The Existence of Spirit Medium “Chumaxian” of Animals Spirit in Northeast China: A Ritual Performance Approach
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Abstract
Chumaxian is a unique folk cultural phenomenon in Northeast China. Its core purpose is to accumulate merit, perform good deeds, and cultivate character through spirit possession and communication with deities. It serves not only as a guardian of family ethics but also as a spiritual bond maintaining community cohesion. Chumaxian integrates shamanism, Buddhist and Taoist traditions, and folk beliefs, providing believers with psychological comfort and practical guidance through possession rituals. Field research shows that chumaxian emphasizes virtue, integrating helping others and praying for blessings into daily life, demonstrating a high degree of moral self-discipline and a strong sense of community responsibility.
Despite the impact of modernization, chumaxian beliefs have not disappeared but have transformed through ritual innovation and cultural reconstruction. Believers utilize online platforms to spread their teachings and simplify traditional rituals, combining them with the needs of modern life. This has opened up new paths for transmission in a marginalized context. This cultural resilience not only reflects the adaptability of folk beliefs but also demonstrates their spiritual value in contemporary society.
This research provides a vivid example for understanding the regional spirit of Northeast China and offers insights into the preservation of folk culture: only by respecting its intrinsic dynamics can the creative transformation of traditional beliefs be achieved.
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References
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