The Role of Interorganizational Relationships in the Adoption of Chest X-ray Artificial Intelligence Innovation in Thai Public Hospitals: Multiple Case Studies
Keywords:
Interorganizational relationships, artificial intelligence, adoption of innovation, public hospitals, ThailandAbstract
This article explores the characteristics and roles of interorganizational relationships (IORs) in promoting the adoption of chest X-ray interpretation artificial intelligence (CXR-AI) innovation in public hospitals. The main research question is, “What are the characteristics and roles of IORs that influence the adoption of CXR-AI in Thai public hospitals?” This study employed a qualitative, multiple-case study research method. Six public hospitals in Thailand that adopted CXR-AI innovation were selected as cases, varying in terms of sources of innovation and hospital types. Data were collected through in-depth interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire with 28 key informants involved in the adoption process. The study found that resource-scarce hospitals can mobilize the resources necessary for AI adoption through formal networks. Supplier-client relationships with outsourced IT services provide ideas, technical support, and funding for CXR-AI development. They also functioned as system integrators, linking hospitals to the existing CXR-AI services. Interpersonal relationships may strengthen into more formal R&D collaborations, facilitating the transfer of external knowledge into hospitals. Furthermore, the organizational proximity of collaborating partners can support CXR-AI development projects by reducing obstacles in the medical data-sharing process. However, the influence of interpersonal relationships and proximity varies based on the source of innovation rather than the hospital type. Understanding the influence of IORs as initial conditions for hospitals could help policymakers design measures to improve a hospital’s access to essential innovations. Also, by establishing networks between hospitals and external government agencies, early adopters and innovators can create opportunities to steer resources and knowledge to hospitals in need.
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