Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences

Regime type and Thailand’s foreign policy position, 1950–2020: Some statistical evidence

2023-09-14T15:28:35+07:00

Despite applying various theoretical lenses, methodological diversity is less observed in the literature on Thai foreign policy. Quantitative analysis of Thailand’s international relations is scarce, which leads to a methodological gap. This study aims to fill this gap by addressing the simple yet essential question: is regime type (i.e., dictatorship or democracy) related to Thailand’s foreign policy position? Regime type is operationalized by the Bjørnskov–Rode regime data and Thailand’s international position by the (foreign policy) similarity score of the Thailand–United States dyad using Cohen’s kappa (κ) statistics. The κ score can serve as a measurement of Thailand’s satisfaction level with the American world order, postulating its international alignment. Using correlation, cross-tabulation, and chi-square analyses, we identified a negative significant relationship between regime type and the κ score for the Thailand–United States dyad during the period 1950–2020. That is, democracy in Thailand is related to its low satisfaction level with the United States. This satisfaction level with the United States-led international order does not necessarily indicate that Bangkok would closely align with Beijing. Methodological limitations render the results tentative, and further quantitative research on Thai foreign policy is required.

The politics of Chao Anouvong monument and deconstruction of king representation in present-day Laos

2023-09-14T15:35:21+07:00

This paper explores two questions. First, what causes the association between the monarchy, the past Lao political regime, and its revival and reuse to create political legitimacy for the Lao government under the current social context? Second, what are the political implications behind the construction of the many Lao king monuments by the government? How is it related to legitimization and creation of political power? This study analyzes the process of deconstructing the monument of an important Lao king, Chao Anouvong, a historically important figure in Laos, known as a “heroic king” who had fought for the independence of Laos and who is widely acknowledged by the Lao people. This paper aims to point out the political implications linked to the belief behind the construction of the monument of Lao kings, a political symbol that was overthrown by the government but is now revived, and the use of Chao Anouvong’s image to build political power for the Lao government with the new sense of nationalism. This shows that the Lao government uses historical figures to raise awareness of the value of Lao nationalism through the Lao cultural heritage. It also helps create legitimacy for the Lao government’s operation.

Social impact and social return on investment of the potential development project for elderly care service in Mae Mok subdistrict, Thoen district, Lampang province

2023-09-14T15:40:05+07:00

This research study aimed to assess social impact and social return on investment of the potential development project for elderly care service, community enterprise of the exemplary community: Mae Mok subdistrict, Thoen district, Lampang province. This research was qualitative with a mixed data-collection methodology containing documentary research, focus group, and in-depth interview with the project’s founders and stakeholders. The analyses conducted the social impact assessment (SIA) and social return on investment (SROI) using the theory of change, impact value chain, indicators, deadweight, attribution, drop-off, and financial proxy. The four essential informants of this research study were: (1) elderly caregivers; (2) elderly caregivers’ families; (3) clients; and (4) villagers (members of the community, Mae Mok subdistrict). The study results showed that the social impact included the community’s economic change - creating employment and raising incomes; social change—being more respected and feeling proud of becoming an elderly caregiver in one’s hometown, and environmental change—utilizing the community’s natural capital to benefit community’s members. The SROI ratio was 1:5.83, which indicates that every 1 baht of investment delivers 5.83 baht of social value back to all stakeholders.

Job crafting amongst the Thai workforce: The influences of occupational future time perspective, age, and proactive personality

2023-09-14T15:47:35+07:00

Previous research suggests that occupational future time perspective (OFTP), age, and proactive personality (PP) are significantly positively linked to proactive behaviors, (for instance, job search intensity). Our cross-sectional correlational study explored the variables in the context of job crafting (JC), another motivation-driven occupational behavior. Our study extended the existing research on PP and OFTP (i.e., Zacher, 2013) in the context of job crafting. We distributed online surveys which contained JC, PP, and OFTP scale items, collecting data from 155 full-time employees within organizations in Thailand. With JC, employees modify their job interms of work tasks, cognitions, and relationships to satisfy demands. Thus, our study aimed to examine the relationships between PP, OFTP, and age, and their influences on JC. We found that a PP was positively related to JC (H1). The relationship between age and JC was inconsistent with our prediction, showing a nonsignificant, and positive relationship with JC (H2). Furthermore, age did not moderate the PP-JC relationship (H3, H5). OFTP was also found to mediate the age-JC relationship (H4). Our findings provide better understanding of the factors influencing JC and the similarities to and differences from job search intensity, another self-initiated behavior, which may inform interventions for improving occupational outcomes.

Beyond traditional demographic profile: Generation Y lifestyle typologies in Thailand

2023-09-14T15:51:18+07:00

This study primarily aims to identify emerging lifestyle typologies of Generation Y consumers in Thailand. A total of 126 statements were developed and scrutinized using an AIOs (Activities, Interests, Opinions) approach. Survey method was employed through the use of questionnaires to collect data from 1,265 Generation Y consumers, born between 1977 and 1994, across Thailand. Based on the results of the exploratory factor analysis, six distinct lifestyle segments were discovered, namely Hedonic-focused, Future-focused, Practical-oriented, Online-active, Tradition-focused, and Money-focused. Each segment has its own outstanding characteristics. The findings expose the nuances of Generation Y consumers, which will lay the foundations for local and global businesses to target the right market and design precise marketing communication strategies to suit each unique lifestyle in Thailand.

A paradigm for developing measures to tackle fake news on the internet

2023-09-14T15:55:08+07:00

The objectives of the research were: (1) to study the problem of fake news on the internet in Thailand; (2) to make a comparative analysis of state measures to control fake news on the Internet of Germany, France, Singapore, and Thailand; and (3) to present a paradigm appropriate to tackle fake news on the Internet in Thailand. The methodology employed documentary research, online interviews, online group discussions, online questionnaires, and online seminars. The results showed that: (1) most people in Thailand have insufficient knowledge and understanding of fake news. Even educated adults are used to being victims of fake news on the Internet; and (2) Germany, France, and Singapore have enacted new laws to cope with fake news on the Internet whereas only Sections 14 (2), 14 (5), and 15 of the Computer-Related Crime Act B.E. 2550 tackle the fake news problem on the Internet in Thailand. The research suggests that Thailand should: (1) increase knowledge and understanding about digital literacy among people of all ages and raise awareness about the use of communication technology, especially the development and containment of digital literacy subject in compulsory courses at primary, secondary and university levels; (2) amend the Computer-Related Crime Act B.E. 2550, particularly Section 14 (2), to address the current problem of fake news on the Internet; and (3) support the establishment of an independent anti-fake news institution.

Re-conceptualizing Toponyms as the repository of Moken traditional ecological knowledge: A case study of Surin Islands

2023-09-14T15:58:09+07:00

Toponyms or place names are a crucial language component in every language. They usually represent topographic environment or cultural elements of specific groups or areas. Toponyms constitute the linkage between humans and the landscapes surrounding them. Further, toponyms are the repository of traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) of each individual group. Moken people in Surin Islands store various kinds of ecological knowledge in their Moken toponyms. In view of the foregoing, this research aims to disclose the repository of Moken people to illustrate the traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) underpinning the toponyms. This study adopted the TEK framework as proposed by Jones (2016) to reveal the findings. This research is a qualitative study based on 94 toponyms in the Moken language and culture documentation project (Klatalay et al., 2013; Kraisame 2016; 2018). Salient findings indicated that the structure of Moken toponyms consists of a primary element and a core element. Specifically, Moken people use lexicons relating to beach, rock/stone and coral, cape, island, and direction as topographical names in the primary element, whereas those relating to subsistence names, social names, memory names, and religio-spiritual names are used in the core element. Also reported in the study is that these elements correlate with the cultural landscape concept of Sauer (1969). In the light of these findings, it can be argued that toponyms are not simply names denoting places, but they constitute a repository of individual groups that carry the torch of knowledge from one generation to the next.

Model of empowerment family function towards laid-off worker through the utilization of house yard during the COVID-19 pandemic

2023-09-14T16:01:21+07:00

This study discovered the model of families’ function empowerment towards laid-off workers through the utilization of house yard during the COVID-19 pandemic. The target of this new model is establishing the family function in utilizing the house yard during COVID-19 pandemic. This new model can be used as a future reference for families who are affected by termination of employment. Research activities are carried out through qualitative exploration and experimental research. The study objectives consisted of: (1) determining the potential and development of existing human resources or the frequency of occurrence of certain aspects of social phenomena; and (2) describing certain social phenomena in detail. The findings are expected to create a model for families’ function empowerment for families of laid-off workers through the utilization of home yards. Moreover, the model also includes a product such as video and illustrated pocket book, which contains families’ function empowerment model. The results can be used by all family members during the pandemic and post-COVID-19 pandemics. As a result, the family function can be massively implemented by laid-off worker family members to strengthen the family bonds, in addition to making the yard beautiful and productive.

The weaving of Baduy Lebak protected by the Geographical Indications (GI) of the Indonesian Banten Province: Could it be?

2023-09-14T16:10:22+07:00

Baduy weaving is a distinctive cloth of the Baduy indigenous peoples of Banten upper province. Because Baduy weaving evolved from weaving, which is not society’s primary activity, there is no management model in place to protect the qualities and characteristics of Baduy weaving, which are heavily influenced by the geographical features of the potential geographical indications or GI. This research has two goals: first, to develop a method for managing Baduy’s creative industrial weaving based on geographical indications in the province of Banten; and second, to work on strategy and program so that Baduy weaving can become a superior competitive product in the province of Banten. This empirical study focuses on the operation of the law in society. Data sources include both primary and secondary data. The qualitative analysis was used in the method analysis. According to the research, Baduy’s weaving management with a GI based in Baduy society is by developing a geographical indication approach based on the year 2016 statute on trademark and geographical indication. However, because management is still done on its own based on local creativity and the efforts of local governments in strategy and program, Baduy use of a GI based product in the province of Banten is generally in the 2021 comprehensive plan for the government’s work.

Urbanization, impermeable boundary and losing communal identity: A case study of the local waterfront community in Bangkok suburbs

2023-09-14T16:12:54+07:00

This study aims to investigate urbanization effects on place identity of the local waterfront community in a Bangkok suburb. The study argues that urban developments in a Bangkok suburb community contribute to impermeability, which refers to bordering space separating new urban communities from their local waterfront counterparts. The emergence of impermeable boundaries leads to the decline of social connections and communal identity of place in terms of physical functions and communal sharing. Spatial-relation schemes and aerial photograph analyses and process tracing were employed to examine the expansion of urban subdivisions and public transportation on waterfront communities along Om-Non canal, Nonthaburi province. The findings indicate that expansion of the new gated residences in parallel with transportationnetwork developments changes physical and social structures of the local waterfront community in such a way that it has faced the symbolic deterioration of interdependency and the decline of communal sharing. This study recommends that in order to promote sustaining identity of the waterfront community on the development, new physical nodes for communal interactions could be created; for example, livable waterfronts can become recreational, public places for reconnection between local and new-coming residents to regenerate kinships.

Sustainable development based on indigenous knowledge in the coastal area of Aceh Tamiang, Aceh, Indonesia

2023-09-14T16:16:25+07:00

The east coast of Aceh has a long coastline, so it has many coastal areas with a variety of natural resources. However, these natural resources are disrupted due to increased activities in coastal areas that affect the quality of coastal ecosystems. If not addressed immediately, this will have an impact on harmony relations between humans and the environment. This study aims to examine the use of indigenous knowledge in the sustainable development of the Aceh Tamiang coastal area. Data were collected through observation, documentation, and indepth interviews. This study found that indigenous knowledge in fishing communities in the Kuruk III river did not significantly play a role in environmental conservation, especially in preserving the mangrove forest on the Tamiang coast. This is due to the erosion of local knowledge of the fishing community towards the khanduri laot tradition. The erosion of local community knowledge has an impact on the discontinuation of the inheritance of environmental conservation values as a whole. This research suggests to revitalize khanduri laot by expanding the scope of conservation. Panglima laot as the traditional leader of the fishing community needs to convey the intent and purpose of the khanduri laot explicitly to the community so that each individual participant of the khanduri laot tradition has the same perception. The author also suggests encouraging the issuance of village regulations and implementing sanctions for those who violate them.

The importance of community social theology in the development of Fatmawati Sukarno Islamic State University, Indonesia

2023-09-14T16:21:01+07:00

This study aims to describe the institution’s various aspects, background, public perceptions, or opinions about changes in the institution’s current status from multiple perspectives and their expectations about the direction of institutional development. The descriptive qualitative research method with a sociological approach is used in this study. This case study collected data using interviews, observation, documentation review, and triangulation techniques. The findings of this study, namely, the capacity and performance of UIN in the future, are directed at the following points that are claimed to be strategic and priority programs: (1) improving the quality of lecturers, which is designed and prepared so that all lecturers have a doctorate, at least, which fully supports the related issues. Study permits and study assignments, as well as preparing a Doctoral program at UIN in the future Bengkulu Fatmawati Sukarno; (2) Development of UIN Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu through the addition of new degree programs in several faculties and the addition of new faculties; (3) Improving the quality and quantity of higher education by focusing on administrative aspects and adding educational facilities and infrastructure; and (4) Improving the quality of lecturers by carrying out education, training, and other activities following the lecturer’s knowledge. However, there are still some critical weaknesses and challenges in the institutional transformation process, particularly in scientific integration and interconnection projects that require rapid and precise implementation, as well as quality challenges related to institutional accreditation and accreditation embraced by each degree program.

Meaningful work of thai workers in urban society: A grounded theory

2023-09-14T16:25:33+07:00

Massive workplace challenges precipitated by the digital age have given rise to questions about work and its meaning to life. This has become significant interest, involving multidisciplinary studies. The present study extends the literature on meaningful work (MFW) theory by examining the MFW process of urban workers in Thailand. In-person semi-structured interviews were conducted serially, to the point of theoretical saturation, with 15 participants working in the metropolitan area. The data were collected, transcribed verbatim, and then analyzed using the constructivist grounded theory approach. The findings suggest four main themes: (1) the intrapersonal process; (2) environments that foster MFW; (3) MFW outcomes; and (4) workplace challenges. The process essentially begins with an intrapersonal process, and then continues to interact dynamically with the other three themes, each of which fosters the process. The implications of the findings and future directions are discussed.

Similarity conquers all: A dyadic study of the Big Five’s extraversion similarity and the Michelangelo phenomenon on marital satisfaction in the Thai context

2023-09-14T16:27:54+07:00

Young adults striving to succeed in life tend to build romantic relationships that will lead to personal growth as key mechanisms in the Michelangelo phenomenon (i.e., goals, dreams, and aspirations). Such relationships are a key to success. In this research, we investigated the dyadic influence of the similarity effects of the Big Five’s extraversion trait and marital satisfaction mediated by the Michelangelo phenomenon. Using the data of 201 Thai newly married couples (aged 24–39 years, married less than 5 years, N = 201 dyads, M = 31.49 years; SD = 4.35). A cross-sectional Actor-partner Interdependence model revealed that an extraverted husband who provides affirmation to his spouse increases his own marital satisfaction. This could imply that providing affirmation portrays his masculinity, fulfilling his manhood. Likewise, an extraverted wife who receives and provides affirmation to her husband increases her marital satisfaction, suggesting that positive expressions enhance her marital satisfaction. Evidence shows that partner affirmation was at the core of the Michelangelo phenomenon. Moreover, extraversion similarity suggests that the higher the similarity in extraversion for couples, the higher the marital satisfaction via partner affirmation in the Michelangelo phenomenon. This aligns with attraction similarity theory. It thus appears the Michelangelo phenomenon could be replicated in collectivistic cultures.

The debate between Mochtar Lutfi and Nadjamoeddin Daeng Malewa regardinga ministry of religion within Negara Indonesia Timur (The State of East Indonesia), 1946–1950

2023-09-14T16:32:13+07:00

This article discusses the debate that took place in Negara Indonesia Timur (The State of East Indonesia) regarding a proposal to form a ministry of religion. This article specifically analyzes the reasoning of those promoting and opposing its formation. The main sources of this article are the SEI archives stored in the South Sulawesi Provincial Archives, magazines and newspapers obtained from the Southeast Asia Collection at Leiden University. The debate occurred between Mochtar Lutfi and his colleagues on one hand and Nadjamoeddin Daeng Malewa on the other. According to Mochtar Lutfi, the existence of a ministry of religion is a proof of the state’s partiality to people who adhere to certain religions, especially Islam. As for Malewa, the ministry of religion reflects the decline of a nation. After going through various pressures, the SEI government finally established a Minister of State to deal with Islamic matters during the Second Cabinet of Nadjamoeddin Daeng Malewa. However, it only lasted for four months and dissolved following the end of the Malewa Cabinet. Subsequent cabinets never set up any ministries again dealing with religious matters up to the breakup of the State of East Indonesia.

Increasing performance in preparation of pre-release for elderly inmates in Thailand

2023-09-14T16:35:01+07:00

This qualitative study has considered the current pre-release preparation programmes provided to elderly inmates in Thailand and further suggests developments in the provisions/approaches employed here. In-depth interviews were conducted with 25 informants and focus groups held with 39 elderly inmates in Thailand. In addition, content analysis has been produced to fully understand the context of such correctional and rehabilitation practice. The results of the study note that the pre-release preparation programmes provided to elderly inmates in Thailand require improvement, particularly in the prison management instituted (e.g., by ensuring that appropriate correctional staff are involved, that pertinent programmes are available for elderly inmates and that families/communities are involved within the pre-release preparation process. Through the suggestions offered in this paper, the pre-release preparation programmes provided to elderly inmates in Thailand will be able to witness greater efficiency and effectiveness.

Japanese industrial technical terms: Word formation, word type and word pedagogical applications

2023-09-14T16:38:23+07:00

In Thailand, Japanese learners need to attend trainings or internships at respectable Japanese companies. Previous research has found problems with comprehension of technical terms, but there are no studies on how technical terms can confuse learners or pose difficulties for them. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze word formation and word types of Japanese technical terms in industries, simplifying what makes technical terms difficult for learners in terms of their morphological knowledge, and offering a way to teach these terms and also enhance learners’ understanding of them based upon morphological knowledge. The results have shown that regarding Japanese technical terms, Sino-Japanese or Kango were found most often when compared to other word types, such as hybrids, loanwords, or native words. In regards to word formation, compounding is the most common. The difficulties of technical terms could be divided into four types: unfamiliarity with Kango, changing forms into hybrids, the different meanings of loanwords, and a lack of knowledge of the intra-structure of compounds, affixes, and clippings. The test of morphological knowledge by the University of Washington was adapted into learning drills to enhance the knowledge of word types and word formation.

Transforming Chiangmai-Lamphun-Lampang railroad history and commercial quartier study into SRT creative railroad travel service products

2023-09-14T16:40:24+07:00

This research aimed to synthesize and transform Chiangmai-Lamphun-Lampang railroad history and commercial quartier study into SRT creative railroad travel service products. This qualitative research by participatory action research approaches, researchers, selected 100 key informants by purposive sampling with fieldwork data collection and in-depth interviews. The locales were 6 commercial quartiers and 3 railway stations in 3 provinces. The result found that, in historical context, train route and track from Bangkok to Lampang have brought local prosperity according to trade in Lampang Province, and later on, Lamphun and Chiangmai. The historical and area’s identity could be illustrated as the beauty of the Lanna Renaissance from its landscape, scenery, building and its decoration, and color, that could reflect the atmosphere in the past. The mood and tone of the entire product design were “Contemporary Architecture on Trains” or “Asian Luxury”. As a result of the research process, 3 cabin decorations, 1 food container, and a set of staff uniforms were launched. The outcomes were an introduction of SRT new revenue channel, accumulating of country’s tourism-based competitiveness, and multiplication of income from tourists’ major city (Chiang Mai) to the secondary cities (Lamphun, Lampang).

The relationship between religiosity, materialism, and proenvironmental behavior among consumers in Central Java (Indonesia) and Bicol Region (the Philippines)

2023-09-14T16:44:11+07:00

This study aimed at examining the relationship between religiosity (intrinsic religiosity, extrinsic religiosity), materialism (centrality, happiness, success), and pro-environmental behavior (PEB) among consumers in Central Java (Indonesia) and Bicol Region (the Philippines), two areas where the population has different major religions. It used an online survey method, collecting 349 usable questionnaires from Central Java and 220 questionnaires from Bicol Region. The research indicates that PEB is affected positively by intrinsic religiosity in Central Java and by extrinsic religiosity in Bicol Region. In both countries, intrinsic religiosity had a negative impact on the success dimension of materialism, while extrinsic religiosity was found to have a positive impact on the happiness and success dimensions of materialism. The study also found that not all dimensions of materialism were negatively related to PEB. Only the centrality dimension (and the happiness dimension in Bicol Region) was found to have a negative impact on PEB. The research findings provide insights into the significance of religiosity and materialism value in the engagement of consumers in PEB. The result of the study may guide the marketers in creating initiatives that will answer both intrinsic and extrinsic religiosity as well as dimensions of materialism to formulate more successful consumer engagement in PEB.

The role of positive emotional response in the relationship between store atmosphere, sales promotion, hedonic shopping motivation, and impulsive buying in Indonesia’s largest department store

2023-09-14T16:50:56+07:00

Impulsive buying behavior has attracted many studies, yet there is an inconsistent result of factors determining impulse buying, particularly when consumers’ environment is involved. This study investigates the effects of store atmosphere, sales promotion, and hedonic shopping motivation on impulse buying mediated by a positive emotional response. The sample of this study was 175 consumers of Indonesia’s largest department store who have at least visited the store once. Data were collected using Google Forms online questionnaires and analyzed with the PLS-SEM method. The results show that sales promotion and hedonic shopping motivation directly affect the positive emotional response. Positive emotional response directly influences impulsive buying and significantly mediates the effects of sales promotion and hedonic shopping motivation on impulse buying. The store atmosphere did not affect the positive emotional responses of consumers and impulsive buying behavior. This study suggests the cruciality of positive emotional response in improving impulsive buying and, thus, such should not be ignored in consumer behavior studies. Practically, business practitioners should maintain consumers’ positive emotions to gauge their impulse buying tendency, leading to improved sales.

Guidelines for driving vocational workforce into target industries for economic development in Thailand

2023-09-14T16:55:27+07:00

The objective of this study was to suggest guidelines for driving vocational workforce into target industries for economic development in Thailand. Data were collected from interviews with executives of vocational institutions and related government agencies to create a diagram. The study found that the labor force in the EEC area was insufficient to meet the needs of the target industries. It must consider from the readiness of family institutions, educational institutions, enterprises, and related agencies to determine the direction of joint operations. However, consideration must be given to the dynamics of technology that affect the formulation of courses, training, and the creation of new jobs to accommodate foreign advanced technologies. Therefore, preparation is required in all dimensions. In particular, the vocational workforce plays an important role in the target industries in enhancing competitiveness for the country’s sustainable economic development.

Examining social influence on asset misappropriation tendency

2023-09-14T16:58:15+07:00

The research aims to develop a model that examines social or situational factors that influence the tendency of asset misappropriation based on the theory of social learning and the Fraud Triangle in the government sector. The majority of the population were Indonesian government employees who worked in Indonesian cities and provinces. Using the Purposive Sampling method, a survey system was used with 371 government employees who work in the logistics, general services, and financial areas and have worked for more than two years. The Structural Equation Model (AMOS) was used to analyze the data. The findings show that opportunity, rationalization, financial pressure, and peer influence have a major effect on the misappropriation tendency of assets. Furthermore, peer influence and opportunity mediate rationalizations and the tendency of misappropriated assets; however, opportunity does not mediate the tendency of misappropriated assets based on financial pressure. This study has investigated the social impact and asset misappropriation tendency in the government sector and proves that social factors influence the tendency of asset misappropriation. It supports the fraud triangle and the social learning theory.

Development of a music activities model to enhance brain development in children from birth to three years; Case study in Thailand

2023-09-14T17:02:41+07:00

The first three years of a child’s life are important for brain development, and music can play a significant role in enhancing such development. This research aims to devise a method of teaching music to children from birth-to-three-years old, which is designed to enhance brain development. In this qualitative research, classroom observation was carried out in three music classes. It was found that the classes comprised the most of listening activities, followed by movement and singing and playing activities. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore four teachers’ opinions on the role of music in brain development. All the participants reported a correlation between the two factors, attributing their responses to the observed student responses to the instructional activities managed in collaboration with the parents and the parental feedback. Also, an analysis of the effects of the music activities on brain development was performed by three experts. All concurred that most of the music activities had a direct impact on the students’ memory and an indirect impact on their emotional development. Finally, a focus group discussion was held in which seven experts, including doctors, neuroscientists, and music professors, validated the conceptual framework guiding the present study and provided advice on the design of the lesson plan and specific activities. This data collection was used to gain more understanding of the relationship between music and the development of the brain functions of memory, language, thinking and emotion. The best practice music activities model that aims to enhance brain development in young children should comprise three stages: (1) Motivation: stage of attracting children to music activities; (2) music engagement & enjoyment: stage of using music’s function to enhance brain development; and (3) reflection & feedback: stage of evaluation. These three stages can be achieved through cooperation between teachers and parents plus a knowledge of brain development and a systematic teaching plan.

Development of Game-Based Assessment Tools (GBAT) using Quizizz application for Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) subject

2023-09-14T17:05:38+07:00

The main objective of the study is to develop game-based assessment tools (GBAT) for the Technology Livelihood Education (TLE) subject in the Junior and Senior High School of K-12 Program using Quizizz Application. The study utilized a developmental approach to research. The students as contributors were trained to equip themselves on how to use the Quizizz Application to create game-based activities. The students as contributors created GBAT and curated them to the TLE Learning Hub developed by the researchers. Developed GBATs were evaluated by 5 experts and 24 TLE teachers to identify the level of acceptability, and the TLE Learning Hub to assess its system usability. The study adopted a Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to measure the level of acceptability of GBAT. System Usability Scale (SUS) was adopted to assess the usability of the TLE Learning Hub. General mean was computed to identify the acceptability of the GBAT and percentile rank for the system usability of the materials. The result of this study shows that the experts and TLE teachers who served as the evaluators find the GBAT highly acceptable since all ratings from perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude towards using it, and intention to use were rated in the range of ‘Strongly Agree’. The result illustrates that the evaluators appreciate the development of the GBAT and TLE Learning Hub. It is recommended for further study to train the TLE teachers to use Quizizz and be one of the contributors in the TLE Learning Hub.

Factors related to verbal bullying in elementary school students

2023-09-14T17:13:41+07:00

Verbal bullying in schools is a significant issue that can cause a crucial impact upon both students’ mental health and their learning. However, few studies have evidence on this issue. This research aimed to: (1) survey the ratio of students being verbal bullied in the upper elementary level; and (2) compare the ratio of students being verbal bullied in the upper elementary level according to individual factors such as gender, the time spent studying at the school, the status of the bullying, and from 12 schools which varied from demonstration schools under the Office of the Higher Education Commission (OHEC), schools under the Primary Educational Service Area Office (PESAO), and schools under Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. The total number of the target group was 1,053 students. Questionnaires were used to explore and compare the ratio of students being verbal bullied in the upper elementary schools. The factors related to being verbal bullied are the gender of the bullied, the period of time that the bullied study at the school, the status of the bullied, and from 9 schools which varied from the demonstration schools under the OHEC, the schools under the PESAO, and the schools under Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. It was found that the schools under the PESAO have a higher rate of the students being verbal bullied in the upper elementary level than the schools under Bangkok Metropolitan Administration and demonstration schools under the OHEC respectively.

A development of a schools’ network for co-teacher development to enhance teachers’ professional competencies for appropriate instruction in situations of pandemic spread

2023-09-14T17:16:46+07:00

This research paper is one that can be classified under research and development. The objectives of this research were: (1) to study the conditions of pre-existence network of schools for co-teacher development; (2) to develop a network of schools for co-production of student teachers; (3) to study the effectiveness of a network; and (4) to study the successful factors and obstacles in proceeding with the developed network. The target group consisted of secondary schools in Phitsanulok, Thailand. The desire of the school was to participate in the network for the purpose of improving the production process and developing teachers’ competencies designing and implementing appropriate instruction in situations of pandemic spread. The results revealed that: (1) pre-existing teacher network conditions do not provide enough encouragement for student teachers to create engaging online learning activities and assessments; (2) A network was developed characterized by a paradigm shift towards online learning activities, teacher’s collaboration, monitoring and giving important suggestions; (3) After the implementation of the developed network model, student teachers’ learning management competency was significantly higher than before, at .05 level and also higher than the stated criterion (70%) at .05 level; and (4) A study of successful factors and obstacles in proceeding with the developed network revealed that an exchange of ideas, practical training, technical skills and online media and student teacher attributions for blended learning were successful factors while unreadiness and inability to use instructional materials for blended and inability of some teachers to use various technologies were some of the obstacles.

Guidelines for development of self-management to enhance career characteristics of junior high school students

2023-09-14T17:20:08+07:00

The objectives of this research were: (1) to assess needs for self-management; (2) to develop career characteristics scales; and (3) to explore self-management guidelines to enhance the career characteristics of junior high school students. Mixed-method research was designed for this study. The sample group for quantitative research consisted of 1000 junior high school students in Bangkok and its vicinity and 9 experts participating in in-depth interviews for qualitative research. The research results were as follows: (1) The results of the needs assessment for self-management of junior high school students revealed that Component 1, Awareness, had the highest need (PNI_modified = 0.182); (2)The Cronbach alpha coefficients for each component of the self-management measurement of junior high school students were .886, .875, .810, .796, .787 and .692, respectively. The results of coherence testing of the model revealed that the structural validity of the measurement model for career characteristics of junior high school students was consistent and harmonious with the empirical data determined by NFI = .900, IFI = .920, TLI = .915, RMR = .047, RMSEA = .058 and CFI = .920. The harmonization index was in accordance with the criteria; and (3) The self-management to enhance career characteristics of junior high school students included 5 guidelines: (1) organizing activities to enhance learning from real-life situations; (2) using media or information technology in the enhancement; (3) using self-assessment tests; (4) practicing self-learning experiences fostering essential skills; and (5) counseling and guidance processes of self-management to enhance career characteristics.

Evaluating the effectiveness of a student leadership training program for the early adolescent students in Kanchanaburi province, Thailand

2023-09-14T17:25:56+07:00

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a student leadership training program for the early adolescent students in school. A quasi-experiment design with a pre-test and post-test control group and experimental group was adopted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the program. The sample group consisted of 50 adolescent students who were 10 to 14 years old, were studying in Primary 4, 5, or 6 in formal schools, and were studying at English Tutorial School in Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand. They were assigned to 2 groups with 25 students in an experimental group and 25 students in a control group by simple random sampling method. The results showed that the intervention student leadership training program, which consisted of an online course and an on site course with 12 activities such as “me in the photo”, “rock paper scissors posse,” and “share the vision”, for 24 hours over 7-weeks, resulted in a statistically significant (p < .001) increase in student leadership skill. Students involved in the student leadership training program were impacted positively in terms of their leadership capabilities. The recommendations from the findings can help educational institutions, administrators and teachers to enhance students’ leadership by including core activities on developing student leadership in the school curriculum.

A development of history instructional model on cloud technology to enhance critical thinking abilities and information literacy of undergraduate students

2023-09-14T17:28:36+07:00

Approaches to the teaching and learning of history in the 21st-century call for teachers’ embracing changes due to the advent of advanced technologies, while critical thinking and information literacy are increasingly necessary for students’ handling of overwhelming information. The purpose of this study was to develop, present, and assess the effectiveness of an instruction model which incorporates the use of cloud technology for teaching history at the university level in Thailand. Along with its learning management plan, this instructional model was validated by experienced teachers and triangulated with IT experts in the history subject before implementing it with a purposively sampled group of students in the Faculty of Education. A total of 189 undergraduate students were randomly selected for data collection. The findings were obtained from the analysis of the qualitative interview data and the quantitative information, which were then analyzed using the repeated measures ANOVA in the SPSS program. The results revealed the following: (1) this instructional model of teaching the history subject on cloud technology can enhance the critical thinking abilities and information literacy of undergraduate students in terms of rationales, objectives, methods, and conditions; (2) according to the data obtained from questionnaires, the instruction model was evaluated by 5 experts as having a high level of appropriateness (mean = 4.89, SD = 0.32); and (3) the result on an assessment of the quality of the learning management shows a statistically significant difference in the mean scores over four weeks at the 0.05 level of significance (p > .05).

Predictors of public consciousness among Thai undergraduate students

2023-09-14T17:31:43+07:00

Public consciousness is crucial for societies at both the local and national levels. This cross-sectional descriptive study examines public consciousness and determines factors to predict public consciousness among undergraduate students enrolled at Mahidol University, Thailand during the second semester of the 2020 academic year. The research instruments include a self-reported questionnaire, a public consciousness questionnaire, the Parenting Style Questionnaire, the Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale, and the self-efficacy and the modified multi-dimensional measure of perceived social support. The Cronbach’s alpha reliabilities comprised 0.96, 0.66, 0.72 and 0.92, respectively. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression. The research findings revealed that the mean score of public consciousness was 91.97 (SD = 23.75), indicating a high level of public consciousness. Self-efficacy was the most significant predictor (β = 0.281), the second most significant predictor was social support (β = 0.239), and the third was an authoritative parenting style (β = 0.197). The three aforementioned predictors accounted for 19.8 percent (F3, 435 = 37.837, p .001) of undergraduate students’ public consciousness. From the findings, university workers are recommended to plan activities or interventions to promote public consciousness for undergraduate students. Such interventions and exposure to public awareness by parents and teachers will help students gain confidence to continue helping others and society.

The development learning model of flipped classroom with digital storytelling for department of computer education

2023-09-14T17:57:16+07:00

The objectives of the study were to: (1) Develop and study the efficiency a flipped classroom learning model with online digital storytelling for the department of computer education; (2) Compare the learning achievement of the learners before and after learning with the developed learning style; and (3) Study the satisfaction of the learners after learning with a flipped classroom learning model with an online digital storytelling method developed with the tools used in the research, including: (1) Classroom learning model is flipped with an online digital storytelling method evaluated by 10 experts; (2) Learning support system according to the developed learning model; (3) Management plan of flipped classroom with digital storytelling; (4) System quality assessment form; (5) Learning achievement test; and (6) System user satisfaction assessment form. The samples used in this research were 26 computer studies students from the faculty of science and technology Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University. The data were analyzed by using mean, standard deviation, and t-test statistics. The results of the research found that: (1) The flipped classroom learning model with online digital storytelling was rated by expert assessment as most appropriate, The developed learning model had an efficiency of 87.69/80.26, which was higher than the benchmark set at 80/80; (2) The learners had higher learning achievement after studying than before studying. The learners had significantly higher after school achievement than before at .05 level; and (3) After studying with the classroom learning model, flipped classroom with online digital storytelling, the students’ satisfaction was at the highest level of satisfaction.

Factor analysis of Thai students’ innovator and entrepreneur competency

2023-09-14T17:40:17+07:00

Student outcomes are the goal of education. In a rapidly changing world, students must equip innovator and entrepreneur competencies. This study aimed to develop and validate students’ innovator and entrepreneur competencies through exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Data were gathered through a questionnaire from a sample of 2,008 students from 80 different-sized schools. Results of EFA revealed that nine factors and 49 indicators were explored, with factor loadings ranging from .504 to .985. The nine factors included: (1) questioning; (2) apophenia; (3) pursuing multiple streams; (4) observing; (5) obsessive notetaking; (6) experimenting; (7) idea networking; (8) innovative entrepreneurial leadership; and (9) social, environmental, and economic responsibility and sustainability (SEERS). CFA results showed an acceptable fit of the 9-factor model with fit indices: χ² = 3,372.623, df = 1091, p = .000, χ²/df = 3.091, CFI = .919, TLI = .913, RMSEA = .046, and SRMR = .044. Implications and further research were discussed.

Implementing the disaster education program at an elementary school in the devastating tsunami affected area: A case study in Aceh, Indonesia

2023-09-14T17:43:00+07:00

The earthquake and tsunami that struck the Indonesian province of Aceh at the end of December 2004 killed over 170,000 people, including those from the community where this research was conducted, the village of Deah Glumpang, Meuraxa sub–district, Banda Aceh. Nearly 95 percent of the houses and buildings were wiped out by the tsunami and more than 80 percent of the people living in this area were killed. One of the reasons why such a heartbreaking tragedy occurred was that people including students had never known or been taught about disaster mitigation. Learning from this condition, SDN 48, a state primary school located in the area, has offered a disaster education program to the students. The program has been going for more than two years and is feasible to study to see its impact on students. For this purpose, the researchers conducted interviews with the teachers including the school principal and students. It was found that the program has benefited both teachers and students in the knowledge of disaster mitigation. Nevertheless, their literacy on this issue is deemed still low. Therefore, the teacher respondents suggested improvements in the program that include continuous training for the teachers, better and upgraded facilities, and having parents be included in the program’s activities. The discussion reflects that incorporating the disaster education program into the curriculum could sustain its position as an important subject to be taught to students in schools located in disaster–prone areas.

A corpus-based study of authorial identity in Indonesian writers’ research articles

2023-09-14T17:46:46+07:00

Academic writing is no longer perceived as a knowledge exchange but an arena where writers communicate their stances and promote their work. Recent studies have revealed that academic discourse is not entirely impersonal. Writers obtain credibility by presenting convincing arguments and confidence in their evaluation to construct a competent scholarly identity. Many studies have shown that the presence of writers is significant to gain membership in academic communities, and the key strategy to achieve it is the use of explicit self-mention, which refers to first-person pronouns and possessive adjectives. However, some research also reveals that writers from non-English speaking countries avoid using self-mention due to the connotations of authority. The present research studies the construction of authorial identity by investigating the use of self-mention markers in the corpus of 106 research articles
written in English by Indonesian authors in national scientific journals on marine and fisheries. The results show that Indonesian writers on marine and fisheries have started to recognize the importance of writers’ presence in their texts, indicated by the use of first-person pronouns and possessive adjectives. However, the occurrences of self-mention in the Indonesian corpus to construct writer identity are still lower than English corpus. The writers use self-mention mainly to explain a procedure rather than stating claims/results that expert writers often use to show their unique judgment. The finding suggests that Indonesian authors are more accustomed to the convention in which academic writing is regarded to communicate disciplinary content carrying a representation of the writer.

Geosemiotic analysis of commercial outdoor signs in north Bali urban area, Indonesia

2023-09-14T17:49:58+07:00

The article reveals the place semiotic elements as a part of geosemiotic analysis of the commercial outdoor signs in Singaraja city and Lovina tourist area in north Bali. It covers the signs’ code preference, inscription, and emplacement. The researchers collected 604 pictures of commercial public signs from both places. Observation and interviews were also conducted to obtain the data for a comprehensive place semiotic analysis. In terms of code preference, this study found that Indonesian is dominant in local people-oriented signs, and English is more dominant in tourist-oriented signs. It implies that the commercial ideology of the signs put aside the language policy factors. Surprisingly, Balinese, as the local language, is not found on the signs, but Arabic emblemed with Islam religion, exists on the signs as the combination of business and religious identity. The inscription analysis shows that Roman script is the most dominant orthographic system, followed by Balinese and Arabic. In this case, the touch of local language policy supports the existence of Balinese script on the signs for transliteration only. Then, the emplacement analysis reveals that situated semiotics is the most frequent element due to the business location indexation. Decontextualization and transgressive elements were less frequently found since decontextualized signs are related to well-established brands, and transgressive signs are related to typical improperly placed commercial signs. The commercial signs do not align with the national and local language policy but emphasize profit orientation.