THE EVOLUTION OF PUNISHMENT AND PRINCIPLES OF SENTENCING IN THAI CRIMINAL LAW

Abstract

This article aims to present the evolution of punishment in human society and the fundamental role of criminal law in defining criminal liability and sanctions. It explains the legal framework governing consecutive sentencing under Section 22 of the Criminal Code, as well as combined and separate sentencing under Section 91, supported by relevant Supreme Court precedents. The findings indicate that consecutive sentencing serves as a mechanism to reflect the severity of multiple or repeated offenses, but must strictly adhere to legal requirements and remains within the court’s discretion. Additionally, the principles of combined sentencing, separate sentencing, and sentence reduction contribute to ensuring proportionality and fairness. Overall, the study highlights the importance of sentencing rules in maintaining balance between justice and the effectiveness of criminal punishment within the Thai legal system.