Ya Kwat Drug Remedies From Thai Traditional Medical Texts of Phromphiram District, Phitsanulok Province
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Abstract
This article aims to study methods and pharmaceutical substances found in Thai traditional ya kwat (throat swabbing) medical texts of Phromphiram District, Phitsanulok Province. The primary texts, covering 18 manuals, are from the Art and Cultural Center of Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University. The oldest of these manuals are the pharmacopoeia texts from Phromphiram Temple, Tambon Phromphiram, Amphoe Phromphiram, Phitsanulok Province, folding-leaf book number พส.ข.0215, dated 27 December 1867 A.D. in the reign of King Mongkut (Rama IV).
This study discovered that the ya kwat drug remedies were found in 12 texts, covering 86 remedies. It was discovered that there are five different methods based on their properties.The first property is to cure “sang” (one kind of pediatric disease) covering 64 remedies. The second property is to cure various illnesses covering 16 remedies. The third property is to cure urinary tract and intestines diseases covering four remedies. The fourth property is to cure a range ofdiseases covering one remedy. The fifth property has an unidentified cure covering one remedy.
The study found 150 plant-based substances used, with the highest frequency being ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe).There were 41 animal-based substances used, with the highest frequency being cuttlebone. There were 23 mineral-based substances used, with the highest frequency being borax. The liquid adjuvant used in the remedies cover 22 types, with the highest frequency being liquor. The ya kwat drug remedies from the Thai traditional medical texts of Phromphiram District, Phitsanulok Province clearly demon strate a record of wisdom of medical treatment of the Phromphiram villagers from the past.
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