic interpretative approach. Data were obtained qualitatively from observations and interviews with religious leaders, community leaders, pilgrims, and the people of Sidoarjo Regency. The results showed that the haul tradition of KH Ali Mas’ud, which was filled with prophetic sholawat activities, hadrah art, grand tahlil, and grand recitation, was able to involve the participation of people from various villages in the sub-district and even the district to support the implementation of the haul event, which was attended by thousands of visitors and pilgrims from various regions for approximately seven days. The values that grow in the haul event include tolerance and solidarity in the wider community. Thus, it can prevent the rise of radicalism in Sidoarjo Regency.

Public service delivery under the new public governance framework of Mae Hong Son town municipality

2026-02-06T14:48:27+07:00

This qualitative research aims (1) to study the city management model under
the new public governance concept of Mae Hong Son Town Municipality,
(2) to investigate the democratic values of the officials of Mae Hong Son
Town Municipality and its network, and (3) to draw lessons from public
governance that could make it a prototype for similar municipalities.
This study employs data from documentary analysis, semi-structured interviews,
and non-participatory observation. The results of the study clearly show that
Mae Hong Son adopted the “smart city” model as a direction for city
management by utilizing resources and technology. Utilizing technological
innovations that make Mae Hong Son a smart city comes under democratic
value enhancement. To promote democratic values in local governance,
the municipality created conditions for effective participation by allowing
the people to easily access the municipality’s databases. The municipality
relies on collaboration with its governance network in integrating with
its works to support and utilize the resources of each partner. The strengths
of Mae Hong Son Municipality come from collaboration between the
municipality and its partners, which begins with intimate clan relationships
and cultural capital. The limitations that affect the delivery of public services
under the new public governance of Mae Hong Son Municipality are the lack
of understanding and competence of the people, and the low level of
independence in administrating the work of the municipality.

From conflict to reconciliation: The role of memorialization in shaping collective memory at conflict heritage sites

2026-02-06T15:28:23+07:00

This study explores memorialization’s role in shaping collective memory
and supporting the reconciliation process at conflict sites. The focus is on
the Tugu Perlawanan Rakyat conflict monument in Sedie Jadi Village, Bener
Meriah Regency, Aceh, Indonesia. The research methods used include direct
observation, in-depth interviews, and analysis of historical documents.
study found that the Tugu Perlawanan Rakyat conflict monument in Sedie Jadi
is a visual reminder of past events and a centre for ongoing social activities and
peace education. The conflict monument in Sedie Jadi plays a significant role
in preserving collective memory and supporting reconciliation by involving all
community layers, including the younger generation. These findings differ from
previous research that viewed monuments as static structures, emphasizing
instead that these monuments serve as educational tools and instruments
to avoid cycles of revenge. The implications of this study are crucial for
developing future policies and practices in memorialization. Governments
and other stakeholders should encourage community participation in the
memorialization process and ensure that monuments serve as static symbols and
dynamic media for education and reconciliation. Additionally, further research
is needed to examine the long-term impacts of memorialization on collective
memory and reconciliation, as well as to develop more effective strategies
in various local contexts.

Public-Private-People collaborative model on food waste management in metropolitan area of Thailand

2026-02-10T08:32:51+07:00

Food waste has emerged as a critical issue in metropolitan cities globally,
including Bangkok, where it constitutes 47 percent of the total annual waste
generation. This multifaceted problem involves various stakeholders, including
the public sector, private sector, and the general public. The research aimed
to examine collaboration models among these sectors for effective food
waste management in Bangkok, Thailand. Employing a Grounded Theory
approach, data were gathered from four key informant groups: the public sector,
private sector, people sector, and academics, totaling 25 participants. The
interview process and observational surveys were carried out iteratively and
continuously in tandem with data analysis until achieving theoretical saturation.
The research findings indicated the existence of three collaborative models
for managing food waste in Bangkok: 1) Structured collaboration, 2) Loose
form of collaboration, and 3) Occasional collaboration. These collaborations
are driven by various levels of developmental direction, benefits for involved
parties, active participation of large private companies, as well as non-profit
organizations. However, challenges persist, including unclear regulations and
bureaucratic complexities, and a lack of awareness among the majority of the
population regarding reducing and separating food waste.

Satire and mockery through political caricatures against Negara Indonesia Timur (the State of East Indonesia), 1946–1950

2026-02-10T08:37:21+07:00

This article discusses satire and mockery of the State of East Indonesia
establishment (SEI, 1946–1950) through political caricatures published in the
pro-republic Revolutionary magazine. These mocking caricatures were one of
the methods used by people who did not agree with the formation of the State of
East Indonesia. There were other ways which had been done; demonstrations,
motions of no confidence in parliament, etc. As historical research, this article
uses several archives stored in the Jakarta National Archives, and the State
of East Indonesia Archives which are stored in Makassar, South Sulawesi.
Apart from archives, several newspapers published between 1946 and 1950 were
also used. Satire and mockery were aimed at two things, namely (1) the process
of establishing the SEI, which was the Dutch government’s re-colonization
project in Indonesia; and (2) the figures behind the SEI such as Hubertus van
Mook, Charles Olke van der Plas, Soekawati, and Nadjamuddin Daeng Malewa.
For pro-republican people, the establishment of the SEI and the figures behind
it were nothing more than an attempt by the Dutch to return to their power
in Indonesia which had been proclaimed on August 17, 1945.

Crime scene management for drone incidents

2026-02-10T09:21:16+07:00

Criminals could potentially exploit drones to perpetrate illicit activities as
they have become increasingly accessible. This research aims to examine
patterns of drone-related crime and develop guidelines for effective crime
scene management in drone incidents for first responders. Qualitative research
methods were employed to collect data, including document analysis,
in-depth interviews with ten key informants from law enforcement and forensic
divisions, and a focus group discussion with seven experts in policing and
digital forensics.
The research findings revealed that the patterns of drone-related crime could
be classified into five categories, including (1) personal rights violation,
(2) violations of aviation laws and regulations, (3) contraband smuggling,
(4) crimes against persons and terrorism, and (5) aerial reconnaissance
to facilitate criminal acts. The crime scene management of drone incidents
involves three main phases, namely, (1) incident notification and preparation,
(2) crime scene approach and protection, and (3) evidence collection.
Law enforcement officers should be aware of the key components of drones
and the dangers at the incident scene, conduct appropriate evidence collection,
and formulate accurate evidentiary inquiries for forensic examination.
It is suggested that future research should further develop these findings
into practical applications by creating a standardised manual for crime scene
management for drone incidents in Thailand.

Alternative justice: Exploring community justice solutions for juvenile offenders in Thailand

2026-02-10T09:27:38+07:00

This paper examines the role and effectiveness of Community Justice
Centers and Damrongdhama Centers in addressing juvenile delinquency
within Thailand’s justice system. Through qualitative research, including
interviews with community justice professionals, it explores how restorative
practices align with the Rehabilitation Theory of juvenile cases. The study
emphasizes the importance of community justice in offering alternatives to
formal legal processes, stressing early intervention, conflict resolution, and
community integration to support the rehabilitation of juvenile offenders.
While highlighting the strengths of community justice initiatives in diverting
juveniles from the traditional formal system and promoting law-abiding
communities, it also addresses challenges such as resource constraints and
limited public awareness. The paper discusses theoretical foundations such
as rehabilitation theory, diversion, and community empowerment, offering
insights into their role in mitigating juvenile delinquency. It calls for legal and
policy reforms, including a dedicated framework for community justice, clear
criteria for application, prioritization of community justice in eligible juvenile
cases, and increased public awareness and trust. This research advocates for
a comprehensive approach to juvenile justice that prioritizes equity, efficiency,
and compassion. It emphasizes the need for a responsive justice system tailored
to juvenile needs, promoting reforms that create a supportive community
environment for the rehabilitation and reintegration of young offenders.

Risk assessment of rubber plantations based on non-compliance with the FSC forest management certification standard

2026-02-10T09:33:11+07:00

The Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certifies products from rubber
plantations in Thailand for export worldwide. Therefore, access to FSC
Forest Management (FM) certification is essential, as it influences the social,
economic, and environmental sustainability of Thailand’s rubber plantations.
This study assessed the risk of rubber plantations due to non-compliance with
the FSC-FM certification standard. The methodology involved four steps:
collecting secondary data on rubber planting patterns relative to FSC-FM
standard, determining initial risks using content analysis and brainstorming,
conducting field risk assessments through in-depth interviews, FSC standard
implementation checks, and a forest resource survey, and analyzing data
to determine risk levels due to non-compliance using content analysis.
Twenty-four rubber plantations were classified into four categories: rubber
monocultures, rubber intercropping with wood-based plants, rubber
intercropping with non-wood-based plants, and rubber intercropping with
both wood and non-wood-based plants. The risk assessment revealed that
most plantations were at very low risk (136 indicators), followed by high risk,
moderate risk, and low risk (36, 20, and 19 indicators). High-risk factors were
primarily associated with compliance with the law. The study suggests
that risks related to each indicator should be addressed, and management
strategies developed to mitigate these risks before seeking FSC-FM certification.
The results of this research are beneficial to plantation managers, organization
that promotes rubber plantations, and policymakers, who can use the findings
to address the identified risks. They emphasize the development of management
strategies and adherence to FSC principles to mitigate risks and improve
compliance for expanded FSC certification for rubber plantations.

Indicator guidelines for the Green Office Standards (GOS) of Thailand

2026-02-10T09:39:33+07:00

The objective of this research article is to promote the establishment and
certification of the Green Office Standards (GOS) in Thailand by providing its
indicator-guidelines, categorized into six groups having specific aims in the work
procedure, including (1) Preparation of policies, planning work procedures,
and perpetual improvement; (2) Awareness creation through communication;
(3) Consumption of energy and other resources; (4) Management of generated
waste in the office; (5) Safeguard of the office environment; and (6) Selection of
eco-friendly products in office procurement. This research used Ethnographic
Delphi Future Research method, where the researchers selected 17 members as
a panelist of an expert group to consider their opinion and advice. GOS is important
as it aims to minimize resource usage in the daily work operation, to reduce CO2
emission from offices’ work procedure that produces an impact on the environment.
The result of the research led to the creation of GOS indicator guidelines, to help
offices that have aspirations to become certified holders of GOS certificates, and
finally concluded that the formulation of indicator guidelines of the GOS was
successful in awarding the GOS to organizations in Thailand that participated and
followed the norms according to the indicator guidelines prepared by the GOS
Management of Thailand. Following these six groups of indicator guidelines will
help to create an eco-friendly green sustainable environment for the future world too.

Empowering women in sustainable tourism development: Unleashing motivation and competence in Mandalika’s super priority destination

2026-02-10T09:44:21+07:00

The hierarchy of human needs is composed of five levels, ranging from basic
physiological demands to needs related to self-actualization. In Mandalika
as well as other parts of the world, women are becoming more and more influential
in the tourism sector. Still, not much research has been done to determine what
characteristics affect women’s motivation and ability in this field.This study
employs a mixed-method approach to gain a comprehensive understanding of
women’s motivation and competence in the tourism sector in the Mandalika
Special Economic Zone (SEZ), a super priority destination. The findings reveal that
women’s motivation and competence can be categorized into four main areas:
self-actualization, family support, economic drive, and employment opportunities.
Family support, income from tourism, and inclusive job opportunities are critical
factors influencing their work motivation. Women in this sector exhibit high
satisfaction in contributing through their skills and knowledge, with educational
background and foreign language proficiency being significant factors.
This study provides a strong foundation for designing appropriate training
programs to enhance women’s contributions to sustainable tourism in Mandalika.
The implementation of the study’s findings will provide a solid basis for
increasing women’s sustainable contributions to the tourism sector in Mandalika.

The development of the Scat singing exercises in Jazz music

2026-02-10T09:55:56+07:00

This creativity research is based on the qualitative method which aims to
(1) study knowledge of scat singing and to create scat singing exercises in
jazz music, and (2) evaluate student learning outcomes from the scat singing
exercises. This study employed the research and development method.
Research tools included structured interviews, index of item objective
congruence (IOC), and achievement evaluation forms. Data providers were four
jazz vocalists and jazz vocal instructors. The data collected were analyzed using
the content analysis approach and presented in an essay format. The results
revealed that steps for successfully practicing scat singing, consist of listening,
syllable selection, song selection and rehearsal planning. The development of
the scat singing exercises in jazz music found that the content of the exercises
was divided into three difficulty levels: easy (1), medium (2), and difficult
(3) and created in the form of video files, which were under the concept of jazz
theory. The harmony included ii-V-I patterns, dominant seventh chords, and
ascending and descending chromatic. The melody included non-harmonic tones
(upper and lower neighboring tones), harmonic tones, tension notes, and
enclosures. The rhythms included eighth notes, triplets, and quarter notes.
There are twenty exercises and three levels of difficulty. The effective scat
singing practice relies on having basic musical skills, especially those involving
listening and imitating examples. The results of the scat singing evaluation from
the target group of 20 participants, all first-year undergraduate students aged
18 or older majoring in jazz music, indicated a high level. The average score
of knowledge and understanding was 4.19 with a standard deviation of 0.45
(M = 4.19, SD = 0.45). The average score of application was 4.30 with
a standard deviation of 0.53 (M = 4.30, SD = 0.53).

Guidelines for the conservation and inheritance of the lotus culture: A case study of Pathum Thani Province, Thailand

2026-02-10T09:59:25+07:00

Lotus has been a symbol of religious significance in Thai society and culture
since ancient times. The inheritance of values and beliefs regarding the lotus
reflects its enduring societal importance in Thailand, particularly in areas
with local historical ties to lotus cultivation. This study aims to identify the
conditions that influence the conservation and inheritance of lotus culture,
employing qualitative research methods such as document analysis, in-depth
interviews, focus group discussions, and participatory observation. The study
area is Pathum Thani Province, Thailand. Findings reveal that internal
conditions influencing lotus culture conservation and inheritance include:
(1) local historical background of Pathum Thani Province; (2) awareness of
Pathum Thani’s identity and (3) cultural reproduction, and perceptions of the
lotus. External conditions include: (1) adaptation necessity; (2) economic
conditions, and (3) political conditions. Strategies for lotus culture conservation
and inheritance include: (1) promotion and support across the lotus lifecycle;
(2) application of technology in conservation efforts; (3) continuous and
equitable collaboration among government, private sector, and communities,
and (4) establishment of cultural networks both within and beyond community
boundaries. The guidelines for the conservation and inheritance of the lotus
culture emphasize fostering a collective sense of cultural ownership through
the participation of all stakeholders, such as families, educational institutions,
and various sectors. Modern technology, including digital platforms, is utilized
to promote cultural dissemination. Additionally, collaborative efforts between
the community, government, and private sectors are essential to ensure cultural
sustainability. Building networks is also crucial to strengthen and drive cultural
conservation efforts further.

Assessment of university teaching through critical analysis of student feedback

2026-02-10T10:04:36+07:00

Student feedback has become a critical element in higher education, shaping
the evolution of pedagogical strategies and academic practices. As universities
increasingly emphasize student-centered approaches, understanding how
faculty members perceive and respond to feedback is essential for improving
teaching quality and educational outcomes. The objective of this study was to
examine of faculty members’ perceptions of student feedback at the Milagro
State University (UNEMI). A quantitative, descriptive design was employed,
utilizing stratified random sampling to collect data from 460 faculty members.
A structured digital survey was used to gather responses, and data were
analyzed using SPSS. The findings indicated that while student feedback is
generally perceived as valuable, it is not always constructive. Direct interactions
(83%) and written communication (71%) were the most common channels for
feedback. Feedback moderately influenced teaching practices, with 22 percent
of faculty acknowledging its contribution to teaching improvement. However,
concerns about negative feedback and its potential impact on teaching methods
persisted. The study concludes that institutional support is crucial for helping
educators effectively interpret and apply feedback. Future research should
broaden the scope to include diverse academic contexts and explore long-term
feedback impact.

Integration of TPACK Model in Islamic Religious Education Curriculum: An Analysis of Readiness and Barriers

2026-02-10T10:17:24+07:00

Over the past decade, rapid technological advancements have significantly
impacted various sectors, including education. In the context of Islamic
religious education, integrating technology presents both opportunities and
challenges, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of how to effectively
blend technology with teaching content and values. However, research on the
readiness and obstacles in implementing the TPACK model within the Islamic
religious education curriculum is still limited. This study utilized a qualitative
approach with case studies of five senior high schools in Pekanbaru to explore
these issues. The results show significant variations in technology adoption and
teacher readiness across the schools. Key factors in overcoming technological
challenges include institutional support and professional training, with some
schools achieving success through long-term investments in immersive
technologies like AR and VR. These findings highlight the importance of
adaptive and innovative approaches to address technological barriers in
education. Theoretically, this study enhances the literature by providing
empirical evidence on the crucial role of institutional support and professional
training. Practically, it offers guidance for educational institutions to improve
teacher and student readiness for technology integration. Although the study is
limited by its small sample size, it provides valuable insights and recommends
future research to explore new educational technologies further. Continuous
investment in educational technology, sufficient professional training, and
strong institutional support are essential for effective technology integration
in Islamic religious education. These findings contribute to both theoretical
understanding and practical applications, offering solutions to enhance
educational quality through technology.

The effectiveness of problem based learning flipped classroom on students’ higher order mathematical thinking skills based on initial ability

2026-02-10T10:49:06+07:00

High-order mathematical thinking skills are needed for prospective teachers to support
them in becoming professional teachers. The aim of this study was to examine the
effectiveness of the Problem Based Learning Flipped Classroom (PBLFC) model in
improving students’ Higher-Order Mathematical Thinking Skills (HOMTS) based
on Initial Ability (IA) and to examine the effect of low, medium, high IA groups and
the model used on improving HOMTS. This research employed a quasi-experimental
quantitative approach, focusing on second-semester students enrolled in the Introduction
to Probability course during the 2020/2021 academic year in the Mathematics Education
Study Program at Universitas Negeri Semarang. The study utilized a Randomized
Control Group Pre-test Post-test Design, with a sample of 71 students randomly assigned,
comprising 35 students in the experimental group and 36 students in the control group.
Data were obtained using the test method and processed with N-Gain analysis, t test,
and one-way ANOVA, and two-way ANOVA. The results of this study showed that
there was an improvement in students’ HOMTS through the implementation of PBLFC
for all IA groups, the improvement in students’ HOMTS through the implementation of
PBLFC was higher than that of Problem Based Learning (PBL) class, for medium and
low IA, the improvement in HOMTS in PBLFC class was higher than that of PBL class,
which means that the PBLFC model is effective in improvement of students’ HOMTS,
especially in medium and low IA. There is an influence of IA group and the model used
on the improvement of students’ HOMTS. The implications of this research are that
PBLFC can be employed as an efficacious strategy for enhancing students’ HOMTS,
particularly for those with initial abilities that are below average. Furthermore, it can
be utilized as an alternative learning approach that facilitates the advancement of future
teacher professionalism. The findings of this study also have the potential to be pursued
with qualitative research to elucidate the underlying factors that contribute to the lack of
significant improvement in HOMTS among high IA.

The development of activity program for enhancing physical fitness and quality of life of the elderly

2026-02-10T10:54:25+07:00

This study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of an activity program
in enhancing the physical fitness and quality of life for the elderly. The methods
included: 1) The program development is based on Pender’s Health Enhancing
Theory and Protection Motivation Theory. The program’s quality is assessed
by examining the IOC. 2) The program’s effectiveness was assessed by using
60 purposively selected elderly who volunteered and passed the Inclusion criterion.
The data were collected three times: before the experiment, after the experiment
4 weeks and 8 weeks, and were analyzed by means, standard deviation, ANOVA
with repeated measures, post hoc multiple comparisons Scheffe and t-test at
the statistical significance level of 0.05. The research findings were as follows:
1) The development of the activity program consisted of 8 different activities:
self-assessment, knowledge of the elderly, recreation for health, aerobic exercise,
exercise using elastic, yoga, relaxation, and group counseling. The eight activities
had an aggregate IOC of 0.96. 2) The effectiveness of the activity program
development found that the average scores of physical fitness and quality of life of
the experimental group and control group were significantly different at .05 levels
after the 4th week and 8th week. The research findings reveal the effectiveness of
the activity program for enhancing physical fitness and quality of life of elderly
progressive conditions.

Integrating character education and peer dynamics to cultivate entrepreneurship in Islamic boarding school students

2026-02-10T10:59:09+07:00

Character education is a fundamental aspect of the educational system,
aiming to develop individuals with strong moral and ethical values. In the
context of modern Islamic boarding schools, the integration of character
education with peer dynamics and entrepreneurship has been under-researched
comprehensively. This study employs a quantitative design with a survey
approach to analyze the influence of character education and peer interaction
on the entrepreneurial spirit of students. The results indicate that the variables
of character education and peer interaction significantly influence the students’
independence, with high validity and reliability tests. These findings underscore
the importance of a holistic approach in boarding school education to
effectively develop students’ character and entrepreneurial skills. Theoretically,
this study enriches the literature on character education and entrepreneurship,
while practically, the results provide concrete guidance for boarding school
administrators in designing an integrative curriculum. This study has limitations
in terms of sample size and methodology, suggesting further research with
a larger sample and diverse methods to deepen understanding.

Indonesian’s pre-service history teachers’ perspectives on teaching difficult history in the framework of peace education

2026-02-10T11:06:00+07:00

Teaching traumatic violent events of the past is part of difficult history for
most teachers. These burdens manifested and escalated when pre-service
history teachers were asked to conceptualize lesson plans to teach difficult
history topics, such as the killings of alleged Dukun Santet (sorcerers) in East
Java around 1998. Through a sequential explanatory design, this study aims
to explore the perspectives of 49 prospective history teachers in Indonesia.
The results of this study indicate that their teaching perspectives are influenced
and shaped by their historical perspectives in viewing the events to be taught.
Meanwhile, their historical perspectives depend on their critical thinking
level in analyzing primary sources. Three levels of critical thinking emerged,
each determining the teaching perspective chosen by research participants.
These three teaching perspectives can be implemented by history teachers
who intend to teach difficult history in the context of peace education.
In this framework, students are expected not only to understand what happened
in the past but also be able to acquire lesson learned to prevent similar
dark events being repeated in the future.

Secondary school academic management strategies based on the concept of skills development for the green economy

2026-02-10T11:16:05+07:00

The aim of this analysis was to examine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities,
and threats related to academic management in secondary schools, as well as to
develop academic administration management strategies based on the concept of
skills development for the green economy. The study applied a multi-phase mixed
method. In the first phase of the study, a multi-stage random sampling method
was used to select 341 secondary schools to comprise survey groups. The school
director, head of academic affairs, head of each subject department, and academic
teachers at each school were among the 1,705 providers approached to participate.
Five-level rating scale questionnaires were used in this analysis, and 70.56 percent
of the distributed questionnaires were returned. Frequency distribution, percentages,
means, standard deviations, PNIModified
, and content analysis were used to analyze
the data. Based on the results of the first phase, a focus group was conducted to
create academic administration management strategies. Three main strategies were
identified for managing academic administration, which include: (1) to establish
educational institutions in order to improve the green environment curriculum,
which includes 2 sub-strategies; (2) to improve the standard of teaching and learning
to develop students’ skills for the green economy, which includes 2 sub-strategies;
and (3) to modify the evaluation and appraisal of student learning capabilities
for the green economy, which includes 2 sub-strategies.

Promoting youth civic engagement using a multi-sector partnership approach: A case study of provincial Thailand

2026-02-10T11:26:29+07:00

Youth civic engagement (YCE) is a positive development method for fostering
skill sets and social mindsets among young people. Previous research has
indicated that supporting YCE requires multisector cooperation to create
a youth development ecosystem. However, little is known of how to effectively
manage such an ecosystem, specifically, in terms of identifying a lead
organization and understanding its role. This study addresses a significant
gap in the literature by examining collaborative models, mechanisms, and
processes of YCE and synthesizing a YCE model. It used a case study design
and took a qualitative research approach. In all, 60 participants were selected,
including youths, government officials, representatives of nongovernmental
organizations, members of local administration associations, community
leaders, and parents through purposive sampling methods. Data were collected
from project reports, participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and focus
group discussions and were analyzed using thematic analysis. A systematic
model to support YCE consists of both social and learning processes.
The social process involves supporting and actualizing youth learning experiences.
The lead organization fulfills three main functions: (1) engagement management,
(2) capital management, and (3) knowledge management. Furthermore,
the learning processes aimed at supporting youth experiences include studying
community issues, creating community development projects, and reflecting
on the learning experience. The results of this research indicate changing
perspectives on supporting youth development from one-off activities to
the connectivity of all sectors to jointly develop youth in a systematic fashion.
It helps the policy sector formulate youth development policies valuing
all provincial-level participants.

The effect of transparency on learning organizations mediated by knowledge sharing

2026-02-10T11:32:17+07:00

Developing a learning organization in an elementary school setting in Indonesia
necessitates a comprehensive approach that includes cultivating a culture of
continuous learning, collaboration, and creativity among teachers, students,
and administrators. One critical facet of this is improving elementary school
teachers’ instructional skills. This study sought to evaluate the impact of
transparency and information sharing on learning organizations. The research
participants were 242 elementary school teachers in West Java, Indonesia,
who were surveyed online. Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square
(SEM-PLS) was involved to test the data collected and the proposed model.
The results show that transparency and knowledge sharing have a direct
effect on the learning organization. This study also notes the indirect effect
of transparency on the learning organization through knowledge sharing.
The main point of this study is that the learning organization can be predicted
by transparency and knowledge sharing. The study also notes that the teaching
competence of elementary school teachers in Indonesia can be improved
through a learning organization.

Validation of students blended learning course experience in Thai medical education

2026-02-10T11:39:02+07:00

Blended learning is a widely used method in education to promote active learning
and enhance students’ learning outcomes. Therefore, evaluating the quality
of blended learning courses requires an effective model for benchmarking,
which can improve student satisfaction and is crucial for quality assurance in
higher education. This study aimed to validate and examine student’s blended
learning course experience in Thai medical education using a quantitative
research design. A total of 560 medical students from a large medical school in
Thailand participated. Data analysis was conducted using Confirmatory Factor
Analysis (CFA). The findings indicate that components and indicators were:
(1) general skills with six indicators, (2) online sessions with five indicators,
(3) clear goals and standards with four indicators, (4) good teaching with
six indicators, (5) appropriate assessment with four indicators, and
(6) appropriate workload with three indicators. The second order CFA
demonstrated that the student blended learning course experience model
had an acceptable fit with χ2 (249) = 1.148, p = .056, RMSEA = .016,
RMR = .005, SRMR = .05, GFI = .995, AGFI = .995, NFI = .961, and CFI = .995.
These findings could contribute to the development of guidelines for designing
a medicine bachelor’s degree curriculum that incorporates blended learning
methods.

The development of a plagiarism instructional package to enhance undergraduate students’ plagiarism knowledge, awareness, and behavior

2026-02-10T11:49:37+07:00

This research aimed to (1) develop an instructional package for teaching
research plagiarism ethics to undergraduate students; and (2) investigate the
effects of the instructional package on undergraduate students’ plagiarism
knowledge, awareness, and behavior. The research methodology was
quasi-experimental research using the two-group pretest-posttest design,
where the experimental group received the pretest, the instructional package,
and the posttest. In contrast, the control group was administered both
the pretest and posttest without exposure to the instructional package.
Participants were 62 undergraduate students from the Research for Learning
and Teaching Development (RLTD) course. Research instruments included
a knowledge four-option multiple-choice test, an awareness five-point
Likert scale, and a three-point analytical rubric behavioral checklist with
five dimensions. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and ANCOVA—
the instructional package comprised learning objectives, teaching, teaching
materials, and an assessment. After receiving the instructional package,
experimental-group students’ plagiarism knowledge and awareness increased
at a statistical significance of .05. Moreover, the experimental group gained
more significant knowledge than the control group at a statistical significance
of .05. However, no significant difference in awareness was found between
the two groups. Students receiving feedback on research proposals
showed more significant ethical research behavior than those receiving no
feedback.

The relationship between transformational leadership, teachers’ organizational commitment, and job satisfaction: An integrated investigation using meta-analysis and structural equation modeling

2026-02-10T12:44:20+07:00

This study employs meta-analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM)
to examine the relationships between transformational leadership, teachers’
organizational commitment, and job satisfaction. Meta-analysis shows
significantly positive effects of transformational leadership on job satisfaction
(effect size = 0.65) and teachers’ organizational commitment (effect size
= 0.579), with a significant correlation between teachers’ organizational
commitment and job satisfaction (effect size =0.681). SEM analysis further
indicates direct effects of transformational leadership on teachers’ job
satisfaction (0.365) and organizational commitment (0.646), as well as a direct
effect of teachers’ organizational commitment on job satisfaction (0.548).
Crucially important is that teachers’ organizational commitment serves as
a mediator between transformational leadership and job satisfaction, with the
estimated mediation effect of 0.354. These findings highlight the importance
of enhanced transformational leadership to fostering teachers’ organizational
commitment and job satisfaction. Future research may deepen into the dimensions
and interactions of these variables by adopting a multimethod research design.

Productive disposition in mathematical problem solving of STEM students and its correlation to their mathematical achievement

2026-02-10T12:50:11+07:00

The Philippines continues to struggle with low performance in Mathematics,
as indicated by the latest findings from the 2022 Program for International
Student Assessment (PISA). Despite efforts to implement reforms following
disappointing results in 2018, less than a quarter of Filipino students reached
the minimum proficiency level in Mathematics. The country’s scores remain
below the global average, with only 16 percent of students achieving basic
proficiency in math. Despite ongoing reforms, the Philippines faces a significant
challenge in improving student performance on a global scale. As a result,
the main objective of this study is to improve the academic achievement of
the students, particularly in Mathematics. The researcher used an explanatory
sequential design, combining quantitative and qualitative methods to achieve
comprehensive results. This approach involves analyzing quantitative data
first, followed by qualitative insights to deepen understanding of the problem.
The quantitative analysis revealed a non-significant correlation between
productive disposition and mathematical achievement, challenging the
presumption of a direct relationship between these variables. This suggests that
factors beyond productive disposition alone influence academic performance
in mathematics. To explore this further, qualitative analysis was conducted,
identifying five key factors contributing to positive productive disposition:
resilience, empowerment, relevance, adaptability, and ingenuity. These
attributes collectively enhance students’ success in learning mathematics.
Additionally, participants perceived a significant impact of positive productive
disposition on various aspects of mathematical learning, including enjoyment,
persistence, performance, confidence, and relevance. This highlights the
importance of fostering a positive disposition alongside developing knowledge
and skills for substantial achievement in mathematics.

Path analysis of factors influencing identity in graduates from the Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University

2026-02-10T12:54:40+07:00

This study investigates the factors influencing identity development among
710 graduates from Kasetsart University’s Faculty of Forestry. Using path
analysis, the research identifies integrity, commitment, knowledge application,
and adaptability as significant predictors of graduate identity. The findings
suggest that teamwork and fighting spirit are dependent variables, predicted
at 60 percent and 48 percent, respectively. These results have practical
implications for curriculum development and skill enhancement initiatives
aimed at maintaining graduate identity and meeting societal expectations.

Adolescent cognitive development and logical reasoning: A phenomenological study

2026-02-10T13:01:17+07:00

This study examines the relationship between cognitive development and
logical reasoning abilities among Indonesian high school science students.
We drew upon Piaget’s cognitive development theory to gain insight into
how students at different stages of cognitive development engage with logical
reasoning tasks. Our study encompassed a range of logical reasoning abilities,
including control of variables, proportional reasoning, probabilistic thinking,
correlational reasoning, and combinatorial logic. A phenomenological approach
was employed to qualitatively analyze modified Tests of Logical Thinking
(TOLT) assessments from Tobin and Capie (1981) and student interviews.
After obtaining TOLT data, interviews were conducted to ensure the interpretation
that had been made. Data analysis was done by organizing and interpreting data,
reducing data, and drawing conclusions. The findings reveal distinct patterns of
logical reasoning proficiency across cognitive stages. Students at the concrete
operational stage exhibited significant challenges, those at the transitional
stage demonstrated partial mastery, and those at the formal operational stage
displayed advanced reasoning skills, albeit with occasional errors. These results
highlight the importance of tailoring educational interventions to students’
cognitive levels to enhance logical thinking and problem-solving abilities.

The development of ethnic settlement formation in Jambi Region, Indonesia: Tracing the history and development of the port city area

2026-02-10T13:05:37+07:00

Jambi is one of the historical areas that underwent a transformation from
a traditional to a modern area. The development process has resulted in the
formation of settlements that have been interesting to study in recent decades:
ethnic settlements in Jambi. The purpose of this research is to explore the
formation of ethnic settlements in Jambi. The method used in this research is
the 4 stages of the historical method – heuristics (source collection), source
criticism (internal and external criticism), interpretation (interpretation),
and historiography (historical writing). In addition, an ethnohistorical approach
is also used to obtain more comprehensive results. The results showed
that ethnic settlements emerged gradually in Jambi. In the early stages,
ethnic settlement locations were scattered irregularly, then organized by
race and class, and finally developed into ethnic settlement locations.
The formation of ethnic settlements in Jambi Harbor was influenced by regional
morphology and political government factors at each stage.

Experimental teaching status of biology knowledge of natural science subject for 7th grade at some secondary schools in the Mekong Delta

2026-02-10T13:10:45+07:00

Practical experiments are an indispensable part of the student’s learning
process. Students also have the opportunity to develop their skills when
participating in practical experimental activities. Thus, the study investigated
the status of teaching practical experiments on Biology knowledge in the
Natural Science subject 7 in some Secondary schools in the Mekong Delta.
Previous studies on laboratory practice had only focused on specific aspects
and did not provide a general and comprehensive view. The project used survey
and data analysis methods with 31 teachers surveyed at secondary schools in
the Mekong Delta. The study showed that most teachers assessed the capacity
for laboratory practice and clearly understood the primary purpose of laboratory
practice. Teachers used the internet as a leading source of information for
reference. Blended teaching was a popular method and was favored by teachers.
Teacher evaluations showed that the training was efficient, although secondary
school facilities and equipment were still limited. Gender and age factors
did not significantly affect teachers’ perceptions of students. Teachers’
lesson plans were prepared according to official dispatch form 5512 to
develop students’ abilities. Recommendations in the article included regular
teacher training and investment in school equipment and facilities. These
recommendations emphasized strengthening teachers’ professional capacity
through regular training and improving facilities to support teaching and
learning activities.

Developing indicators of executive functions in preschool children at 3–4 years in Thailand

2026-02-10T13:16:41+07:00

The objective of this study was to develop executive function indicators
for Thai children aged 3–4 years. The study methodology was designed to
improve executive function indicators and assessment tools. The research
participants in this study were 389 children from 18 schools in 6 regions
of Thailand. The samples were determined using multistage sampling.
The instrument used to collect data was an executive function assessment
form. Data were analysed using second-order confirmatory factor analysis.
Regarding executive functions in preschool children aged 3–4 years, there
were 3 components and 9 indicators, consisting of: (1) working memory
with 3 indicators: memorizing and recalling, bringing information to use in
a timely manner, and linking ideas; (2) inhibitory control with 3 indicators:
restrained interests, resisting interference, and suppressing needs; and
(3) cognitive flexibility with 3 indicators: adapting behavior, adjusting action
plans, and changing needs. The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the
model fit the empirical data (χ2 = 27.95, df = 21, p value = .14, (χ2/df = 1.33,
GFI = 0.98, AGFI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.03, and standardized RMR = 0.02).

Dehumanization in Javanese metaphorical insults

2026-02-10T13:22:06+07:00

This study employs a descriptive-analytical qualitative method to investigate the
utilization of metaphorical insults in the Javanese language through the perspective
of social semantics with regard to dehumanization. Metaphorical insults that
compare humans with non-humans have metaphorical implications. The research
aims to understand the emotional connotations of insults that associate humans
with non-human entities, such as anger, hatred, or even closeness. The findings
demonstrate that insults referencing animals are often employed as curses, based
on the nature of the animal in question. Additionally, the study reveals that insults
referencing inanimate objects are rooted in their functions, values, or negative
qualities. Furthermore, the study posits that metaphorical insults referencing plants
or plant parts tend to be based on the perceived value or qualities of the plant,
the change of a certain plant’s form, as well as disproportionate juxtaposition.
These insults referencing plants can be considered as a new form of dehumanization.
The study concludes that metaphorical insults constitute a soft form of symbolic
violence in Javanese society, perpetuated through language as a cultural and
social practice wherein one individual exerts dominance over another.

Erau Festival, a tourism product from East Kalimantan as a commercial profit

2026-02-10T13:33:40+07:00

Cultural events embedded in art create a cultural art product in the form of
a festival, thereby giving the festival a purpose in its organization. The purpose
of cultural festivals is to boost tourism and showcase superior local products
rooted in local wisdom. The present research investigates the development of
Erau as a profitable tourism product for local communities and the government.
The research employs qualitative methods, involving direct observations and
interviews with informants from diverse backgrounds, including government
officials, using both structured and unstructured questions. Data collection is
carried out in stages following the process during participation in the traditional
Erau and Erau Festival. Data analysis involves describing, understanding,
interpreting, and clarifying the data in detail, as well as verifying such with
triangulation techniques. The results show that the material profit from the Erau
Festival holds significant value for long-term economic resilience, impacting
the regional economy and being overseen by local governments. The tendency
of the government with capital to act as a financier has the power to shape the
development of Erau into a high-value tourism product. Erau’s distinction of
evolving into an Erau festival as a tourism product can attract investors or major
players who have significant capital to enter and develop a tourism enterprise.

The influence of mental health on life satisfaction mediated by self-rated health: A study of Thai older adults

2026-02-10T13:39:14+07:00

This study aimed to validate a model that explored the relationship between
mental health and life satisfaction, with self-rated health acting as a mediator.
Secondary data from the 2021 research project “Health, Aging, and Retirement
in Thailand (Wave 3)” were analyzed. The sample consisted of 3,156 respondents
aged 50 years and older. The research findings revealed that mental health
indirectly affected life satisfaction (β 0.376). Additionally, self-rated health
directly affected life satisfaction (β 0.794) and mediated the relationship
between mental health and life satisfaction among Thai older adults.
These results suggested that the model aligned well with the empirical data.
Data analysis enables policymakers and health professionals to effectively
make evidence-based decisions that address social and health issues.

Integration of Theravāda Buddhist wisdom and virtue for sustainable development in the 21st century

2026-02-10T08:45:28+07:00

This paper aims to point out the integration of Theravāda Buddhist wisdom
and virtue for sustainable development in the 21st century. Buddhism, with
its rich philosophical and ethical foundations, has long been recognized for
its potential to contribute to personal and societal well-being. However, in the
face of contemporary challenges such as globalization, rapid technological
advancements, and environmental crises, there is a need to adapt Buddhist
teachings and practices to effectively address these issues. The integration
proposed in this paper advocates for the specific Buddhist teachings into the
sustainable development framework, focusing specifically on the cultivation of
wisdom and virtue. It recognizes the interconnectedness of individuals, societies,
and the environment, and seeks to foster holistic development that balances
material progress with spiritual well-being. Drawing on traditional Theravāda
teachings, the integration emphasizes the importance of mindfulness, wisdom,
and ethical conduct as the foundation for personal and collective transformation.
It explores how these principles can be applied in various spheres of life,
including education, economics, governance, and environmental stewardship.
The integration of Buddhism into sustainable development involves adapting
traditional practices to contemporary contexts while preserving their essence
and authenticity. Integrating Buddhism into the sustainable development
discourse thus contributes to the holistic well-being of people and the planet in
the 21st century and beyond.

A critical review of processing mechanisms and moderating factors in L2 conceptual metaphor comprehension

2026-02-10T09:51:30+07:00

Metaphors are fundamental to human cognition and language but present
significant challenges for second language (L2) learners due to the unpredictability
of figurative meanings and the cognitive demands required for processing.
While much research has focused on metaphor comprehension in first-language
contexts, there is still limited understanding of the specific difficulties faced by
L2 learners. This review examines the mechanisms and factors that influence
L2 metaphor comprehension, emphasizing their limitations in forming
a comprehensive picture of how learners’ strategies, conceptual transfers,
and neural processes interact. Critical issues include processing mechanism
inconsistencies and research methodology inadequacies, particularly the lack
of cross-linguistic analysis and insufficient data triangulation. Our findings
address the need for cross-linguistic interdisciplinary approaches, improved
research designs, and methodological triangulation to capture the complexity of
L2 metaphor comprehension more accurately. This review offers directions for
advancing future research to develop a more comprehensive understanding of
how cognitive and linguistic elements interact in L2 metaphor comprehension.

Analysis of errors in reading English academic texts: A new approach for university students

2026-02-10T10:42:39+07:00

This study delves into the analysis of errors and difficulties encountered by
students in reading academic English texts, a critical aspect of higher education
that directly impacts academic success. Utilizing a qualitative research
methodology, the research primarily focuses on identifying the nature and
types of reading challenges faced by non-native English-speaking students
at the university level. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and
analysis of reading responses from a diverse cohort of 50 university students
in TBI class. The findings revealed a predominant occurrence of lexical and
syntactic misunderstandings, leading to misinterpretation of academic texts.
Furthermore, the study highlights issues related to the complexity of academic
jargon and structural intricacies of English academic writing, which pose
significant hurdles in comprehension. The research also uncovers a correlation
between the students’ reading habits and their comprehension levels, suggesting
that infrequent engagement with English texts outside the academic curriculum
contributes to these difficulties. This study not only catalogues specific error
types but also explores the underlying factors contributing to these challenges,
such as the educational background of students and their previous exposure
to English. The implications of this research are substantial for curriculum
designers and educators, emphasizing the need for tailored reading strategies
and interventions to enhance comprehension skills in academic English.
These strategies may include focused vocabulary enhancement programs,
syntax simplification techniques, and context-based learning approaches.
Overall, this study provides a comprehensive insight into the obstacles faced
by non-native English speakers in academic reading, laying the groundwork for
effective pedagogical reforms.