STRATEGIC APPROACHES AND STANDARD DEVELOPMENT FOR CARBON-NEUTRAL TOURISM MANAGEMENT IN MARINE NATIONAL PARKS OF THAILAND FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

This academic article aims to analyze the factors and impacts associated with carbon emissions from tourism activities in Thailand, as well as propose strategic guidelines and define clear standards for net-zero carbon tourism management to promote sustainable development in the tourism sector. Emphasis is placed on the crucial role of marine natural resources such as coral reefs, mangrove forests, and coastal beaches which support the Blue Economy and naturally capture and store carbon (Nature-Based Solutions). To integrate carbon footprint assessments of tourism activities, greenhouse gas mitigation, and carbon offsetting measures covering transportation, accommodation, and on-site tourism activities into environmental and social dimensions, alongside marketing and service principles. This holistic approach supports the overarching goal of sustainable tourism, reinforcing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Additionally, the article proposes a strategic framework for establishing carbon-neutral tourism standards in Thailand. This framework spans situational assessments, collaboration among government agencies, private sectors, and local communities, and capacity-building among tourism enterprises. The discussion underscores the necessity of adapting to climate change for long-term economic, social, and environmental resilience and highlights the potential for Thailand’s tourism sector to flourish while minimizing adverse ecological impacts.