Transitional Architecture of King Rama VII Era
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Jun 28, 2021
Keywords:
King Prajadhipok transitional architecture Siam/Thailand Science Building Chakrabongse Building The Rama I Monument and Memorial Bridge lai Kang Won Palace Chalermkrung Theatre
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Abstract
The architecture of the King Prajadhipok (Rama VII) era is used to divide eras that preceding and following it (of the Rama VI and Khana Ratsadon eras, respectively). However, not include the study in a political perspective, many architectural contexts of this era have been overlooked. A closer reading of that architecture can reveal powerful clues to what was to follow and insights into reactionary movements of more recent times. The paper discusses emblematic buildings of Chulalongkorn University from the Rama VII reign that reflect the transformations in both architectural style and practice at that time. The account then shifts to buildings that more closely reflect both the personality and the agenda of the King: Chalermkrung Theatre, his own Klai Kang Won Palace in Hua Hin (also subsequently favoured by Rama IX), and the Rama I Monument and Memorial Bridge. The paper concludes with reflections on traces from the Rama VII era in the architecture of the Khana Ratsadon and in the return to subsequent traditional representation.
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References
Sources (Thai)
Chalermpol Tosaradej. “kānsưksā phonngā nakā rō̜ ʻok bǣp sathāpattayakam khō̜nglūang wisān sinlapakam (chư̄a patthama čhindā) [The study of architectural design of Luang Visal Silpakam (Chue Pattamajinda)].” Master Thesis, Silpakorn University, 2006.
Chatri Prakitnonthakan. kānmư̄ang læ sangkhom nai sinlapa sathāpattayakam Sayām samai Thai prayuk chātniyom [Politics and socials in architectural, Siam’s period–applied Thai–nationalism]. Bangkok: Matichon, 2007.
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Pirasri Povatong. phatthanākān sathāpat tayakam nai Sayām nai ratchakān phra bāt somdet prapokklao čhaoyūhūa (Phō̜.Sō̜. 2468–2477) [The development of the architecture in Siam during King Prajadhipok’s period (1925–1934)]. Bangkok: King Prajadhipok’s Institute, 2020.
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Somchart Chungsiriarak. sathāpattayakam bǣp tawantok nai Sayām samai ratchakān thī sī- Phō̜.Sō̜. 2480 [The Western style architecture in Siam during King Rama IV–1937]. Bangkok: Faculty of Architecture, Silpakorn University, 2010.
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Chua, Lawrence. “Absolutism and air-conditioning in early twentieth-century Bangkok cinemas.” The Senses and Society 6, 2 (2011): 216-221.
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Patsorn Sungsri. “Thai cinema as national cinema: An evaluative history.” Ph.D. Thesis, Murdoch University, 2004.
Porphant Ouyyanont. “Bangkok's population and the Ministry of the Capital in early 20th century Thai history.” Southeast Asian Studies 35, 2 (September 1997): 240-260.
Thanavi Chotpradit. “Revolution versus Counter-Revolution: The People' Party and the royalist(s) in visual dialogue.” (Ph.D. Thesis, Birkbeck College, University of London, 2016.
Thompson. Frederick W. “The Mechanical gear of Bangkok Memorial Bridge, Siam.” Selected Engineering Papers 1, 149 (1933): 2-20.
Wardleworth, Dennis. “The RIBA Gold Medal of 1923 and London Architecture Medal of 1934: John Burnet and Thomas Tait, early British Modernism, and the pylons of Sydney Harbour Bridge.” In Proceedings of the Society of Architectural historians, Australia and New Zealand, 33, Gold, 700-709. Edited by AnnMarie Brennan and Philip Goad. Melbourne: SAHANZ, 2016.
Chalermpol Tosaradej. “kānsưksā phonngā nakā rō̜ ʻok bǣp sathāpattayakam khō̜nglūang wisān sinlapakam (chư̄a patthama čhindā) [The study of architectural design of Luang Visal Silpakam (Chue Pattamajinda)].” Master Thesis, Silpakorn University, 2006.
Chatri Prakitnonthakan. kānmư̄ang læ sangkhom nai sinlapa sathāpattayakam Sayām samai Thai prayuk chātniyom [Politics and socials in architectural, Siam’s period–applied Thai–nationalism]. Bangkok: Matichon, 2007.
Chatri Prakitnonthakan. sinlapa sathāpattayakam khana rātsadō̜n [Arts and architecture of the People’s Party]. 4th ed. Bangkok: Matichon, 2020.
Chiranut Sopha and Wanichaya Seelabutra. Phrabāt Somdet Phra Pokklao Čhaoyūhūa kap kān songsoēm sinlapa watthanatham phư̄a kān damrong khwāmpen ʻāraya khō̜ng Sayām prathēt nai yuk plīan phān [King Prajadhipok and the art and cultural promoting for Siamese civilization's maintenance during transitional period]. Bangkok: King Prajadhipok's Institute, 2017.
Kumthorn Thirakhupt Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University. prawat phāk chīwawitthayā [History of Department of Biology]. Accessed August 11, 2020. Available from: http://www.biology.sc.chula.ac.th/history.html
Naengnoi Suksri. mō̜radok sathāpattayakam krung Rattanakōsin lem 2 [the legacy of architecture of Rattanakosin part 2]. Bangkok: Bangkok printing, 1994.
Nidhi Eoseewong. chāt Thai, mư̄ang Thai, bǣprīan læ ʻanusāwarī wādūai watthanatham, rat læ rūp kān čhitsamnưk [Thai nation, Thailand, textbook and monument]. 4th ed. Bangkok: Matichon, 2014.
Pathomroek Wongsaengkham. “Thai architectural design of Phra Saroj Rattananimman (Saroj Sookhayang), Architectural contextualism and inspirational archetypes.” Academic journal of Architecture 70, 1 (January–June 2020): 67-82.
Pirasri Povatong. phatthanākān sathāpat tayakam nai Sayām nai ratchakān phra bāt somdet prapokklao čhaoyūhūa (Phō̜.Sō̜. 2468–2477) [The development of the architecture in Siam during King Prajadhipok’s period (1925–1934)]. Bangkok: King Prajadhipok’s Institute, 2020.
Sarunyou Thepsongkraow. “kānmư̄ang wādūai ʻanusāwarī phrapokklao...kap nǣokhit kasat nak prachāthipatai lang kān ratthaprahān Phō̜.Sō̜. 2494) [The political of King Prajadhipok’s Monument and the concept of the democracy king after the 1951 revolution].” Art & Culture Magazine 35, 2 (December 2013): 104-127.
Somchart Chungsiriarak. sathāpattayakam bǣp tawantok nai Sayām samai ratchakān thī sī- Phō̜.Sō̜. 2480 [The Western style architecture in Siam during King Rama IV–1937]. Bangkok: Faculty of Architecture, Silpakorn University, 2010.
Somchart Chungsiriarak. sathāpattayakam Civilize hǣngchāt: sēnthāng hōihā khō̜ng Yīpun læ Sayām chūang klāng satawat thī sipkāo thưng klāng satawat thī yīsip [Modern Architecture for a civilized nation: A comparative study of the searching between Japan and Siam from the mid 19th century to the mid 20th century]. Bangkok: The Association of Siamese Architects under Royal Patronage, 2020.
Songyode Semaganit. “kānsưksā sathāpattayakam Thai praphēnī khanāt yai phư̄a kānʻō̜kbǣp ʻākhān hō̜prachum phut monthon čhangwat Nakhō̜n Pathom [A study of large scale traditional Thai architecture for designing the Buddhamonthon Auditorium, NakornPathom province].” Master Thesis, Chulalongkorn University, 2007.
Sources (English)
Aasen, Clarence. Architecture of Siam: A cultural history interpretation New York: Oxford University Press, 1998.
Batson, Benjamin A. Siam’s political future: Documents from the end of absolute monarchy. New York: Cornell University Southeast Asia Program, 1974.
Chomchon Fusinpaiboon. “Modernisation of building: The transplantation of the concept of architecture from Europe to Thailand, 1930s–1950s.” Ph.D. Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014.
Chua, Lawrence. “Absolutism and air-conditioning in early twentieth-century Bangkok cinemas.” The Senses and Society 6, 2 (2011): 216-221.
Ferrara, Federico. “The legend of King Prajadhipok: Tall tales and stubborn facts on the seventh reign in Siam.” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 43, 1 (February 2012): 4-31.
King, Ross, and Sompong Anmuay-Ngerntra. “Heritage and interpretation: A tale of three palaces.” In Heritage and identity in contemporary Thailand, Edited by Ross King, 48–67. Singapore: NUS Press, 2017.
Koompong Noobanjong. “Power, identity, and the rise of Modern Architecture, from Siam to Thailand.” Ph.D. Thesis, the University of Colorado at Denver, 2003.
Lewi, Hannah, and Philip Goad. Australia modern. Port Melbourne: Thames & Hudson Australia Pty Ltd, 2019.
Oxford Reference. A dictionary of architecture and landscape architecture, transitional architecture. Accessed March 3, 2021. Available from: https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198606789.001.0001/acref-97801 98606789-e-4772?rskey=UJpMPw&result=5601.
Patsorn Sungsri. “Thai cinema as national cinema: An evaluative history.” Ph.D. Thesis, Murdoch University, 2004.
Porphant Ouyyanont. “Bangkok's population and the Ministry of the Capital in early 20th century Thai history.” Southeast Asian Studies 35, 2 (September 1997): 240-260.
Thanavi Chotpradit. “Revolution versus Counter-Revolution: The People' Party and the royalist(s) in visual dialogue.” (Ph.D. Thesis, Birkbeck College, University of London, 2016.
Thompson. Frederick W. “The Mechanical gear of Bangkok Memorial Bridge, Siam.” Selected Engineering Papers 1, 149 (1933): 2-20.
Wardleworth, Dennis. “The RIBA Gold Medal of 1923 and London Architecture Medal of 1934: John Burnet and Thomas Tait, early British Modernism, and the pylons of Sydney Harbour Bridge.” In Proceedings of the Society of Architectural historians, Australia and New Zealand, 33, Gold, 700-709. Edited by AnnMarie Brennan and Philip Goad. Melbourne: SAHANZ, 2016.