Roles of State and Problems of the Thai Education System: Limited Opportunities on Educational Inequality of Non-Formal Education Students in Pursuing Higher Education
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Abstract
The disparity in educational opportunities among students in a non-formal education system is a complex problem stemming from various factors. This can affect economy and society in many aspects. Some problems are caused by political structures and processes, inequality in access to services, negotiation, and allocation of resources in the community. All are clearly indicators of injustice. State is the main institution which composed of individuals with authority who are responsible for setting national policy and distributing resources fairly across the board. Studies have shown that non-formal education children have difficulties enrolling in state universities due to the following reasons. The first is problems of overlapping economic and social disparities in the country that become obstacles in pursuing higher education in state universities. Second, the public universities are not ideally designed for non-formal education students who are poor and live in remote areas. Third, the state-run universities do not meet the needs to solve their personal problems. Most of these students prefer to work and study at the same time. Finally, the non-formal education students are not likely to pursue their education at the higher level. These challenges leave these children vulnerable, creating self-reliant but be at risk of getting low-quality education and lacking essential skills and knowledge. This ultimately affects future development of the country's human capital. Therefore, the state must promote and allow increased access to opportunities that meet the needs of non-formal education children to ensure educational equality for all.
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