The Effects of Social Entrepreneurship on the Perceived Performance of Social Enterprises in Thailand
Main Article Content
Abstract
The objectives of this research were to examine: (1) the effects of social entrepreneurship on effective teams, innovation, and competitiveness of social enterprises in Thailand; (2) the effects of effective teams on innovation and competitiveness; (3) the effects of innovation on competitiveness and perceived performance; and (4) the effects of competitiveness on perceived performance of social enterprises in Thailand. This study employed a mixed-methods research design. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with 9 key informants, while quantitative data were gathered from 440 executives and personnel in social enterprises. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results revealed that: (1) social entrepreneurship had a positive effect on effective teams but did not affect innovation and competitiveness; (2) effective teams did not affect innovation but had a positive effect on competitiveness; (3) innovation had a positive effect on competitiveness and perceived performance; and (4) competitiveness had a positive effect on perceived performance of social enterprises in Thailand. The findings reflect that social entrepreneurship is a crucial factor in developing effective teams, which serve as a foundation for strengthening competitiveness. Furthermore, when innovation is continuously developed, it helps enhance both the competitiveness and organizational performance. Therefore, social enterprises should prioritize fostering social entrepreneurship, building effective teams, and promoting innovation to enhance competitiveness and achieve sustainable growth.
Article Details

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
กอบชัย เมฆดี คณัสนันท์ สงวนสัตย์ ศิขรินทร์ เที่ยงทัต และวิทยา นามเสาร์. (2567). ธุรกิจเพื่อสังคมในประเทศไทย: ความท้าทายและโอกาสสำหรับการพัฒนาอย่างยั่งยืน. วารสารวิทยาการจัดการปริทัศน์, 26(3), 233-241.
กัลยา วานิชย์บัญชา. (2554). การวิเคราะห์สถิติขั้นสูงด้วย SPSS for Windows. (พิมพ์ครั้งที่ 9). กรุงเทพฯ: ธรรมสาร.
สำนักงานคณะกรรมการพัฒนาการเศรษฐกิจและสังคมแห่งชาติ. (2561). ยุทธศาสตร์ชาติ พ.ศ. 2561 – 2580. กรุงเทพฯ: สำนักงานเลขานุการของคณะกรรมการยุทธศาสตร์ชาติ สำนักงานคณะกรรมการพัฒนาการเศรษฐกิจและสังคมแห่งชาติ
สำนักงานสภาพัฒนาการเศรษฐกิจและสังคมแห่งชาติ. (2566). แผนพัฒนาเศรษฐกิจและสังคมแห่งชาติ ฉบับที่ 13 (พ.ศ. 2566-2570). https://www.nesdc.go.th/the-national-economic-and-social-development-plan/the-thirteenth-plan-2023-2027/
สำนักงานส่งเสริมวิสาหกิจเพื่อสังคม. (2569). รายชื่อวิสาหกิจเพื่อสังคม. สืบค้นเมื่อวันที่ 1 มิถุนายน 2569, จาก http://data.osep.or.th/org1
Ali, M., Raza, B., Ali, W., & Imtaiz, N. (2020). Linking Managerial Coaching with Employees’ Innovative Work Behaviors through Affective Supervisory Commitment: Evidence from Pakistan. International Review of Management and Marketing, 10(4), 11–16. https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.9715
Andreassen, T. W. (2024). Perceiving Innovation : Unveiling the Impact on Market Performance. Journal of Service Research, 27(4), 497–500.https://doi.org/ 10.1177/10946705241253993
Cheung, S. Y., Gong, Y., Wang, M., Zhou, L., & Shi, J. (2016). When and how does functional diversity influence team innovation? The mediating role of knowledge sharing and the moderation role of affect-based trust in a team. Human Relations, 69(7), 1507–1531. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/0018726715615684
Doherty, B. & Kittipanya-Ngam, P. (2021). The Role of Social Enterprise Hybrid Business Models in Inclusive Value Chain Development. Sustainability, 13(2), 499.https://doi.org/ 10.3390/su13020499
Duygu, T. & Serkan, Y. (2020). Understanding how social responsibility drives social innovation: characteristics of radically innovative projects. European Journal of Innovation Management, 25(3), 680-702.
Grossman, R., Nolan, K., Rosch, Z., Mazer, D., & Salas, E. (2022). The team cohesion-performance relationship: A meta-analysis exploring measurement approaches and the changing team landscape. Organizational Psychology Review, 12(2), 181-238. https://doi.org/ 10.1177/20413866211041157
Hadi, P. (2023). Effect of product innovation on SME's performance. International Journal of Business Ecosystem & Strategy, 5(2), 47–54. https://doi.org/ 10.36096/ijbes.v5i2.405
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis.(7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
Haneberg, D. H., & Aaboen, L. (2021). “Entrepreneurial learning behaviour of community insiders”. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 28(2), 306-324. https://doi.org/ 10.1108/IJEBR-04-2020-0255
Hatani, L. (2023). The role of competitiveness as mediating effect of environmental uncertainty on performance of fisheries companies. Journal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 26(1), 91-122. https://doi.org/ 10.24914/jeb.v26i1.3470
Hundschell, A., Razinskas, S., Backmann, J., & Hoegl, M. (2021). The effects of diversity on creativity: A literature review and synthesis. Applied Psychology, 71(4), 1598-1634. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/apps.12365
Kamaludin, M. F., Xavier, J. A., & Amin, M. (2024). Social entrepreneurship and sustainability: A conceptual framework. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 15(1), 26-49.https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2021.1900339
Kamuri, K. J., & Anabuni, A. U. T. (2025). The Influence of entrepreneurship education, self-efficacy, and digital literacy on the competitiveness of Bajawa coffee sector msmes in the international market. Journal of Management Small and Medium Enterprises (SME’s), 18(1), 383-397.
Le, T. T., & Ikram, M. (2022). Do Sustainability innovation and firm competitiveness help improve firm performance Evidence from SME Sector in Vietnam. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 29, 588-599. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2021.11.008
Loukopoulos, A., Papadimitriou, D., & Glaveli, N. (2024). Unleashing the power of organizational social capital: exploring the mediating role of social entrepreneurship orientation in social enterprises' performances. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 30(5), 1290-1313. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-04-2023-0423
Munandar, J. M., Cahyadi, E. R., & Andrianto, M. S. (2025). The Impacts of Business Sustainability Factors on Competitiveness and Marketing Performance: An Exploratory Approach to the Case of Indonesian Micro-, Small, and Medium Enterprises. Sustainability, 17(10), 4593. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17104593
Nambisan, S., & George, G. (2024). Digital approaches to societal grand challenges: Toward a broader research agenda on managing global-local design tensions. Information Systems Research, 35(4), 2059-2076. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2023.0152
Nicoletti, L., Sirenko, M., & Verma, T. (2022). Disadvantaged communities have lower access to urban infrastructure. Environment and Planning B Urban Analytics and City Science, 50(3), 831-849. https://doi.org/10.1177/23998083221131044
Pansuwong, W., Photchanachan, S., & Thechatakerng, P. (2023). Social innovation: relationships with social and human capitals, entrepreneurial competencies and growth of social enterprises in a developing country context. Social Enterprise Journal, 19(1), 51-79. https://doi.org/10.1108/SEJ-02-2022-0014
Quaye, J. N. A., Halsall, J. P., Winful, E. C., Snowden, M., Opuni, F. F., Hyams-Ssekasi, D., ... & Fairhurst, B. (2026). Social enterprises and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): a means to an end. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 28(4), 9879-9908. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05359-x
Schwab Foundation for Social Entrepreneurship & World Economic Forum. (2024). The State of Social Enterprise. Retrieved May 18, 2026, from https://www.schwabfound.org/state-of-social-enterprise?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Sharabati, A. A. A., Allahham, M., AbuSaimeh, H., Ahmad, A. Y. B., Sabra, S., & Daoud, M. K. (2023). Effects of artificial integration and big data analysis on economic viability of solar microgrids: Mediating role of cost benefit analysis. Operational Research in Engineering Sciences: Theory and Applications, 6(3), 44-64.
Spanuth, A., & Urbano, D. (2024). Exploring social enterprise legitimacy within ecosystems from an institutional approach: A systematic literature review and research agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 26(2), 211-231. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12349
Tan, H., Li, J., He, M., Li, J., Zhi, D., Qin, F., & Zhang, C. (2021). Global evolution of research on green energy and environmental technologies: A bibliometric study. Journal of Environmental Management, 297(2), 113382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113382
Van Zijl, A. L., Vermeeren, B., Koster, F., & Steijn, B. (2023). Functional diversity and team innovation: A study on the mediating role of social cohesion in primary care teams. Health Care Management Review, 48(3), 229-236. https://doi.org/10.1097/HMR.0000000000000369
Wang Z, Zhou Y (2021), Business model innovation, legitimacy and performance: social enterprises in China. Management Decision, 59(1), 2693–2712. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-05-2019-0678