Development of the Thai correctional system in comparison with Malaysia

Abstract

A study of the development of the Thai correctional system in comparison with Malaysia was completed using qualitative methods via the documentary research, in - depth interviews and focus group. The study focused on three main issues: 1) Prison management, good governance and operation system development 2) Decriminalization policy to reduce the number of inmates in prisons, bail system as well as rehabilitation 3) Policy proposal for reducing the number of inmates. In this research; therefore, data collection was obtained from the key informants of policy makers, administrators and practitioners under the correctional system in Thailand and Malaysia.

According to the results, it was found that several problems and obstacles in prison management have not been improved yet. These include, capacity building of the inmates, rehabilitation program and personnel management of the prison officers. The guidelines for important problem solving can be summarized as follows: 1) Prison management system- it is necessary to classify inmates by their accusation and medical treatment in accordance with international criteria. In addition, health care service should be provided for all prisoners, along with the skill development and appropriate exercise in their daily life. 2) It is crucial to develop the potential of inmates, particularly drug addiction rehabilitation programs. Furthermore, education promotion, professional skill development and follow-up assistance after release should be systematically provided. 3) Staff recruitment and training system should be developed in order to increase work efficiency, including the supervision of sufficient manpower to the number of inmates.

From the research, key recommendations are proposed as follows: 1) Procedures before a lawsuit such as drug policy adjustment, using pre-trial diversion technique and restorative justice process, 2) Procedures before the prosecution and trial such as developing pre-trial release system, supporting plea-bargaining method instead of being in jail, 3) Procedures of judgement such as using more non-custodial measures and intermediate punishment  and 4) Procedures in the prison such as the international standard based prisoner treatment, the conditional discharge with electronic tracking devices and the promoting Halfway house scheme.