Digital Technology-Based Safety Management Model for Camping Businesses toward Sustainable Tourism
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Abstract
Nature-based tourism and camping businesses have continuously grown in Thailand, accompanied by increasing safety challenges related to both natural hazards and management practices. This study aimed to develop a digital technology-based safety management model for camping businesses within the context of nature-based tourism in Thailand. A mixed-methods approach using an explanatory sequential design was employed. Quantitative data was collected from tourists through questionnaires with non-probability sampling, followed by qualitative data obtained from in-depth interviews with entrepreneurs and relevant public and private agencies with purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted during the year 2024 to 2025 from 469 tourists and 12 key informants representing business operators including key public/private agencies. The findings were synthesized to develop the Digital Technology-Based Camping Safety Management Model (DCSMM), which was subsequently evaluated in terms of appropriateness, feasibility, and effectiveness by key stakeholders. The results indicate that demographic factors and camping experience significantly influence tourists’ safety perceptions and acceptance of digital safety technologies. The proposed DCSMM received high evaluation scores across all assessment dimensions. The novelty of this study lies in proposing an integrated conceptual framework that systematically links digital technologies with camping safety management in nature-based tourism. This model contributes theoretically to safety management literature and practically supports the enhancement of safety standards and sustainable development of camping businesses in Thailand.
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