Resilience in Children of Poverty: Case Study of Students Granted Equitable-Education-Fund-Scholarships
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Students from poor families are at higher risk for mental health problems. The important protective factor is resilience. Therefore, this research aimed to understand the context of significant adversity and resilience characteristic of poor students granted equitable-education-fund-scholarships. This qualitative research was a case study design. Key informants were 12, consisting of 4 adolescent students, one teacher, and one student’s parents of each student who gave information. They were purposefully selected based on the inclusion criteria, which were students studying at the junior high school level at a secondary school in Pathum Thani. They were purposefully selected based on the inclusion criteria; the instrument for collecting data was an in-depth interview. Research data were analyzed with content analysis to create inductive conclusions to answer the research objective. The research revealed three main issues: the first was the context of significant adversity. It consisted of two sub-issues: 1) the hardships with family, and 2) the difficulties that arise in academic and personal contexts. The second main issue was student resources to help overcome obstacles. It consisted of two sub-issues: 1) external resources: emotional support, appraisal support, information support, and material support; and 2) internal resources: positive characteristics and competence. The third main issue was the change in students after adversity. It consisted of three sub-issues: 1) the change in affective; 2) the change in cognitive; and 3) the change in behavior. This novel study on poor students suggested that schools establish a training protocol for involving students' families and teachers in promoting resilience.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Views and opinions appearing in the Journal it is the responsibility of the author of the article, and does not constitute the view and responsibility of the editorial team.
References
ฐาศุกร์ จันประเสริฐ. (2565). กระบวนทัศน์สร้างสรรค์นิยมหลากหลายรูปแบบการวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพทางพฤติกรรมศาสตร์. ปทุมธานี: ไอเดียนาลีน มีเดีย โซลูชั่น.
ประเวช ตันติพิวัฒนสกุล. (2550). แนวทางการจัดกิจกรรมการเรียนรู้การสร้างความเข้มแข็งทางใจสำหรับนักเรียนชั้นมัธยมศึกษา. นนทบุรี: โรงพิมพ์ชุมนุมสหกรณ์การเกษตรแห่งประเทศไทย.
Affi, T. O., & Macmillan, H. L. (2011). Resilience following child maltreatment: A review of protective factors. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 56, 266–272.
Aiena, B. J., Baczwaski, B. J., Schulenberg, S. E., & Buchanan, E. M. (2015). Measuring resilience with the RS–14: A tale of two samples. Journal of Personality Assessment, 97(3), 291-300. DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2014.951445
American Psychological Association. (2019). Guidelines for psychological practice for people with low-income and economic marginalization. Retrieved from www.apa.org/about/policy/guidelines-lowincome.pdf.
Bronfenbrenner, U., & Morris, P. A. (2006). The bioecological model of human development. In handbook of child psychology: Theoretical models of human development, Vol. 1 (6th ed.). (pp. 793-828). Hoboken, NJ, US: John Wiley & Sons.
Brooks, J. E. (2006). Strengthening resilience in children and youths: Maximizing opportunities through the schools. Children and Schools, 28, 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cs/28.2.69
Burns, R. A., & Anstey, K. J. (2010). The connor–davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC): Testing the invariance of a Uni-dimensional resilience measure that is independent of positive and negative affect. Personality and Individual Differences, 48(5), 527-531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.11.026
Burns, R. A., Anstey, K. J., & Windsor, T. D. (2011). Subjective well-being mediates the effects of resilience and mastery on depression and anxiety in a large community sample of young and middle-aged adults. Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 45(3), 240-248. DOI: 10.3109/00048674.2010.529604
Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: the connor-davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). Depress Anxiety, 18(2), 76-82. DOI: 10.1002/da.10113
Davies, S. L., Thind, H. R., Chandler, S. D., & Tucker, J. A. (2011). Enhancing resilience among young people: the role of communities and asset-building approaches to intervention. Adolescent Medicine: State of the Art Reviews, 22, 402–440.
Dias, P. C., & Cadime, I. (2017). Protective factors and resilience in adolescents: The mediating role of self-regulation. Psicologia Educativa, 23, 37-43.
Earvolino-Ramirez, M. (2007). Resilience: A concept analysis. Nurs Forum, 42(2), 73-82. DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-6198.2007.00070.x
Galanis, P., Katsiroumpa, A., Vraka, I., Siskou, O., Konstantakopoulou, O., Katsoulas, T., & Kaitelidou, D. (2022). Relationship between social support and resilience among nurses: A systematic review. medRxiv, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.04.22279592
Gökalp, Z., Koç, H., & Kozan, H. (2022). Coping and post-traumatic growth among COVID-19 patients: A qualitative study. J Adult Dev, 29(3), 228-239. DOI: 10.1007/s10804-022-09398-4
Grotberg, E. (1995). A guide to promoting resilience in children: Strengthening the human spirit. Early childhood development: Practice and reflections, v. 8. The Hague-NO: Bernard Van Leer Foundation.
Hu, T., Zhang, D., & Wang, J. (2015). A meta-analysis of the trait resilience and mental health. Personality and Individual Differences, 76, 18-27. DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.11.039
Infurna, F. J., & Luthar, S. S. (2017). Parents' adjustment following the death of their child: Resilience is multidimensional and differs across outcomes examined. J Res Pers, 68, 38-53. DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2017.04.004
Jones-Smith, E. (2014). Strengths-based therapy: connecting theory, practice and skills / Elsie Jones-Smith, diplomate in counseling psychology, American Board of Professional Psychology. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.
Kirby, N., Wright, B., Allgar, V. (2020). Child mental health and resilience in the context of socioeconomic disadvantage: results from the Born in Bradford cohort study. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 29, 467-477.
Liu, D. W. Y., Fairweather-Schmidt, A. K., Burns, R. A., & Roberts, R. M. (2015). The connor-davidson resilience scale : Establishing invariance between gender across the lifespan in a large community-based study. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 37(2), 340-348. DOI: 10.1007/s10862-014-9452-z
Liu, W. M. (2002). The social class-related experiences of men: Integrating theory and practice. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 33, 355-360.
Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000). The construct of resilience: a critical evaluation and guidelines for future work. Child Dev, 71(3), 543-562. DOI: 10.1111/1467-8624.00164
Martínez-Martí, M. L., & Ruch, W. (2017). Character strengths predict resilience over and above positive affect, self-efficacy, optimism, social support, self-esteem, and life satisfaction. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 12(2), 110-119. DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2016.1163403
Masten, A. S. (2001). Ordinary magic: Resilience processes in development. American Psychologist, 56, 227-238.
Miller, G. E., & Chen, E. (2013). The biological residue of childhood poverty. Child Dev Perspect, 7(2), 67-73. DOI: 10.1111/cdep.12021
Pasek, M., & Suchocka, L. (2022). A model of social support for a patient-informal caregiver dyad. Biomed Res Int, 2022, 4470366. DOI: 10.1155/2022/4470366
Prince-Embury, S. (2013). Translating resilience theory for assessment and application with children, adolescents, and adults: Conceptual issues. In S. Prince-Embury & D. H. Saklofske (Eds.), Resilience in children, adolescents, and adults: Translating research into practice (pp. 9-16). New York: Springer New York.
Reardon, S. F. (2011). The Widening academic achievement gap between the rich and the poor: New evidence and possible explanations. In R. Murnane & G. Duncan (Eds.), Whiter opportunity? rising inequality and the uncertain life chances of low-income children (pp. 91-116). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
Rice, V., & Liu, B. (2016). Personal resilience and coping with implications for work. Part I: A review. Work, 54(2), 325-333. DOI: 10.3233/wor-162300
Southwick, S. M., & Charney, D. S. (2012). Resilience: The science of mastering life's greatest challenges. Cambridge University Press.
Tamiolaki, A., & Kalaitzaki, A. E. (2020). That which does not kill us, makes us stronger: COVID-19 and Posttraumatic Growth. Psychiatry Res, 289, 113044. DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113044
Yin, R. K. (2018). Case study research and applications: design and methods. Los Angeles: SAGE.
Zolkoski, S. M., & Bullock, L. M. (2012). Resilience in children and youth: A review. Children and Youth Services Review, 34, 2295–2303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2012.08.009