DETERMINANTS OF STUDENTS' ATTITUDE AND ADOPTION INTENTION TOWARDS ELECTRONIC VEHICLES IN ZHEJIANG, CHINA
Keywords:
Electric Vehicles, Consumers' Attitude, Adoption Intention, ChinaAbstract
This study investigates the determinants of consumer attitudes and adoption intentions toward electric vehicles in Zhejiang Province, China. The conceptual framework determines how environmental concern, subjective norms, knowledge, perceived incentives policy, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived fun to use affect attitudes and adoption intentions. The sample (n=460) was collected from online and offline questionnaires using multi-stage sampling, including judgmental, stratified random, and convenient Sampling. The study applied the structural equation model and confirmatory factor analysis to analyze the data to confirm the model's goodness-of-fit and hypothesis. The results indicate that environmental concerns, subjective norms, knowledge, and perceived incentive policies have a significant impact on attitude. Perceived incentive policy, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived fun of use have a significant impact on adoption intention. This study provides feasible suggestions for formulating Chinese government policies based on this research result. It provides a basis for optimizing the design of public policies that align with China's national conditions to enhance consumer attitudes and adoption intentions toward electric vehicles.
References
Ab Hamid, M. R., Sami, W., & Mohmad Sidek, M. H. (2017). Discriminant Validity Assessment: Use of Fornell & Larcker criterion versus HTMT Criterion. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 890, 012163. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/890/1/012163
Ajzen, I. (1988). Attitudes, personality, and behavior Open University Press Milton Keynes (2nd ed.). Mapping Social Psychology.
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-t
Andarge, E., Fikadu, T., Temesgen, R., Shegaze, M., Feleke, T., Haile, F., & Glagn, M. (2020). Intention and practice on personal preventive measures against the COVID-19 pandemic among adults with chronic conditions in southern Ethiopia: a survey using the theory of planned behaviour. Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare, 13, 1863-1877. https://doi.org/10.2147/jmdh.s284707
Asadi, S., Nilashi, M., Samad, S., Abdullah, R., Mahmoud, M., Alkinani, M. H., & Yadegaridehkordi, E. (2021). Factors impacting consumers’ intention toward adoption of electric vehicles in Malaysia. Journal of Cleaner Production, 282, 124474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124474
Azadfar, E., Sreeram, V., & Harries, D. (2015). The investigation of the major factors influencing plug-in electric vehicle driving patterns and charging behaviour. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 42, 1065-1076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.10.058
Burgess, M., King, N., Harris, M., & Lewis, E. (2013). Electric vehicle drivers’ reported interactions with the public: Driving stereotype change? Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behavior, 17, 33-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2012.09.003
Chen, S. Y. (2016). Green helpfulness or fun? Influences of green perceived value on the green loyalty of users and non-users of public bikes. Transport Policy, 47, 149-159.
Coad, A., De Haan, P., & Woersdorfer, J. S. (2009). Consumer support for environmental policies: An application to purchases of green cars. Ecological Economics, 68(7), 2078-2086. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2009.01.015
Coffman, M., Bernstein, P., & Wee, S. (2017). Electric vehicles revisited: a review of factors that affect adoption. Transport Reviews, 37(1), 79-93. https://doi.org/10.1080/01441647.2016.1217282
Collins, S. E., Witkiewitz, K., & Larimer, M. E. (2011). The theory of planned behavior as a predictor of growth in risky college drinking. Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 72(2), 322-332. https://doi.org/10.15288/jsad.2011.72.322
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02310555
Dash, A. (2021). Determinants of EVs adoption: a study on green behavior of consumers. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment, 10(1), 125-137. https://doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-02-2019-0015
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS quarterly, 13(3), 319. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
Davis, F. D., Bagozzi, R. P., & Warshaw, P. R. (1992). Extrinsic and intrinsic motivation to use computers in the workplace 1. Journal of applied social psychology, 22(14), 1111-1132. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.1992.tb00945.x
De Koning, J. I. J. C., Crul, M. R. M., Wever, R., & Brezet, J. C. (2015). Sustainable consumption in Vietnam: an explorative study among the urban middle class. International journal of consumer studies, 39(6), 608-618. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12235
Doll, W. J., Xia, W., & Torkzadeh, G. (1994). A confirmatory factor analysis of the end-user computing satisfaction instrument. MIS Quarterly, 18(4), 357–369. 453. https://doi.org/10.2307/249524
D'souza, C., Taghian, M., & Lamb, P. (2006). An empirical study on the influence of environmental labels on consumers. Corporate communications: an international journal, 11(2), 162-173. https://doi.org/10.1108/13563280610661697
Dunlap, R. E., & Michelson, W. M. (2002). Handbook of environmental sociology. Greenwood Press. https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.1978.10801875
Dunlap, R. E., & Van Liere, K. D. (1978). The “new environmental paradigm”. The journal of environmental education, 9(4), 10-19.
Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (2007). The advantages of an inclusive definition of attitude. Social cognition, 25(5), 582-602. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2007.25.5.582
Egbue, O., & Long, S. (2012). Barriers to widespread adoption of electric vehicles: An analysis of consumer attitudes and perceptions. Energy Policy, 48, 717-729. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.06.009
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., Anderson, R., & Tatham, R. (2006). Multivariate Data Analysis (6th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). Pearson Education.
Han, H., Chua, B. L., & Hyun, S. S. (2020). Consumers’ intention to adopt eco-friendly electric airplanes: The moderating role of perceived uncertainty of outcomes and attachment to eco-friendly products. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 14(9), 671-685.
Haustein, S., & Jensen, A. F. (2018). Factors of electric vehicle adoption: A comparison of conventional and electric car users based on an extended theory of planned behavior. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 12(7), 484-496.
Higueras-Castillo, E., Muñoz-Leiva, F., & Liébana-Cabanillas, F. J. (2019). An examination of attributes and barriers to adopt biomass and solar technology. A cross-cultural approach. Journal of environmental management, 236, 639-648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.022
Holbrook, M. B., & Hirschman, E. C. (1982). The experiential aspects of consumption: Consumer fantasies, feelings, and fun. Journal of Consumer Research, 9(2), 132-140. https://doi.org/10.1086/208906
Huang, X., & Ge, J. (2019). Electric vehicle development in Beijing: An analysis of consumer purchase intention. Journal of cleaner production, 216, 361-372.
Huang, X., Lin, Y., Lim, M. K., Tseng, M. L., & Zhou, F. (2021). The influence of knowledge management on adoption intention of electric vehicles: perspective on technological knowledge. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 121(7), 1481-1495. https://doi.org/10.1108/imds-07-2020-0411
Huijts, N. M., Molin, E. J., & Steg, L. (2012). Psychological factors influencing sustainable energy technology acceptance: A review-based comprehensive framework. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 16(1), 525-531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.08.018
Jaiswal, D., Kaushal, V., Deshmukh, A. K., Kant, R., & Kautish, P. (2022). What drives electric vehicles in an emerging market? Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 40(6), 738-754. https://doi.org/10.1108/mip-11-2021-0406
Jansson, J., Marell, A., & Nordlund, A. (2010). Green consumer behavior: determinants of curtailment and eco‐innovation adoption. Journal of consumer marketing, 27(4), 358-370. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363761011052396
Jöreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34(2), 183-202. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02289343
Kahn, M. E. (2007). Do greens drive Hummers or hybrids? Environmental ideology as a determinant of consumer choice. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 54(2), 129-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2007.05.001
Kaplan, S. (1991). Beyond rationality: Clarity-based decision making. In T. Gärling & G. W. Evans (Eds.), Environment, cognition, and action: An integrated approach (pp. 171–190). Oxford University Press.
Kim, M.-K., Oh, J., Park, J.-H., & Joo, C. (2018). Perceived value and adoption intention for electric vehicles in Korea: Moderating effects of environmental traits and government supports. Energy, 159, 799-809. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.06.064
Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). Guilford Press.
Laroche, M., Bergeron, J., & Barbaro-Forleo, G. (2001). Targeting consumers who are willing to pay more for environmentally friendly products. Journal of consumer marketing, 18(6), 503-520. https://doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000006155
Li, D. L., & Chen, W. Y. (2019). Prospective influences of the substitution of electric vehicles for liquid vehicles: TIMES modeling of the global energy system. Energy Procedia, 158, 3782-3787.
Li, W., Long, R., Chen, H., Dou, B., Chen, F., Zheng, X., & He, Z. (2020). Public preference for electric vehicle incentive policies in China: a conjoint analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(1), 318.
Liao, C. H., Tsou, C. W., & Shu, Y. C. (2008). The roles of perceived enjoyment and price perception in determining acceptance of multimedia-on-demand. International Journal of Business and Information, 3(1), 27-52.
Liao, Y. (2022). Intention of consumers to adopt electric vehicle in the post-subsidy era: evidence from China. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 16(7), 647-659. https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2021.1918297
Lieven, T., Mühlmeier, S., Henkel, S., & Waller, J. F. (2011). Who will buy electric cars? An empirical study in Germany. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 16(3), 236-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2010.12.001
Liu, X. Y. (2017). Study on Measurement and Comprehensive Evaluation of Regional Innovation Capacity in Xinjiang. Xinjiang Social Sciences, 1(2), 131-135.
Machleit, K. A., Allen, C. T., & Madden, T. J. (1993). The mature brand and brand interest: An alternative consequence of ad-evoked affect. Journal of Marketing, 57(4), 72-82. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299305700406
Magid, A. R. (1994). Lectures on differential Galois theory (No. 7). American Mathematical Soc.
Matthes, J., Wonneberger, A., & Schmuck, D. (2014). Consumers' green involvement and the persuasive effects of emotional versus functional ads. Journal of Business Research, 67(9), 1885-1893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.11.054
Mitchell, A. A., & Olson, J. C. (1981). Are product attribute beliefs the only mediator of advertising effects on brand attitude? Journal of marketing research, 18(3), 318-332. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800306
Moons, I., & De Pelsmacker, P. (2012). Emotions as determinants of electric car usage intention. Journal of marketing management, 28(3-4), 195-237. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257x.2012.659007
Pedroso, R., Zanetello, L., Guimarães, L., Pettenon, M., Gonçalves, V., Scherer, J., Kessler, F., & Pechansky, F. (2016). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the Crack Use Relapse Scale (CURS). Archives of Clinical Psychiatry (São Paulo), 43(3), 37-40. https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-60830000000081
Plötz, P., Funke, S. Á., & Jochem, P. (2018). Empirical fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 22(4), 773-784. https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12623
Policarpo, M. C., & Aguiar, E. C. (2020). How self-expressive benefits relate to buying a hybrid car as a green product. Journal of Cleaner Production, 252, 119859. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119859
Rogers, E. M. (1995). Diffusion of Innovations: Modifications of a Model for Telecommunications. In M. W. Stoetzer & A. Mahler (Eds.), Die Diffusion von Innovationen in der Telekommunikation. Schriftenreihe des Wissenschaftlichen Instituts für Kommunikationsdienste, vol 17. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79868-9_2
Rouibah, K., Thurasamy, R., & May, O. S. (2009). User acceptance of Internet banking in Malaysia: test of three competing models. International Journal of E-Adoption (IJEA), 1(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.4018/jea.2009010101
Schmalfuß, F., Mühl, K., & Krems, J. F. (2017). Direct experience with battery electric vehicles (BEVs) matters when evaluating vehicle attributes, attitude, and purchase intention. Transportation research part F: traffic psychology and behavior, 46, 47-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2017.01.004
Schuitema, G., Anable, J., Skippon, S., & Kinnear, N. (2013). The role of instrumental, hedonic, and symbolic attributes in the intention to adopt electric vehicles. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 48, 39-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2012.10.004
Shalender, K., & Sharma, N. (2021). Using extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict adoption intention of electric vehicles in India. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(1), 665-681. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00602-7
Sica, C., & Ghisi, M. (2007). The Italian versions of the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory-II: Psychometric properties and discriminant power. In M. A. Lange (Ed.), Leading-edge psychological tests and testing research (pp. 27–50). Nova Science Publishers.
Soper, D. S. (2019). A-priori sample size calculator for structural equation models. Daniel Soper. https://www.danielsoper.com/statcalc/calculator.aspx?id=89
Stern, P. C., Dietz, T., Abel, T., Guagnano, G. A., & Kalof, L. (1999). A value-belief-norm theory of support for social movements: The case of environmentalism. Human ecology review, 81-97.
Tang, B. J., & Ma, Y. (2016). Analysis of Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction of New Energy Vehicles in Beijing during the '13th Five-Year Plan'. Journal Of Beijing Institute Of Technology: Social Sciences Edition, 1(2), 5.
Tu, J.-C., & Yang, C. (2019). Key Factors Influencing Consumers' Purchase of Electric Vehicles. Sustainability, 11(14), 3863. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11143863
Uddin, S. F., & Khan, M. N. (2018). Young consumer's green purchasing behavior: Opportunities for green marketing. Journal of Global Marketing, 31(4), 270-281. https://doi.org/10.1080/08911762.2017.1407982
Venkatesh, V., & Bala, H. (2008). Technology acceptance model 3 and a research agenda on interventions. Decision sciences, 39(2), 273-315. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.2008.00192.x
Venkatesh, V., & Davis, F. D. (2000). A theoretical extension of the technology acceptance model: Four longitudinal field studies. Management science, 46(2), 186-204. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.46.2.186.11926
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS quarterly, 27(3), 425-478. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
Wang, B., Shen, Y., & Jin, Y. (2017). Measurement of public awareness of climate change in China: based on a national survey with 4,025 samples. Chinese Journal of Population Resources and Environment, 15(4), 285-291. https://doi.org/10.1080/10042857.2017.1418276
Wang, S., Fan, J., Zhao, D., Yang, S., & Fu, Y. (2016). Predicting consumers’ intention to adopt hybrid electric vehicles: using an extended version of the theory of planned behavior model. Transportation, 43, 123-143. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-014-9567-9
Wang, S., Wang, J., Li, J., Wang, J., & Liang, L. (2018). Policy implications for promoting the adoption of electric vehicles: Do consumer’s knowledge, perceived risk, and financial incentive policy matter? Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 117, 58-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2018.08.014
Weigel, R., & Weigel, J. (1978). Environmental concern: The development of a measure. Environment and behavior, 10(1), 3-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916578101001
Wissmann, J. (2013). Einwilligungen im Permission Marketing: Empirische Analysen von Determinanten aus der Sicht von Konsumenten. Springer-Verlag.
Wu, J., Liao, H., Wang, J. W., & Chen, T. (2019). The role of environmental concern in the public acceptance of autonomous electric vehicles: A survey from China. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behavior, 60, 37-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2018.09.029
Yang, S., Cheng, P., Li, J., & Wang, S. (2019). Which group should policies target? Effects of incentive policies and product cognitions for electric vehicle adoption among Chinese consumers. Energy Policy, 135, 111009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.111009
Zhang, C. H., & Wang, Q. (2019). Empirical Research on the Influence of Leader's Characteristics on Equity Crowdfunding Performance. The Journal of Humanities, 1(10), 62-73.
Zhang, X., Wang, K., Hao, Y., Fan, J. L., & Wei, Y. M. (2013). The impact of government policy on preference for NEVs: The evidence from China. Energy Policy, 61, 382-393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.06.114
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Suvarnabhumi Institute of Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
บทความที่ได้รับการตีพิมพ์เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของวารสารวิชาการ สถาบันเทคโนโลยีแห่งสุวรรณภูมิ
ข้อความที่ปรากฏในบทความแต่ละเรื่องในวารสารวิชาการเล่มนี้เป็นความคิดเห็นส่วนตัวของผู้เขียนแต่ละท่านไม่เกี่ยวข้องกับสถาบันเทคโนโลยีแห่งสุวรรณภูมิ และคณาจารย์ท่านอื่นๆในสถาบันฯ แต่อย่างใด ความรับผิดชอบองค์ประกอบทั้งหมดของบทความแต่ละเรื่องเป็นของผู้เขียนแต่ละท่าน หากมีความผิดพลาดใดๆ ผู้เขียนแต่ละท่านจะรับผิดชอบบทความของตนเองแต่ผู้เดียว
