A Study of Sexuality Meanings and Sexual Behaviors among Female University Students in the Lower Northern Region of Thailand

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to 1) examine the socialization processes influencing female university students' meanings, thoughts, and beliefs regarding sexuality; 2) explore the meanings and perspectives on sexuality as constructed by female university students; and 3) investigate the sexual
well-being experiences of female university students in the Lower Northern Region of Thailand. A mixed-methods research design was employed. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were examined through content analysis and interpretive analysis. The findings revealed that female university students continue to be influenced by traditional social values, such as the belief that sexual intercourse should not occur at an early age and that women should conform to conventional gender roles. At the same time, participants defined sexuality as a multidimensional concept encompassing love, relationships, emotions, and sexual diversity. These perspectives reflect ongoing social changes and
the influence of digital media in contemporary society. Regarding the process of socialization, the study found that family, educational institutions, peers, and online media collectively shape students’ attitudes and sexual behaviors. Families that promote open communication and positive learning about sexuality contribute to greater sexual knowledge and more appropriate sexual behaviors among female students. In contrast, schools tend to emphasize academic and biological aspects of sex education rather than
its social and emotional dimensions. Peers and online media emerged as important sources of information regarding sexuality. In terms of sexual well-being experiences, most participants reported initiating sexual intercourse between the ages of 18 and 19, typically within the context of romantic relationships. Some participants engaged in risky sexual behaviors, such as not using condoms during their first sexual experience (54.8%). However, the majority demonstrated increasing awareness and knowledge regarding sexual health and protection. The findings suggest that female students’ sexuality is shaped
by multiple interconnected factors, including family, society, culture, education, and digital media. Therefore, promoting sexual well-being should adopt a holistic approach that enhances knowledge, attitudes, and decision-making skills related to sexuality, enabling young women to engage in safe, responsible, and healthy sexual behaviors.