National Defence Studies Institute Journal

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National Defence Studies Institute Journal — 2026-06-30

Activities of the National Defence Studies Institute

National Defence Studies Institute Journal — 2026-06-30

Objectives, Scope, and Publishing Conditions

National Defence Studies Institute Journal — 2026-06-30

Ethics in Publishing Academic Articles and Research Paper

National Defence Studies Institute Journal — 2026-06-30

Cybersecurity Education Based on Capture the Flag (CTF) Platforms

Siriwan Intasorn — 2026-06-30

This article aims to present a study on cybersecurity education based on Capture The Flag (CTF) platforms. The students will develop cybersecurity skills by using cyber security tools in Capture the Flag Competitions. Types of CTF challenges are divided into 2 areas of cybersecurity knowledge, offensive security skills and defensive security skills and consist of 10 categories commonly used for training and competition as follows: 1) Programming 2) Network Exploitation 3) Web Exploitation 4) Pwnable Binary Exploitation 5) Reverse Engineering 6) Digital Forensics 7) Cryptography 8) OSINT: Open-Source Intelligence 9) Miscellaneous 10) Mobile Security. Cybersecurity education based on Capture the Flag (CTF) Platforms is a useful learning approach that simulates cybersecurity scenarios and allows students to work through various challenges while using cybersecurity technologies and AI tools in creative and ethical ways.

STEM Education and Learners’ Key Competencies: A Systematic Review of Educational Research

Chosita Kedtip — 2026-06-30

This article is a synthesis of research related to STEM Education learning management that contributes to the development of learners, conducted between 2018 and 2022. A total of 15 studies were collected from four research databases. The purpose of this synthesis was to examine the effects of STEM Education learning management on the develoment of learner's core competencies and to provide academic recommendations for effective learning management approaches that can be applied to promote learner development in the future. The findings revealed that STEM Education plays a significant role in fostering five essential learner competencies: 1) Communication Capacity, 2) Thinking Capacity, 3) Problem-Solving Capacity, 4) Capacity for Applying Life Skills, and 5) Capacity for Technological Application. These results are consistent with the objectives of the study, highlighting the role of STEM Education in developing learners with the essential skills needed to face the challenges of the 21st century.

Thailand’s Middle Power Diplomatic Strategy in the New Regional Order: A Case Study of the Thailand-China Community with a Shared Future

Amorn Wangukkarangkul — 2026-06-30

This academic article aims to analyze Thailand’s diplomatic strategy as an influential middle power within the context of the changing regional order in the 21st century, using the case study of Thailand-China relations under the Community with a Shared Future framework. The study employs a qualitative analytical approach through literature review on middle power diplomacy theory, policy document analysis of joint statements between Thailand and China, and examination of Thailand’s diplomatic behavior across various dimensions including development strategy alignment, economic and security cooperation, and multilateral engagement. The analysis reveals that Thailand has pursued a multidimensional diplomatic strategy reflecting key characteristics of middle powers: (1) a hedging strategy demonstrated through active economic engagement with China while maintaining diversified security partnerships; (2) a bridge-builder role between China and Southeast Asia through ASEAN mechanisms; and (3) niche diplomacy in areas where Thailand possesses comparative strengths, including food security and sustainable agriculture, medical tourism, the promotion of Universal Health Coverage, and the exercise of soft power through cultural exchange and tourism at the regional level. However, Thailand faces significant challenges in maintaining strategic autonomy amid intensifying great power competition, particularly pressure to choose sides between China and the United States, concerns about excessive economic dependence on China, and constraints in resources and political credibility. This article recommends that Thailand enhance transparency in large-scale cooperative projects, diversify economic and security risks, develop diplomatic and strategic analytical capabilities, strengthen ASEAN unity, and advance niche diplomacy aligned with national strengths.

Deepfake Technology: The Proliferation of Societal Threats

Pisan Amornratananuparp — 2026-06-30

Since the end of World War II, the deliberate creation of false information has become an integral part of Information Operations, used to shape public perception and gain strategic advantage in information warfare. Such content is often crafted systematically by experts in intelligence, public communication, and psychology to influence how audiences think and behave. In the twenty-first century, rapid advances in digital technology and Artificial Intelligence (AI) have made misinformation more complex and difficult to detect A key development is the emergence of “Deepfake” media-synthetic images, voices, and videos generated through advanced algorithms with a level of realism that can easily distort facts and undermine the credibility of information in society. Deepfake technology is, therefore not merely a new digital tool but a phenomenon that disrupts social trust and complicates the process of verifying truth. Thailand, like many other countries, faces growing risks from this evolving threat. This article aims to 1) explain the academic foundations of Deepfake technology, 2) examine its current and future impacts, and 3) review approaches to prevention and mitigation that may be adapted to the Thai context. The discussion highlights the importance of developing detection technologies, strengthening media literacy, and promoting digital ethics as essential safeguards for citizens in an increasingly complex information environment.

List of Editorial Board Members

National Defence Studies Institute Journal — 2026-06-30

Back Cover

National Defence Studies Institute Journal — 2026-06-30

Editorial

National Defence Studies Institute Journal — 2026-06-30

Factors Influencing the Acceptance of Electronic Drug Procurement Technology in Government Hospitals

Chadawan Chotwichian — 2026-06-30

This study primarily aimed to examine the influence of technology acceptance factors on the behavior of using electronic drug procurement technology among personnel in government hospitals, and secondarily to assess the level of technology acceptance and to compare differences in technology usage behavior across demographic characteristics. A quantitative research design was employed, using a structured questionnaire to collect data from the entire population (census) of 70 personnel. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, as well as inferential statistics, namely independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multiple regression analysis to examine relationships among variables within the population.
The results indicated that the overall level of technology acceptance was high, with behavioral intention showing the highest mean score, followed by attitude toward behavior and perceived usefulness, both with equal mean scores. Demographic characteristics did not have a statistically significant effect on technology usage behavior. Multiple regression analysis revealed that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and attitude toward behavior significantly influenced technology usage behavior, with perceived ease of use demonstrating the strongest positive effect, whereas subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention were not found to have a significant influence. The findings suggest that enhancing system usability and fostering positive user attitudes are essential strategies for improving the effectiveness of electronic drug procurement technology in public healthcare organizations.

Developing Academic Writing Skills for Air Cadet Research Papers

Primrata Jantarachotigul — 2026-06-30

This research article titled “Developing Academic Writing Skills for Air Cadet Research Papers” aims to 1) examine the language use in research papers written by Air cadets at the word level, which is a fundamental unit for constructing sentences and texts, and 2) propose guidelines for developing academic writing skills in these research papers. This research employed a qualitative methodology, collecting data from six research papers produced by Air cadets in the Engineering and Science disciplines between 2019 and 2023. The data were analyzed using content analysis techniques, with a theoretical framework based on the Iinguistic criteria of the Royal Institute of Thailand, as well as relevant literature and research studies.
The finding indicated that the cadets' experimental research papers exhibited several aspects of word-level language use requiring further development, including colloquial language usage, spelling errors, foreign linguistic patterns, lack of conciseness, and inappropriate pronoun usage. To enhance the quality of academic writing, the development of specialized tools and vocabulary resources is recommended. These resources would provide practical guidance for writing research papers in Engineering and Science within military educational institutions, ensuring language use that is both academically accurate and appropriate to the disciplinary context.

Implementing an Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI)-Based Practice Module to Enhance the English-Speaking Skills of Air Cadets

Wanicha Siraranghom — 2026-06-30

This study aimed 1) to assess the impact of an Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI)-Based Practice Module, designed in textbook form to mirror the OPI sequence, on the English-speaking proficiency of Air Cadets, and 2) to examine the module’s strengths and limitations through classroom observations. Participants were 23 fifth-year cadets at the Navaminda Kasatriyadhiraj Royal Air Force Academy, divided into a treatment group (n = 11) and a control group (n = 12). The treatment group practiced with the OPI-Based Module, while the control group followed the standard curriculum. Research instruments included the OPI-Based Practice Module, pre- and post-test OPIs aligned with CEFR descriptors, and structured classroom observations. Quantitative results showed that all 11 cadets in the treatment group (100%) improved: 5 advanced from A2 to A2+, 4 from A2 to B1, 1 from B1 to B2-, and 1 from B1+ to B2. In contrast, only 4 of 12 cadets (33%) in the control group showed noticeable gains, while others remained unchanged or slightly regressed. The strongest improvements were found in vocabulary range, discourse management, role-play interaction, and pragmatic competence. Qualitative findings confirmed that treatment group cadets gained greater confidence, participated more actively, and managed unpredictable communication tasks more effectively. Limitations included persistent grammatical errors, limited use of discourse markers, and time constraints during the intervention. Overall, the study indicates that the textbook-based OPI module is an effective tool for improving speaking proficiency and preparing cadets for oral proficiency assessments as well as authentic communication in professional and international contexts.

Guidelines for Developing the Organizational Identity of the Royal Thai Air Force

Arnuparp Nanti — 2026-06-30

The objectives of this research were 1) to examine the problems and needs related to the use of organizational identity of the Royal Thai Air Force, and 2) propose development guidelines and a Corporate Identity Manual applicable within a national security organization undergoing digital transformation. A qualitative research approach was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 10 key informants, divided into three groups: 1) policy-level executives (3 persons), 2) operational communication personnel (5 persons), and 3) external experts (2 persons), along with document and media analysis. The data were analyzed using content analysis and thematic synthesis.
The findings revealed four major systemic constraints: 1) inconsistency in the application of identity elements across organizational units, 2) ambiguity in the use of colors, symbols, and visual components, 3) a gap in translating identity policies into operational practices, and 4) limitations in public perception within the contemporary communication context. In addition, the study proposes organizational identity development as a strategic communication system, with key guidelines including: 1) establishing a central governing body for identity management, 2) developing a standardized corporate identity manual, 3) creating mechanisms for effective policy implementation, and 4) enhancing strategic communication to strengthen public perception. These approaches aimed to ensure coherence, credibility, and long-term consistency of the organizational image.

The Direction of Digital Games Industry to Enhance the Country's Capability to Become a World Class Destination

Gorn Huvanandana — 2026-06-30

This research aimed to explore scenarios and develop a “Futures Re-Framing” framework for Thailand's digital games industry to enhance its capability level to become World Class Destination. Qualitative research and foresight techniques were used. Two critical uncertainties were analyzed: government support policy and production costs. These factors formed four distinct future scenarios: “Minecraft,” “Dark Soul,” “All or Nothings,” and “Stardew Valley.”
The findings revealed that Thailand’s games industry is currently at a critical juncture. Without clear strategic support, the industry risks falling into stagnation or market monopoly. However, Thailand possesses the potential to reach desirable scenarios through strategic adjustments. The study proposes a paradigm shift in policy, moving from regulation to systemic promotion. Key recommendations include integrating the gaming industry into national strategies, establishing funding mechanisms for developers, reforming education to enhance personnel's advanced technological skills, and leveraging games as soft power tools for cultural export. This proposed framework aims to transform the gaming sector into a new economic and social infrastructure, fostering a sustainable creative economy ecosystem that positions Thailand competitively on the global stage.

Development of Conversational AI through Situation-Based Learning to Enhance General Staff Operational Competency for Student Officers in the Joint Operations Course

Krisanat Nakthong — 2026-06-30

This research aimed to develop a conversational Artificial Intelligence (AI) system integrated with a five-step Situation-Based Learning (SBL) framework to enhance the general staff operational capabilities of student officers in the Joint Operations Course. The study compared learning achievement before and after the intervention and analyzed
the development of general staff operational skills throughout the learning process. A quasi-experimental design was employed with 30 student officers from the Fiscal Year 2026 Joint Operations Course, selected through purposive sampling. The research instruments included a conversational AI system developed on the n8n platform, with integrated Gemini AI with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) technology. This system provided high-precision responses and was accessible via a LINE Official Account (LINE OA). Data collection tools comprised a learning achievement test and a general staff operations capability assessment form. Data were statistically analyzed using mean (M), standard deviation (S.D.), and paired-samples t-test.
The research findings were as follows: 1) The conversational AI system, developed according to the seven-stage Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), demonstrated “Very Good” quality. It was particularly highly rated for its immediate feedback and the modernity of its learning materials, both of which received the highest evaluation score (M = 5.00). The system successfully provided accurate military doctrine information through RAG technology. 2) The post-test learning achievement (T₂ ; M = 20.27) was significantly higher than pre-test scores (T₁ ; M =16.67) at the .05 level (p < .05). 3) The post-learning general staff operational capabilities in Personnel, Intelligence, and Logistics increased significantly at the .05 level (p < .05), and development across the three experimental phases (X₁ + X₂ + X₃) showed a consistent upward trend. In conclusion, the integration of conversational AI with SBL effectively elevates the operational readiness and capabilities of student officers.

The Application of Good Governance Principles in Managing Conflict among Personnel at the National Defense Studies Institute, Royal Thai Armed Forces Headquarters

Paiboon Thirasaksakul — 2026-06-30

This research aimed to investigate the patterns and causes of conflicts among military personnel at the National Defense Studies Institute, Royal Thai Armed Forces Headquarters; to examine the extent to which good governance principles were applied by personnel in managing conflicts; and to propose guidelines for conflict management based on good governance. A quantitative research method was employed. The sample consisted of 110 government officers, and data were collected through questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used for data analysis.
The findings revealed that the overall level of conflicts was high, with opinion-based conflicts occurring most frequently. The primary causes included unclear roles and responsibilities, ineffective communication, unequal distribution of resources, hierarchical differences, and military culture. The overall application of good governance principles was also at a high level, particularly the principles of accountability and the rule of law, whereas the principle of efficiency had the lowest average score. Hypothesis testing indicated that the application of good governance
had a statistically significant negative correlation with the level of conflicts (p < .01), especially in the dimensions of transparency and participation. The study suggests that promoting personnel participation, developing effective communication systems, ensuring fair resource allocation, and fostering an organizational culture that respects diverse opinions are essential. Further qualitative and comparative studies across different units are also recommended to develop more effective and sustainable conflict management approaches.

Assessing the Impact of Climate Shock on Tropical Economic Animals: The STEEPM Framework and the Application of AI and Big Data for Strategic Planning

Davids Makararpong — 2026-06-30

Climate change has intensified climate shocks such as droughts, flash floods, and heatwaves, which significantly disrupt livestock production in tropical regions. This study assesses these impacts using the STEEPM framework (Social, Technological, Economic, Environmental, Political,
and Military), combined with the application of AI and Big Data for strategic planning. The research employs a systematic review and synthesis of academic literature and case studies, focusing on Thailand and other climate-vulnerable tropical regions.
Findings structured according to the STEEPM framework reveal that climate-relate disater undermine farmers’ income and food security (Social), expose limitations in infrastructure and technology access (Technological), raise production costs (Economic), increase risks to animal health
from extreme weather (Environmental), underscore the need for proactive policy measures (Political), and threaten national food security as well as stability in border areas (Military). The study demonstrates that AI and Big Data offer substantial potential for risk prediction, risk-area mapping, and the development of early warning systems. It is therefore recommended that national livestock risk databases and smart agriculture platforms be established to enhance sustainable food security and climate resilience.

ศูนย์อนาคตทางยุทธศาสตร์กับการบริหารจัดการเชิงคาดการณ์กรณีศึกษา : ระบบ Risk Assessment and Horizon Scanning (RAHS) ของสิงคโปร์

Poomjai Leksuntarakorn — 2026-06-30

Journal Cover

National Defence Studies Institute Journal — 2026-06-30

Military Terms 101

RTARF Language Institute — 2026-06-30

National Defence Studies Institute Journal

Inner Cover Page

Activities of the National Defence Studies Institute

Objectives, Scope, and Publishing Conditions

Ethics in Publishing Academic Articles and Research Paper

Cybersecurity Education Based on Capture the Flag (CTF) Platforms

STEM Education and Learners’ Key Competencies: A Systematic Review of Educational Research

Thailand’s Middle Power Diplomatic Strategy in the New Regional Order: A Case Study of the Thailand-China Community with a Shared Future

Deepfake Technology: The Proliferation of Societal Threats

List of Editorial Board Members

Back Cover

Editorial

Table of Contents

Factors Influencing the Acceptance of Electronic Drug Procurement Technology in Government Hospitals

Developing Academic Writing Skills for Air Cadet Research Papers

Implementing an Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI)-Based Practice Module to Enhance the English-Speaking Skills of Air Cadets

Guidelines for Developing the Organizational Identity of the Royal Thai Air Force

The Direction of Digital Games Industry to Enhance the Country's Capability to Become a World Class Destination

Development of Conversational AI through Situation-Based Learning to Enhance General Staff Operational Competency for Student Officers in the Joint Operations Course

The Application of Good Governance Principles in Managing Conflict among Personnel at the National Defense Studies Institute, Royal Thai Armed Forces Headquarters

Assessing the Impact of Climate Shock on Tropical Economic Animals: The STEEPM Framework and the Application of AI and Big Data for Strategic Planning

ศูนย์อนาคตทางยุทธศาสตร์กับการบริหารจัดการเชิงคาดการณ์กรณีศึกษา : ระบบ Risk Assessment and Horizon Scanning (RAHS) ของสิงคโปร์

Journal Cover

Military Terms 101