Empirical Research on Barriers and Limitations in Museum Exhibition Environment Containing Digital Media Regarding the Universal Design - A case study in China Shanghai Museum East Campus
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Abstract
Digital media technology is widely used in heritage museum exhibitions to create unique sensory experiences because of its ability to expand information within limited physical space. Unfortunately, digital media has not achieved the desired effect in the current museum exhibitions, with significant issues of low usage rates. When relevant scholars evaluate the effectiveness of digital media, they mainly conduct surveys on the attitudes after visits, without giving much scrutiny to the exhibition environment, interactive environment, and so on. Therefore, this study introduced universal design principles in the measurements of the environment containing digital media interaction and behavioural observation of the museum visitors to identify obstacles affecting visitation efficiency within the environment. This study focuses on two main issues: (1) the measurement and collection of environmental characteristics of the exhibition environment containing digital media, including location, space, information display, and interactive forms, and whether they meet the requirements and/or are suitable for all visitors, and (2) the behaviour of different types of visitors when entering the exhibition space and interacting with digital media, with a focus on the relationship between behaviour and issues. The study adopted an empirical approach, combining qualitative methods, conducting surveys at the Shanghai Museum East in two stages. The first phase is environmental measurement and audience survey (qualitative research), and the second is scenario assessment. The study has identified the problems for 4 galleries and has recorded 77 groups of participants of different types. The issues discovered include the difficulty in noticing the location or the lack of specific guidance information, spatial scales that are unreasonable, leading to congestion, communication barriers, etc., which reduce the accessibility of the exhibition, while a poor spatial atmosphere exacerbates the problem. The evaluation results of UD have speculated on all the issues and proposed corresponding solutions.
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