Journal of Social Work and Social Administration

Resilience and Adaptability in Social Work Practice Under Crisis

Associate Professor, Sukhuma Aroonjit, Ph.D. — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The COVID-19 crisis starkly highlighted the adaptation for human survival at individual, organizational, community and social levels. An important dimension is the resilience that comes from dealing with situations that arise and returning to a normal situation once again. The purpose of this article aims to study the resilience adaptability in social work practice under the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. Data were collected from in-depth interviews with 16 social workers. Data was analyzed by content analysis, interpretation and inductive analysis. It was found that the performance of social workers' roles and responsibilities under the challenges of the pandemic crisis required work within the scope of government disease control measures, stress conditions, risk of infection, expectations of service recipients, agencies and society towards the social workers providing assistance. These factors push social workers to become resilient and to change their behaviors, feelings, beliefs, and environments to the corresponding changing situations, as well as seek new methods of working, finding solutions by relying on advanced technology, relying on operation networks, adjusting operational strategies to solve problems, and seeking social support and guidelines to create resilience in responding to current and future crises. Findings show that social workers should practice controlling their body, mind, and consciousness in dealing with different situations. Defining guidelines to create resilience requires a long-term plan in order to learn lessons, establish knowledge from past experiences, and to strengthen communities and all sectors as a base for helping each other. At the same time, government sectors should be aware of participatory governance, resource distribution, and building social protection programs that cover all citizens, especially vulnerable groups.

The Rug Pull: Crime on Decentralized Finance (DeFi)

Kullanan Sricharoen — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This article explores Rug Pull issues, a crime in Decentralized Finance (DeFi), analyzes Rug Pull schemes and factors that have emerged, and includes suggestions on how to prevent them from emerging. This is qualitative research, using documentary research.

It was found that DeFi, uses emerging technology to remove third parties and centralized institutions from financial transactions. Peer-to-peer (P2P) financial transactions are one of the core premises behind DeFi, where both parties agree to exchange digital assets for goods or services without a third party involved. This means that loans are backed by smart contracts that are completed based on the terms both parties, the lender and the borrower, agreed to. Anonymity and a lack of inspection and risk assessment from regulators, hence most DeFi applications, give rise to risks of illicit use, facilitating misconduct. The issuance of promotions or trading on DeFi platforms could be considered non-compliant in many jurisdictions. Equally, when DeFi platforms or activities currently fall outside of the regulated space in some jurisdictions, they raise risks that may be left unaddressed by existing rules. The study of the problems of Rug Pull thus caused four key problems: Globalization, Risk Society, Legal, and International Cooperation. There are three main types of Rug Pull: Liquidity Stealing, Pump-and-Dump, and Limiting sell orders. There were three key factors affecting Rug Pull utilizing Routine Activity Theory: Potential Offender, Digital Asset Investor, and The Absence of Guardians Capable.Finally, the appropriate approach for preventing rug pull is establishing strong network development in terms of digital assets, The integration of important information is a necessary condition for the success of law enforcement in interstate securities trading without federal registration, to raise awareness about the risks of investing in digital assets with the cooperation of the government, private sector, and online community.

Research Synthesis of Teenage Pregnancy Base on Human Rights Concept

Chayanut Nindee, Associate Professor, Sukhuma Aroonjit, Ph.D. — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Research synthesis of teenage pregnancy base on human rights concept was aimed at synthesizing the issues in adolescent pregnancy under the concept of human rights. A total of 92 volumes; the quantitative was synthesized by meta-analysis, and interpretation analysis was used for the qualitative research. According to the analysis results, the study found 8 and influential issues: 1) self-esteem; 2) attitudes toward pregnancy; 3) social supports from agencies; 4) social supports from families; 5) self-care behaviors; 6) knowledge and understanding of pregnant adolescents' rights; 7) provision of appropriate services for pregnant adolescents; and 8) social biases.

The recommendations as follows: 1) A forcing mechanism should be created for the Prevention and Solution of the Adolescent Pregnancy Problem Act, B.E. 2559 (2016), to achieve the real objectives. 2) A support policy should be made to promote learning and teaching sex education. 3) A control policy of the media should be made in representing the issues to prevent pregnancy for people who lack readiness and promoting guidelines for accessing services for them. 4) A promotion policy to support family strengths should be made. 5) A promotion policy should be made to support all sectors in taking part in the development of family institutions. 6) A promotion policy should be made to support knowledge and understanding of reproductive health rights at all stages. 7) A mechanism to integrate the operations of all agencies should be created. 8) A policy that is conducive to reducing gender bias in society. 9) A policy that raises the opportunity to access public health services should be made. 10) The policymaking related to adolescent pregnancy should be based on the concepts of human rights as a role model and approach to reduce direct and indirect human violations that may occur to teenage mothers.

Social Capital in Addressing Palliative Care Service to Patients and Their Families: Lesson Learned from Muang Nam Dam Volunteer Group and Kalasin Municipality

Assistant Professor, Jiraphan Naruepatr, Ph.D. — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This research is a qualitative study with the objectives of examining and extracting lessons from the use of social capital in palliative care for patients and their families provided by the Muang Nam Dam volunteer group and the Kalasin municipality. It aims to recommend formal community palliative care policies for Thailand’s government municipality-level administrations in the Northeast. The study is based on field data collection through in-depth interviews with the key informants, comprising leaders and representatives from Kalasin City municipality (11 people), Muang Nam Dam and its networks (14 people), and patients and families (7 people), totaling 32 individuals. The study identified essential operational principles of the network, functioning as both a primary and secondary network, fostering teamwork, emphasizing transparency while respecting the rights and decisions of patients and families, and operating based on knowledge, which align with the characteristics of social capital. Moreover, its main aspects of care services were “being with”, providing companionship as family members, and “doing for”, offering support services to address psychological and social needs. To incorporate social capital factors, which were derived and constructed from group and network relationships, shared objectives, trust and mutual reciprocity, the study recommended that the local government should enhance the participation of the active elderly, the youth, and the educational institutes, improve readiness regarding management and appropriate timing for network expansion, adopt a holistic view of health, and apply social capital in the municipality's community health policy.

Performance evaluation of Bueng Yitho Day Care and Day Service Center for the Elderly

Associate Professor, Wanalak Miankerd, Ph.D. — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This research is an evaluation study research employing the CIPPiest Model. Its purpose is to study the provision of services, assess performance, and identify areas for further improvement in the operations of day care centers for the elderly, established by Bueng Yitho Municipality in 2019 as an alternative service for the elderly in the community. There were approximately 30 service users, specifically 7-10 persons daily. Based on the results of the operational assessment, all criteria have been achieved as follows: 1) Context: The municipality's policies were in line with those executed by the government. The number of elderly individuals in need of rehabilitation has been increasing, creating an atmosphere conducive to the concrete establishment of the center; 2) Input: Personnel, budgets, documents, and planning and implementation time were found to be appropriate; 3) Process: the municipality has prioritized systematic management, service provision, and evaluation with established mechanisms and tools; 4) Output: a range of activities spanning health, physiotherapy, and social and psychological care for both group and private services were offered on a case-by-case basis while the elderly were regarded as the core of the services; 5) Impact: caregivers receivesupport and relief from elderly caretaking tasks during the day. Moreover, the center was recognized by the HAPI Award in the field of community initiatives from Japanese, thus creating an impact on international organizations; 6) Evaluation of effectiveness: the services enable the elderly to engage in more daily activities, maintain physical condition, and promote self-reliance; 7) Sustainability: the center has continuously provided services and developed their operation into a training center; and 8) Knowledge transfer: ongoing knowledge exchange with at least 2 local government organizations interested in establishing a center. For as suggestions for the development, the municipality should develop and apply technology in services offered to the elderly and consider acquiring additional staff for certain positions, e.g., facilitators and social workers, to complete the service integration across all facets. At the operational level, public awareness should be raised through increased public communications and involvement of families and communities to support elderly care. A wider variety of activities should be developed to allow the elderly to choose activities they are interested in independently.

Alternative Workfare to Enable Self-Employment: A Case Study of Hang Chat District, Lampang Province

Nualprang Aroonjit — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This article investigated the concept of enabling workfare to promote work and skill development. Qualitative research was conducted using survey data collected from five selected communities in Hang Chat District, Lampang Province. The results indicate that community welfare management relies on the community's ability to maintain autonomy and preserve its local identity. The implementation of flexicurity, which combines flexibility and security in community context. These findings emphasize the significance of workfare as an alternative approach to develop the community economy, a self-employment option leading to enabling workfare to boost occupational security and self-employed income, promoting human capital development, and providing proactive welfare emphasizing community productivity for local foundation development.

Preventing Domestic Violence against Children through Family, School, and Community Participation

Natsarin Seasa, Associate Professor, Narit Doungsuwan, Ph.D. — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This participatory action research focused on preventing domestic violence against children in a community in Yala Province with the participation of family, school, and community. Its objective was to safeguard children from violence in the family through a participatory process involving family, school, and community.

The study revealed that children in the target community had suffered from physical and mental abuse due to several reasons including 1) local values such as “spare the rod and spoil the child,” or “children are parental property and parents are their owners”; 2) economy; 3) moral standard or religious beliefs; and 4) drug abuse. To prevent violence against the children in this community, families watched over their children closely and practiced the religious way of life and child raising. Primary schools, both in conventional and religious education, played a role in providing knowledge, nurturing, caring for, and observing children’s behavior along with visiting their households. On the community level, community leaders and religious leaders were responsible for giving advice, mediating, and referring other relevant agencies for further assistance. It was evident that the participation of family, school, and community involved cooperation with an understanding of one’s own roles and responsibilities to care for, protect, and safeguard children in the community from all kinds of violence.

It is recommended that an additional agency for children be established at the district or sub-district level to facilitate services pertaining to children. This will be an effective and productive mechanism to protect, safeguard, and care for children in the area to keep them safe from violence perpetrated by family members, or to respond quickly to any child-related incidents and provide them with the maximum benefit.

Guidelines for Upgrading and Developing Product Marketing Channels for Agricultural Products that are Out-of-Grade and left behind in a Case Study: Chom Pratat Community, Ratchaburi Province

Lecturer Dr. Rachanida Rodiew, Kitisak Thongmeethip — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The objectives of this research are to 1) develop products from agricultural leftovers in a community. 2) Develop marketing strategies for leftover subgrade agricultural products in Chom Pratat Subdistrict, Wat Phleng District, Ratchaburi Province. This research was conducted according to the steps of the social learning process (SLP) theory, consisting of 6 steps, namely, increase awareness of the problem, find options to solve problems, decide on a choice, learn and do, evaluate the activities, and improve the protocol. As a matter of fact, the agricultural waste was created by people in the community reflecting the problem of large amounts of leftover banana trees wanting to add value. Therefore, the research question arises: How can banana peels be used and add value? The researcher then conducted public relations to find interested groups who are aware of the waste problem from agricultural waste materials. In the area of Chom Pratat Subdistrict and nearby subdistricts, there are 20 cases, consisting of members of housewives, farmers, community leaders, elderly people, and retired government teachers were Join the project.

The results found that: 1) Training on processing waste agricultural products is critical, as evidenced by the transformation of Namwa banana trees into banana sheath paper, which can then be processed into sandalwood flowers, wreaths, and bags. This will help increase income for these people. 2) Creating marketing channels to increase income for the group can be divided into 2 channels: selling online through the members' Facebook pages and selling through the storefront of the group. Housewives' club can be a potential distributor. This involvement in reducing community waste not only strengthens cooperation within the community and reduces stress for the elderly, but also creates jobs and increases income for communities in a sustainable manner.

ฺBook Review: The Psychology of Fake News: Accepting, Sharing, and Correcting Misinformation

Lecturer Dr.Nalinee Nakittipha Chuakhamfoo — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

ในยุคสมัยที่ทุกคนสามารถเข้าถึงข้อมูลข่าวสารได้ตลอดเวลา รวดเร็ว และท่วมท้น ซึ่งเป็นผลพวงจากความก้าวหน้าทางเทคโนโลยีอินเตอร์เน็ต ส่งผลให้ข้อมูลที่มีอยู่เป็นจำนวนมากมีทั้งข้อเท็จจริง ข้อมูลบิดเบือน ข้อมูลเท็จ และข่าวลวง กล่าวคือ ขณะนี้เราอยู่ในยุคสมัยที่ขอบเขตของเรื่องจริงกับเรื่องแต่งนั้นมีความชัดเจนน้อยลงเรื่อยมา ซึ่งบุคคลต้องประสพพบเจอในชีวิตประจำวันอย่างหลีกเลี่ยงไม่ได้ หนังสือ The Psychology of Fake News: Accepting, Sharing, and Correcting Misinformation ได้นำเสนอองค์ความรู้เพื่อชี้ให้เห็นว่าข้อมูลบิดเบือนถูกแพร่ไปอย่างไร ผ่านมุมมองของนักจิตวิทยาสังคมและนักวิจัยชั้นนำในสาขาที่เกี่ยวข้อง พร้อมทั้งอธิบายถึงกระบวนการของการรู้คิดของมนุษย์ที่ตอบสนองต่อข่าวลวง กลุ่มนักวิจัยระดับแนวหน้าของโลกได้นำเสนอเนื้อหาเกี่ยวกับข่าวลวงในหนังสือเล่มนี้โดยจัดสรรเนื้อหาเป็น 12 บท ภายใต้ 3 ตอน โดยเนื้อหาในหนังสือเล่มนี้พยายามนำเสนอองค์ความรู้เพื่อให้เกิดการทำความเข้าใจปัญหาและชวนให้ผู้อ่านได้คิดถึงประเด็นว่าในฐานะผู้บริโภคข้อมูลซึ่งบางครั้งอาจเป็นผู้ผลิตข้อมูลจะสามารถทำอย่างไรกับข่าวลวงและข้อมูลบิดเบือนต่างๆได้บ้าง

Hate Speech: Transmitting Hatred on Online Social Media to Criminal Acts

Ramida Sangsawat — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This article presents the issue arising from the unrestricted spread of hate speech on online social media platforms. The author illustrates cases of crimes that have occurred internationally and discusses with the concept of self-presentation of Erving Goffman, the social cognitive learning theory of Albert Bandura and the differential association theory of Edwin Sutherland. The author has an opinion that if hate speech, a form of violence, becomes a frequent occurrence on social media, individuals who harbor prejudice against individuals or groups based on their identities may unintentionally learn from persuasive media content, potentially leading to the development of their biased mindset. Ultimately, this can spiral into an endless cycle of violence. These instances serve as indicators that online social media plays a significant role in perpetuating hatred and animosity towards differences. Moreover, it can exacerbate the resulting consequences into heightened dangers.

A Study of Common Prosperity in China: The National Analysis Based on Bibliometric and Data Visualization

Rong Kang Ping, Lecturer Dr. Chokchai Suttawet — Mon, 20 May 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Common prosperity is crucial for people’s social welfare in both capitalist and socialist systems, embodying a quest for equity and justice. With the rapid development of China's economy and society, the widening wealth gap has garnered widespread social attention. As China faces a widening wealth gap amid rapid progress, exploring common prosperity is vital for shaping effective social welfare strategies. This research aims to deepen the understanding of the current state of research, hotspots, and frontier development of common prosperity in China, this study uses CiteSpace 6.2.R4 software to conduct a bibliometric and visualization analysis of 1,596 documents collected from the Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index (CSSCI) in the CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) database from 2012 to 2022.

Research on common prosperity within the Chinese academic sphere has experienced a significant surge since 2012, with findings primarily disseminated through journals focusing on social sciences and Marxist theory. Through the application of keyword co-occurrence and cluster analysis, it has been identified that theories of common prosperity under Chinese socialism, the advancement of common prosperity through social security systems and mechanisms, and the contribution of rural revitalization to firmly advancing common prosperity constitute three principal areas of focus. Furthermore, an analysis utilizing emerging keyword trends has highlighted that the in-depth integration of common prosperity with the new concept of shared development, the innovative progression of the targeted poverty alleviation concept in alignment with common prosperity, and the emphasis on maintaining the predominance of the public ownership system in achieving common prosperity represent the current research hotspots in Chinese academia.

Future research within the Chinese academic community must continually enrich the theoretical framework of common prosperity. It should also prioritize investigations into the development pathways, models, and evaluative measures regarding the extent of development in the practical aspects of common prosperity.