การปรับเปลี่ยนกระบวนทัศน์นโยบายการพัฒนาความเท่าเทียม ทางเพศในประเทศไทย: ความเท่าเทียม vs. ความแตกต่าง
คำสำคัญ:
ความเท่าเทียมทางเพศ, การเสริมพลังสตรี, แผนปฏิบัติการระดับชาติ, การเปลี่ยนแปลงกระบวนทัศน์บทคัดย่อ
บทความนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาการเปลี่ยนแปลงกระบวนทัศน์ในนโยบายการพัฒนา ความเท่าเทียมทางเพศของประเทศไทย จากการมุ่งเน้นความเท่าเทียม (การปฏิบัติที่เท่าเทียมกัน) ไปสู่การตระหนักและจัดการกับความแตกต่างทางเพศ แม้จะมีความก้าวหน้าอย่างมีนัยสำคัญในการ พัฒนาสตรีผ่านนโยบายและโครงการที่มุ่งส่งเสริมความเสมอภาคทางเพศและการเสริมพลัง ความไม่เท่าเทียมทางเพศและการเลือกปฏิบัติยังคงเป็นปัญหาสำคัญในประเทศไทย การศึกษานี้ ใช้การวิเคราะห์วาทกรรมของ Michel Foucault (1970, 1972, 1991) และแนวคิดเชิงวิพากษ์ของ Luce Irrigaray เกี่ยวกับความแตกต่างทางเพศในระบบทุนนิยมเสรีนิยมใหม่ (1985, 1995) เพื่อวิเคราะห์การสร้างความหมายของ “ผู้หญิง” ในแผนปฏิบัติการระดับชาติว่าด้วยการพัฒนาสตรี (พ.ศ. 2566-2570) ของประเทศไทย ผลการศึกษาชี้ให้เห็นว่าการมุ่งเน้นความเสมอภาคทางเพศและ การเสริมพลังสตรีในนโยบายเป็นแนวปฏิบัติที่ไม่คำนึงถึงความแตกต่างทางเพศ ซึ่งไม่ได้พิจารณา ถึงบทบาทที่แตกต่างกันและความต้องการที่หลากหลายของผู้หญิง ส่งผลให้แผนระดับชาติยังคงรักษา สถานะเดิมและไม่ได้เปลี่ยนแปลงโครงสร้างความสัมพันธ์ทางเพศที่ไม่เท่าเทียมในประเทศไทย อย่างแท้จริง บทความนี้สรุปด้วยการเน้นย้ำถึงความจำเป็นในการใช้แนวทางที่ละเอียดอ่อนมากขึ้น ต่อนโยบายความเสมอภาคทางเพศ ซึ่งตระหนักและจัดการกับความซับซ้อนของการตัดกันระหว่าง เพศสภาพกับรูปแบบอื่น ๆ ของความแตกต่างทางสังคม
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