ARISTOTLE'S POLITICAL THOUGHT: A GUIDE TO BUILDING A MORAL SOCIETY

Abstract

This article aims to examine and analyze Aristotle's political and ethical philosophy, a Greek philosopher who laid the foundational ideas for political and ethical thought. The focus is on the relationship between politics and virtue as a fundamental basis for creating a stable state and a harmonious society. Aristotle believed that humans are political animals who naturally seek to live together in society to achieve the ultimate goal of life, Eudaimonia or complete happiness. he emphasized that building a good state requires fostering virtue among citizens and leaders. Virtues are categorized into two types: Ethical Virtues, such as courage, justice, and temperance, and Intellectual Virtues, such as wisdom and prudence. The article further analyzes Aristotle's concepts of good governance, including Monarchy, Aristocracy, and Polity systems that balance liberty and order while encouraging citizen participation. It also critiques flawed governance models such as Tyranny, Oligarchy, and Extreme Democracy, which often lead to instability and social disharmony. The study concludes that Aristotle's integration of politics and virtue remains highly relevant today, providing crucial guidance for promoting justice, transparency, and balance in governance. These principles can serve as a blueprint for building sustainable states and fostering societies where collective happiness and stability thrive.