Lawarath Social E-Journal

A Study on the Acquisition of Psychological Verbs and Teaching Strategies for Elementary-Level Chinese Learners in Thailand

2025-03-11T13:32:14+07:00

This study focuses on Thai beginner-level Chinese learners as the research subjects, aiming to explore the types of errors they make in acquiring psychological verbs from the textbook Developing Chinese: Elementary Comprehensive Course and to propose corresponding teaching suggestions. The research employs literature review, survey analysis, and error analysis methods to systematically analyze the usage of psychological verbs among 106 Chinese learners at University of Phayao in Thailand. The findings reveal that the textbook contains a total of 47 psychological verbs, and the errors made by Thai students can be categorized into two major types: lexical errors and grammatical errors. At the lexical level, errors include the misuse, substitution, and omission of psychological verbs; at the grammatical level, errors involve the addition or omission of collocational components, as well as word order mistakes. Based on these findings, the study proposes improvement suggestions from two dimensions: teaching practice and textbook design. At the teaching level, it is recommended to enhance students' understanding of the semantic and collocational features of psychological verbs; at the textbook level, it is suggested to include more targeted exercises and application scenarios. This study not only provides a theoretical foundation for teaching psychological verbs in Chinese to Thai learners but also offers practical guidance for addressing common acquisition challenges faced by beginner-level Chinese learners in Thailand.

Public Participation in Local Community Development Based on the Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy in Khok Tum Subdistrict Municipality, Mueang Lopburi District, Lopburi Province

2025-01-04T08:56:56+07:00

This research aims to: 1. study the level of public participation in local community development based on the Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy; and 2. compare the participation of people in community development based on the philosophy in Khok Tum Subdistrict Municipality, Mueang Lopburi District, Lopburi Province, categorized by personal and environmental factors. Data were collected from 395 individuals using a 22-item questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.988, and percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, F-test, and Fisher's Least Significant Difference (LSD) method for pairwise comparisons were employed to analyze the data.

The research results showed that: 1. the level of public participation in local community development based on the Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy was at a high level. Considering individual aspects, the participation levels ranked from highest to lowest as follows: gaining advantages from the Philosophy of Sufficiency Economy, an evaluation based on principles of the philosophy, an implementation of the philosophy, and decision-making based on the philosophy; 2. the comparison of the public participation in local community development based on the philosophy in Khok Tum Subdistrict Municipality, Mueang Lopburi District, Lopburi Province, showed statistically significant differences at the .05 level when categorized by ages and durations of residence in the community. However, no significant differences were found when categorized by gender, education level, occupation, and average monthly income.

A Study on The Reproduction of Humorous Style of Emotion Words in The Thai Translation of "Luotuo Xiangzi"

2025-02-11T14:29:10+07:00

Beijing citizens in the early 20th century with delicate descriptions and lively language. Its humorous style is well-known overseas and has won wide international acclaim. So far, the Thai translation has been reprinted five times in Thailand. The humorous technique of Luotuo Xiangzi is inseparable from Mr. Lao She's unique style of using words. The author reads the original text and finds that the emotional words are very cleverly used in the context of Luotuo Xiangzi, complementing each other. However, through comparative analysis of the original Chinese version and the Thai translation version, it is found that the Thai translation version still has shortcomings in reproducing the humorous effect of emotional words, which is mainly reflected in the humorous effect of commendatory and derogatory use, the humorous effect of derogatory and commendatory use, and the humorous effect of Chinese words derogatory/praise. The author believes that this is because the use of emotional words in the context is very complicated, and they will appear in various forms due to the complexity of language communication. In the context, they may temporarily acquire a certain emotional tendency, which will cause the translator to ignore the intention conveyed by the author in the translation process.

Enhancing Learning Achievement on Ayutthaya Kingdom through Inquiry-Based Learning for Grade 8 Students at Promrungsri School

2025-01-03T16:18:26+07:00

This research aims to: 1. develop instructional approaches employing the inquiry-based learning technique, 2. compare pre- and post-learning outcomes using the inquiry-based learning technique, and 3. assess students' satisfaction after employing the inquiry-based learning technique. The sample group consisted of 28 Grade 8/1 students from Promrungsri School, Phatthana Nikhom District, Lopburi Province. Research instruments included 15 instructional plans, a 30-item learning achievement test, and an 18-item satisfaction questionnaire. The statistical methods used to analyze data were mean, standard deviation, and the dependent t-test.

The research findings revealed that: 1. the development of instructional activity plans resulted in 15 learning plans, which were evaluated by experts with appropriateness ratings ranging from 0.67 to 1.00; 2. students' post-learning achievement ( = 20.35, S.D. = 0.82) was significantly higher than their pre-learning achievement ( = 11.90, S.D. = 0.71) at the .05 statistical significance level, and 3. students' satisfaction with the inquiry-based learning technique was rated at a high level, in overall ( = 4.36, S.D. = 0.32)

A Study of The Influence of Xuantian Shangdi’s Image in Bei You Ji on Religious Beliefs

2025-02-28T16:58:42+07:00

Journey to the North (Bei You Ji), a mythological novel centered on Xuantian Shangdi, was published by the renowned bookseller Yu Xiangdou. The novel narrates the deity’s apotheosis and his subjugation of thirty-six celestial generals. This study aims to delineate the characteristics of Xuantian Shangdi’s portrayal in Journey to the North and examine the potential impact of this literary representation on real-world religious belief. Methodologically, the study employs an imagological approach and close textual analysis to reconstruct Xuantian Shangdi’s image, followed by an anthropological framework to assess its influence on religious faith. The findings reveal that Xuantian Shangdi is depicted as having a refined and dignified appearance, wearing his hair loose with a beard, standing upon a soaring serpent and an eight-trigram turtle, and wielding the Seven-Star Sword of the Three Terraces. He is capable of riding five-colored auspicious clouds. His character is marked by compassion, bravery, a strong sense of duty, and altruism. He remains chaste, adheres strictly to divine decrees, respects his master, and demonstrates exceptional strategic acumen. Additionally, he possesses immense strength, meticulous reasoning skills, adaptability in battle, and a logical and courteous demeanor. His celestial titles, as conferred by the Jade Emperor, include Jinque Huashen Dangmo Tianzun and Hunyuan Jiutian Wanfa Jiaozhu Yuxu Shixiang Xuantian Shangdi. Moreover, the portrayal of Xuantian Shangdi in Journey to the North plays a pivotal role in reinforcing real-world religious belief in him. His divine image fosters the perception that he possesses the power to assist devotees in overcoming hardships, exorcising malevolent spirits, averting natural calamities, repelling external threats, and safeguarding homes. Furthermore, his narrative of attaining immortality through ascetic cultivation inspires adherents to embrace Daoism, emulate his spiritual journey, and commit to self-cultivation. This study not only explores Xuantian Shangdi’s divine attributes but also investigates how his literary depiction influences religious practice, thereby advancing the discourse on the interplay between literary representations and faith. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the practical significance of religious literature and Daoism’s contemporary relevance, ultimately fostering the preservation and transmission of Daoist culture. Additionally, this research provides valuable insights for the creative industries, including religious art, film, and gaming, facilitating the broader dissemination of Xuantian Shangdi’s image in modern cultural contexts.

Evaluation of the Mind Development Project: Sakkasa-Samadhi Meditation Program, Singburi Provincial Prison, Fiscal Year 2023

2025-02-18T12:00:43+07:00

This research aimed to: 1. assess the outcomes of the Sakkasa-Samadhi Meditation Program at Singburi Provincial Prison for the fiscal year 2023 and 2. identify issues, suggestions, and recommendations for improving and developing the program. Data were collected from 132 participants selected through simple random sampling employing a questionnaire with a reliability score of 0.89. Data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and content analysis.

Research findings revealed that: 1. the evaluation of the Sakkasa-Samadhi Meditation Program was, overall, rated at a high level. The assessment ranked from highest to lowest mean scores focused on the following aspects: inputs, outcomes, processes, and context; and 2. for issues and recommendations for the program improvement, there were four issues included: 1) context issue: the hot weather, external noise, and a crowded environment were identified as significant problems. The program should be conducted during the winter season, fans should be installed, and the training area should be restricted to unrelated individuals; 2) input issue: there was overcrowding of participants, unsuitable media, materials, equipment, audio, and visual aids, as well as an insufficient number of facilitators. Improvement of the quality of media, materials, and equipment, as well as reducing the number of participants, should be reconsidered; 3) process issue: the evaluation form had small font sizes, and some participants attended the training involuntarily. The program should redesign the evaluation format, select voluntary participants who are literate, and promote the program in advance; and 4) outcomes issue: the participants had difficulty understanding the training content and lacked engagement. The training programs should be organized continuously to enhance the participants’ understanding and participation.

Religious Beliefs and Sacred Elements in the Literature of Kau Chim Prophecies

2025-03-14T17:01:24+07:00

This research article aims to study religious beliefs and sacred entities in the Kau Chim Prophecies literature of Chinese shrines in the Bangkok metropolitan area. The data used in the research included Kau Chim Prophecies slips from eight Chinese shrines in Bangkok area, with a total of 458 slips. The researcher collected data from the shrines in Bangkok over a period of three weeks, from November 15, 2023, to February 15, 2024.

The research findings revealed that the content of the Kau Chim Prophecies slips from the Chinese shrines reflected beliefs in Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, and sacred entities, as shown in the following data: 1. Buddhist belief in striving to do good deeds, 2. Taoist belief in worshiping the gods of Taoism and leading a virtuous life, 3. Confucian belief in good governance and ethics, and 4. Belief in sacred entities, where gods are believed to possess supernatural powers. These beliefs influence people’s ways of life and thinking, serving both a psychological role and a source of emotional support for humans, that they can be applied to modern life.

The Development of Critical Reading Ability of Undergraduate Students through Problem-Based Learning Integrated with the Flipped Classroom Approach

2025-11-06T14:18:36+07:00

This study aimed to: 1. develop the critical reading ability of undergraduate students through problem-based learning integrated with the flipped classroom approach, with a passing criterion of 80 percent and at least 80 percent of the students meeting the required standard; and 2. examine undergraduate students’ opinions toward the implementation of learning activities using problem-based learning combined with the flipped classroom approach. The target group consisted of 28 first-year undergraduate students majoring in Elementary Education, Faculty of Education, Thepsatri Rajabhat University, who were enrolled in the first semester of the 2025 academic year. The participants were selected through purposive sampling. The instruments used in this study were classified into three categories: 1) instruments used in the intervention, which included lesson plans; 2) instruments used for reflective practice, which consisted of a teaching behavior observation form for instructors, a learning behavior observation form for undergraduate students, a post-teaching reflection form, a performance assessment form for undergraduate students, and an end-of-cycle test, and 3) instruments used for research evaluation, which included a critical reading ability test and a questionnaire on undergraduate students’ opinions. Data analysis employed quantitative analysis using the mean () and standard deviation (S.D.), while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.

The results revealed that: 1. the students achieved an average score of 26.78, accounting for 89.26 percent of the total score. Twenty-five students, representing 89.28 percent of the participants, met the required criteria, which exceeded the predetermined standard, and 2. the students’ opinions toward learning management using problem-based learning combined with the flipped classroom approach were at the highest level.

Guidelines for Developing Work Efficiency of Members in The Thai Volunteer Defense Corps, Bang Sai District, Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya Province

2025-04-02T14:48:05+07:00

The objectives of this research were to: 1. study the work performance efficiency of members of the Thai Territorial Defense Volunteer Corps; 2. compare the work performance efficiency of the members classified by personal factors, and 3. explore approaches for improving the working performance efficiency of the members. This study employed a mixed-methods design, divided into two phases. Phase 1 involved examining and comparing the work performance efficiency of the members according to personal factors. The research sample consisted of 220 personnel from the Bang Sai District Office, Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya Province. The research instrument was a questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.81. Data were analyzed using percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, F-test, and the Least Significant Difference (LSD) method for pairwise mean comparisons. Phase 2 focused on investigating approaches for improving the work performance efficiency of the Territorial Defense Volunteer Corps. The key informants were 10 individuals selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument was an interview, and the data were analyzed using content analysis.

The findings revealed that: 1. the overall work performance efficiency of the members of the Territorial Defense Volunteer Corps was at the highest level; 2. personnel with different ages, educational levels, and lengths of service expressed significantly different opinions regarding the work performance efficiency of the members of the Territorial Defense Volunteer Corps, and 3. the approaches for improving the work performance efficiency of the Corps members included: 1) continuously developing essential skills for performing duties, 2) providing support with modern communication equipment for operational tasks, and 3) establishing collaborative networks with government agencies, the private sector, and the public sector.

Development of Preschool Children’s English Language Abilities by Implementing Unplugged Coding Activities at Unnuroy Community Child Development Centre (Bungkwang), Bangkok

2025-05-22T15:24:45+07:00

The purpose of this study was to compare the English language proficiency of early childhood learners before and after participating in unplugged coding activities. The population consisted of male and female children aged 5 – 6 years, enrolled in Kindergarten 3 during the second semester of the 2024 academic year at the Unnuroy Community Child Development Centre (Bungkwang) in Bangkok. There were two classrooms with a total of 30 children. The sample group comprised 15 children from Kindergarten 3B in the second semester of the 2024 academic year, selected through cluster random sampling from one of the two classrooms, which shared similar characteristics. The research instruments included: 32 lesson plans for unplugged coding activities with a content validity index of 0.95, and an English language proficiency test for early childhood learners, covering four skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing, with a content validity index of 0.97. The experimental period lasted for 8 weeks, with 4 sessions per week, 40 minutes per session, conducted during the supplementary learning activity period. The statistics used for data analysis included mean and standard deviation. The quality of the instruments was examined through item difficulty, discrimination index, and reliability using the KR-20 formula. The statistic used to test the hypothesis was the dependent t-test.

The findings revealed that the English language proficiency of early childhood learners after participating in unplugged coding activities was significantly higher than before the activities at the .05 level of statistical significance, both overall and in each skill area. The post-test mean scores of English proficiency in each skill were as follows: listening ( = 5.53), speaking ( = 4.33), reading ( = 5.07), and writing ( = 5.47).

A Study of Buddhist Idioms in The Dictionary of Buddhism

2025-05-13T09:53:48+07:00

Buddhist idioms, as an important part of Buddhist culture, contain rich philosophical and life wisdom. This study relies on the "Buddhist Dictionary" and adopts literature review and text interpretation methods to conduct a comprehensive and in-depth research on Buddhist idioms, including scientific classification and system construction, exploration of deep meaning and structural characteristics, and pragmatic examination. Research has found that Buddhist idioms can be divided into four categories: Buddhist characters, doctrines, rituals, and objects. They not only deeply reflect the core ideas of Buddhism, but also use rhetorical devices such as metaphors and symbols to enhance their expressive power. These idioms are widely used in cultural exchange, literary creation, education, and other fields, becoming important tools for connecting different cultures and expressing profound ideas. In addition, the study also revealed the cultural connotation and linguistic value of Buddhist idioms, and explored their inheritance and development path in modern society. This study not only deepens the understanding of Buddhist culture, but also provides new research perspectives and methods for fields such as linguistics, literature, philosophy, etc. It has important practical significance for promoting cultural exchange, artistic creation, and enhancing public cultural literacy, and provides useful references for further research and application of Buddhist idioms.

The Effect of Organizing Halal Cooking Activities on Behavior Early Childhood Communication, Thammanurak Community Center for Early Childhood Development, Bangkok

2025-07-07T16:54:15+07:00

The purpose of this research is to compare the communication behavior of early childhood children before and after participating in halal cooking activities. The population included 60 male and female children aged between 4 - 5 years old from two classes, enrolled in Kindergarten 2 during the second semester of the 2024 academic year at Thammanurak Community Child Development Center. The sample group comprised 30 children from Kindergarten 2A, selected through cluster random sampling by randomly choosing one classroom out of two classrooms that shared similar characteristics. The research instruments included 24 lesson plans for Halal cooking activities designed to promote communication behaviors among the children, with a content validity index (CVI) of 0.96. An observation form was used to assess the children’s communication behaviors in two aspects: sending behaviors and receiving behaviors, with a CVI of 0.94. The experimental period lasted for 8 weeks, with sessions conducted three times per week, 45 minutes per day, during the experiential activity period. The statistical methods employed in this research were mean, standard deviation, and dependent t-test.

The research findings revealed that the communication behaviors of early childhood children after participating in the Halal cooking activities were significantly higher than before participating in the activities at the .05 level of statistical significance. The post-experimental mean scores of communication behaviors in each aspect were as follows: sending communication behavior ( = 2.20) and receiving communication behavior ( = 2.23).

Strategies for Using Mitigating Language (緩和表現) in Apology and Refusal Contexts in Japanese Business Documents by Fourth-Year Japanese Major Students

2025-12-26T08:50:46+07:00

Business communication in Japanese places strong emphasis on the use of language that is appropriate to social context, cultural norms, and the power relationships between interlocutors. This is particularly crucial in interactionally sensitive situations such as apologies and refusals, which constitute face-threatening acts which can significantly affect business cooperation. If speakers fail to select appropriate mitigating expressions, negative consequences for long-term business relationships may arise. This study aims to: 1. analyze the strategies for using mitigating expressions (緩和表現) in contexts of apologies and refusals in Japanese business documents written by fourth-year university students, and 2. evaluate the sociocultural appropriateness of these mitigating expressions. Data were collected from 40 Japanese business documents produced across four issues: 1) ten letters of apology for delayed delivery, 2) ten letters of apology for incorrect product delivery, 3) ten letters refusing a request for a discount, and 4) ten letters refusing a request for an extension of the payment period. The data were analyzed based on Brown and Levinson’s (1987) Politeness and Face-Threatening Act Framework, together with Ide’s (1989) Concept of Wakimae.

The findings revealed that: 1. the students were capable in maintaining appropriate business formats and employed polite expressions in accordance with honorific language (敬語), particularly in expressing apologies and providing reasons. However, they often lacked strategies for proposing remedial actions and maintaining long-term business relationships, and 2. in some cases, students were unable to appropriately adjusted language levels according to the interlocutor’s status and degree of social distance, reflecting a gap between formal linguistic knowledge and the ability to use language in real communicative contexts. This issue reflects that the effectiveness of Japanese business document is not be evaluated by the highest degree of politeness alone, but rather by the appropriateness of language use in relation to business relationships. Therefore, guiding learners beyond grammatical politeness toward interactional politeness, by designing learning activities that foster an understanding of relationship maintenance in business contexts is deemed necessary. Such an approach can enhance learners’ pragmatic competence and prepare them for effective language use in diverse real-world situations.