Preliminary reproductive patterns of Paphiopedilum villosum (Lindl.) Stein
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Abstract
The Paphiopedilum villosum (Lindl.) Stein is an epiphytic orchid native to Thailand, found in restricted areas and classified as near threatened. Therefore, studying the reproductive patterns of this orchid species is essential for supporting conservation efforts and enhancing its population. This study aimed to investigate these reproductive patterns of the orchid within a greenhouse established as part of the Lady's Slipper Orchid Conservation Project at Doi Inthanon, Chiang Mai province. The research was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020. Data on greenhouse environmental conditions, morphological characteristics of P. villosum, and five pollination methods; four hand pollination methods (self-pollination, cross-pollination, emasculation, and spontaneous autogamy) and natural pollination were recorded. Insect pollinators were observed for 160 hours. The results showed that floral morphology was influenced by pollination patterns. Self-pollination (40%) and cross pollination (30%) exhibited higher fruit-setting rates compared to natural pollination (20%). One species each of Stomoxys sp., Episyrphus sp., and Betasyrphus sp. were observed. These findings highlight the need for further research on efficient pollination pattern to increase populations of this endangered orchid species, ultimately contributing to the conservation of the lady’s slipper orchids in Thailand.
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