Investigating the Effect of Podcasting on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners’ Listening Comprehension Skill
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Published:
Jul 20, 2021
Keywords:
EFL learners CALL podcasting listening listening comprehension
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Abstract
This study investigated the possible effect of podcasting on Iranian intermediate EFL learners’ listening comprehension skill. A total number of seventy EFL learners were selected based on their performance on Oxford Placement Test (OPT). Then, they were divided into two groups (one experimental and one control group). Pre-test of listening was administered to both groups at the beginning of the study to examine their listening before introducing the treatment. Then, the experimental group received fifteen sessions of treatment which was teaching listening skill through podcasting while the control group received the traditional way of teaching. Afterward, both groups attended the post-test of listening at the end of the study. The data were analyzed through running the Independent and Paired Samples T-test methods. Based on the statistical analyses, it was concluded that podcasting had a statistically significant effect on Iranian intermediate EFL learners’ listening ability. The findings also revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in the post-test scores between control and experimental groups. That is, the experimental group outperformed the control group in post-test of listening comprehension and the progress within the group for the experimental group was higher than that of the control group.
Article Details
How to Cite
Bakhsh, H. S., & Gilakjani, A. P. . (2021). Investigating the Effect of Podcasting on Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners’ Listening Comprehension Skill. LEARN Journal: Language Education and Acquisition Research Network, 14(2), 247–281. Retrieved from https://so04.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/LEARN/article/view/253269
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Research Articles
References
Abdulrahman, T., Basalama, N., & Widodo, M. R. (2018). The impact of podcasts on EFL students’ listening comp
rehension. International Journal of language Education, 2(2), 23-33. doi: https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v2i2.5878
Al Qasim, N., & Al Fadda, H. (2013). From CALL to MALL: The effectiveness of podcast on EFL higher education students’ listening comprehension. English Language Teaching, 6(9), 30-41. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1077142.pdf Accessed 9 August 2020.
Aryadoust, V., & Lashkary, H. (2009). Teaching aids: Effective in Iranian students lexical acquisition? Asian EFL Journal, 11(3), 329-351. https://www.asian-efl-journal.com/main-journals/teaching-aids-effective-in-iranian-students-lexical-acquisition/ Accessed 2 October 2019.
Asaadinezhad, N., & Gorjian, B. (2015). The effect of reconstruction podcasts on pre-Intermediate EFL learners’ speaking proficiency. International Journal of Language Learning and Applied Linguistics World (IJLLALW), 8(3), 132-145.
Baker, R., Harrison, J., Thornton, B., & Yates, R. (2011). An analysis of the effectiveness of podcasting as a supplemental instructional tool: A pilot study. College Teaching Methods & Styles Journal (CTMS), 4(3), 49-54. doi: 10.19030/ctms.v4i3.5535
Chan, W. M., Chen, I. R., & Döpel, M. (2011). Podcasting in foreign language learning: Insights for podcast design from a developmental research project. In M. Levy, F. Blin, C. Bradin Siskin, & O. Takeuchi (Eds.), World CALL: Global perspectives on computer-assisted language learning (pp. 19-37). Routledge.
Clark, S., Giuseppe, C., Scott, K., Sutton-Brady, C., & Taylor, L. (2009). The value of using short-format podcasts to enhance learning and teaching. ALT-J Research in Learning Technology, 17(3), 219-322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09687760903247609
Davoudi, M., & Rezaei, M. (2016). Using podcasts to improve second language comprehension in Iranian language classrooms. Journal of Studies in Education, 6(2), 24-39. file:///C:/Users/ASUS/AppData/Local/Temp/9176-33977-1-PB.pdf Accessed 9 August 2020.
Ehteshami, A., & Salehi, H. (2016). Impact of audio-viewing materials on Iranian upper-intermediate EFL learners’ listening comprehension. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature, 5(7), 132-141. http://www.journals.aiac.org.au/index.php/IJALEL/article/view/2805 Accessed 12 March 2021.
Fang, X. (2008). Listening comprehension in EFL teaching. US-China Foreign Language, 6(1). https://www.slideshare.net/mora-deyanira/listening-comprehension-in-efl-teaching-14289732 Accessed 12 March 2021.
Faramarzi, S., Tabrizi, H. H., & Chalak, A. (2019). The effect of vodcasting tasks on EFL listening comprehension progress in an online program. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 1263-1280. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12181a
Fitria, U., Vianty, M., & Petrus, I. (2015). Using podcast to improve students’ listening and speaking achievements. The Journal of English Literacy Education: The Teaching and Learning of English as a Foreign Language, 2(1), 55-68. https://ejournal.unsri.ac.id/index.php/jenglish/article/view/2218/0 Accessed 9 August 2020.
Galuh Elga Romadhon, M. (2019). Utilizing podcast in listening class: The advantages and the challenges. Proceeding of 1st Conference of English Language and Literature (CELL). https://semnas.untidar.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Muhammad-Galuh-Elga-Romadhon_Utilizing-Podcast-in-Listening-Class_-The-Advantages-and-The-Challengess.pdf Accessed 9 August 2020.
Hasan, M. M., & Hoon, T. B. (2012). ESL learners’ perception and attitudes the use of podcast in developing listening skills. The English Teacher, 41(2), 160-173. file:///C:/Users/ASUS/AppData/Local/Temp/252-563-1-PB.pdf Accessed 11 August 2020.
Hassen, D. (2016). The influence of podcasts on EFL student’s listening comprehension. M.A. Thesis, Department of Foreign Languages, Faculty of Letters and Languages, University Mohamed Kheider of BISKRA, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria.
Heilesen, S. B. (2010). What is the academic efficacy of podcasting? Computers & Education, 55(3), 1063-1068. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2010.05.002
Ho, C. T. B., Chou, Y. H. D., & Fang, H. Y. V. (2016). Technology adoption of podcast in language learning: Using Taiwan and China as examples. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 6(1), 1-12. http://www.ijeeee.org/vol6/386-JZ0118.pdf Accessed 9 August 2020.
Hogan, T., Adlof, S., & Alonzo, C. (2014). On the importance of listening comprehension. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 16(3), 199-207. https://s3.amazonaws.com/Listen_Current_Research/IJSLP_H_A_A_2014.pdf
Hosseini, M., & Choobdari, B. (2017). The role of podcasting in teaching English vocabulary to Iranian EFL pupils. Paper presented in E-learning Conference Seminar. 11th E-Learning Association of Iran.
Istanto, J. W. (2011). Pelangi Bahasa Indonesia podcast: what, why and how? Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 8(1), 371-384. https://mafiadoc.com/pelangi-bahasa-indonesia-podcast-what-why-and-how_598dc0031723ddd069fb1922.html Accessed 9 August 2020.
Jham, B., Duraes, G., Strassler, H., & Sensi, L. (2008). Joining the podcast revolution. Journal of Dental Education, 72(3), 278-281. doi: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2008.72.3.tb04493.x
Kavaliauskiene, G. (2008). Podcasting: A tool for improving listening skills. The Journal of Teaching English with Technology (TEwT), 8(4). file:///C:/Users/ASUS/AppData/Local/Temp/A%20WORD%20FROM%20A%20TECHIE.pdf Accessed 9 August 2020.
Khedidja Kaouter, A., & Mechraoui R. (2015). The effect of listening to podcasts on incidental vocabulary acquisition. International Journal of Humanities and Management Sciences (IJHMS), 3(1), 7-11. http://www.isaet.org/images/extraimages/P115324.pdf Accessed 9 August 2020.
Larsen-Freeman, D., & Anderson, M. (2015). Techniques and principles in language teaching (3rd Ed.). Oxford University Press.
Latif, A. (2015). Developing podcast of English song as media for ELT listening. Premise Journal, 4(2), 32-40. doi: 10.24127/pj.v4i2.290
Lee, L. (2009). Promoting intercultural exchanges with blogs and podcasting: A study of Spanish–American telecollaboration. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 22(5), 425-443. doi:10.1080/09588220903345184
Lee, M. J. W., & Chan, A. (2007). Pervasive, lifestyle-integrated mobile learning for distance learners: An analysis and unexpected results from a podcasting study. Open Learning, 22(3), 201-218. doi: 10.1080/02680510701619810
McCombs, S., & Liu, Y. (2007). The efficacy of podcasting technology in instructional delivery. International Journal of Technology in Teaching and Learning, 3(2), 123-134.
Mike, S. (2013). The importance of listening comprehension in English. http://www.streetsmartlanguagelearning.com/2013/08/the-importance-of-listening.html
Mirza Suzani, S. (2020). Investigating the effect of podcasting on Iranian senior undergraduate TEFL students’ listening comprehension improvement and motivation. Asia-Pacific Edu Res. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40299-020-00526-w
NamazianDost, I., Bohloulzadeh, G., & Rahmatollahi, R. (2017). The effects of using podcast on listening comprehension among Iranian pre-intermediate EFL learners. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature (IJALEL), 6(6), 57-70. doi:10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.6n.6p.57 http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.6n.6p.57
Nunan, D. (2002). Listening in language learning. In J. C. Richards & W. A. Renandya (Eds.), Methodology in language teaching: An anthology of current practice (pp. 238–241). Cambridge University Press.
Putman, S. M., & Kingsley, T. (2012). The atoms family: Using podcasts to enhance the development of science vocabulary. The Reading Teacher, 63(2), 100-108. doi: 10.1598/RT.63.2.1
Rahimi, M., & Hosseini, F. (2011). The impact of computer-based activities on Iranian high-school students’ attitudes towards computer-assisted language learning. Procedia Computer Science, 3, 183-190. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2010.12.031
Renukadevi, D. (2014). The role of listening in language acquisition: The challenges & strategies in teaching listening. International Journal of Education and Information Studies, 4(1), 59-63. http://www.ripublication.com/ijeisv1n1/ijeisv4n1_13.pdf
Romadhon, M. G. E. (2019). Utilizing podcast in listening class: The advantages and the challenges. Proceeding of 1st Conference of English Language and Literature (CELL): Innovative Teaching of Language and Literature in Digital Era.
Salmon, G., & Nie, M. (2008). Doubling the life of iPods. In G. Salmon & P. Edirisingha (Eds.), Podcasting for learning in universities (pp. 1-11). Maidenhead: Open University Press.
Sayadi, M., & Mashhadi Heidar, D. (2018). The impact of using podcasts on Iranian autonomous /non-autonomous EFL learners’ listening comprehension ability at pre-intermediate level. International Journal of Research in English Education (IJREE), 3(3), 72-82.
http://ijreeonline.com/article-1-116-en.html
Schulz, R. (2006). Reevaluating communicative competence as a major goal in postsecondary language requirement courses. Modern Language Journal, 90, 252-255. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.2006.00395_4.x
Shadish, W., Cook, T., & Campbell, D. (2002). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference. Houghton Mifflin.
Shafiee, F., & Salehi, H. (2019). The effects of podcasting on listening and speaking skills: A review paper. 7th National Conference on Applied Research Language Studies. https://civilica.com/doc/989748/
Shahid, S. H., & Ali, Z. (2017). Effects of video-podcasts on listening comprehension of Saudi EFL learners. European Journal of English Language Teaching, 2(4), 169-193. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.891143
Shiri, S. (2015). The application of podcasting as a motivational strategy to Iranian EFL learners of English: A view toward listening comprehension. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 6(3), 155-165. doi:10.7575/aiac.alls.v.6n.3p.155
Stoltenkamp, J., Mapuva, J., Khumalo Y., & Kies C. (2011). Rolling out podcasting to enhance teaching and learning: A case of the University of the Western Cape. International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, 8(1), 1–21. http://www.itdl.org/Journal/jan_11/article02.htm Accessed 14 August 2020.
Sutton-Brady, C., Scott, K. M., Taylor, L., Carabetta, G., & Clark, S. (2009). The value of using short-format podcasts to enhance learning and teaching. ALT-J, 17(3), 219-232. doi: 10.3402/rlt.v17i3.10878
Thorne, S. L., & Payne, J. S. (2005). Evolutionary trajectories, Internet-mediated expression, and language education. CALICO Journal, 22(3), 371–397. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/wll_fac/17/ Accessed 9 August 2020.
Vahdat, S., & Eidipour, M. (2016). Adopting CALL to improve listening comprehension of Iranian junior high school students. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 6(8), 1609-1617. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0608.13
Vandergrift, L. (2007). Recent developments in second and foreign language listening comprehension research. Language Teaching, 40(3), 191–210. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444807004338
Wang, Y., & Gafurov, D. (2015). The cognitive process of comprehension: A formal description. University of Calgary. Gjovik University College, Norway.
Widodo, M. R., & Gunawan, A. (2019). Investigating the effect of using podcast on students’ listening comprehension. Lingua Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa, 15(1), 35-42. doi: https://doi.org/10.34005/lingua.v15i2.358
Wilson, J. J. (2008). How to teach listening. Pearson Education.
Yoestra, M., & Putri, Z. (2018). Podcast: an alternative way to improve EFL Students’ listening and speaking performance. ENGLISIA, 6(1), 15-26. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/ej.v6i1.3805
rehension. International Journal of language Education, 2(2), 23-33. doi: https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v2i2.5878
Al Qasim, N., & Al Fadda, H. (2013). From CALL to MALL: The effectiveness of podcast on EFL higher education students’ listening comprehension. English Language Teaching, 6(9), 30-41. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1077142.pdf Accessed 9 August 2020.
Aryadoust, V., & Lashkary, H. (2009). Teaching aids: Effective in Iranian students lexical acquisition? Asian EFL Journal, 11(3), 329-351. https://www.asian-efl-journal.com/main-journals/teaching-aids-effective-in-iranian-students-lexical-acquisition/ Accessed 2 October 2019.
Asaadinezhad, N., & Gorjian, B. (2015). The effect of reconstruction podcasts on pre-Intermediate EFL learners’ speaking proficiency. International Journal of Language Learning and Applied Linguistics World (IJLLALW), 8(3), 132-145.
Baker, R., Harrison, J., Thornton, B., & Yates, R. (2011). An analysis of the effectiveness of podcasting as a supplemental instructional tool: A pilot study. College Teaching Methods & Styles Journal (CTMS), 4(3), 49-54. doi: 10.19030/ctms.v4i3.5535
Chan, W. M., Chen, I. R., & Döpel, M. (2011). Podcasting in foreign language learning: Insights for podcast design from a developmental research project. In M. Levy, F. Blin, C. Bradin Siskin, & O. Takeuchi (Eds.), World CALL: Global perspectives on computer-assisted language learning (pp. 19-37). Routledge.
Clark, S., Giuseppe, C., Scott, K., Sutton-Brady, C., & Taylor, L. (2009). The value of using short-format podcasts to enhance learning and teaching. ALT-J Research in Learning Technology, 17(3), 219-322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09687760903247609
Davoudi, M., & Rezaei, M. (2016). Using podcasts to improve second language comprehension in Iranian language classrooms. Journal of Studies in Education, 6(2), 24-39. file:///C:/Users/ASUS/AppData/Local/Temp/9176-33977-1-PB.pdf Accessed 9 August 2020.
Ehteshami, A., & Salehi, H. (2016). Impact of audio-viewing materials on Iranian upper-intermediate EFL learners’ listening comprehension. International Journal of Applied Linguistics & English Literature, 5(7), 132-141. http://www.journals.aiac.org.au/index.php/IJALEL/article/view/2805 Accessed 12 March 2021.
Fang, X. (2008). Listening comprehension in EFL teaching. US-China Foreign Language, 6(1). https://www.slideshare.net/mora-deyanira/listening-comprehension-in-efl-teaching-14289732 Accessed 12 March 2021.
Faramarzi, S., Tabrizi, H. H., & Chalak, A. (2019). The effect of vodcasting tasks on EFL listening comprehension progress in an online program. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 1263-1280. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12181a
Fitria, U., Vianty, M., & Petrus, I. (2015). Using podcast to improve students’ listening and speaking achievements. The Journal of English Literacy Education: The Teaching and Learning of English as a Foreign Language, 2(1), 55-68. https://ejournal.unsri.ac.id/index.php/jenglish/article/view/2218/0 Accessed 9 August 2020.
Galuh Elga Romadhon, M. (2019). Utilizing podcast in listening class: The advantages and the challenges. Proceeding of 1st Conference of English Language and Literature (CELL). https://semnas.untidar.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Muhammad-Galuh-Elga-Romadhon_Utilizing-Podcast-in-Listening-Class_-The-Advantages-and-The-Challengess.pdf Accessed 9 August 2020.
Hasan, M. M., & Hoon, T. B. (2012). ESL learners’ perception and attitudes the use of podcast in developing listening skills. The English Teacher, 41(2), 160-173. file:///C:/Users/ASUS/AppData/Local/Temp/252-563-1-PB.pdf Accessed 11 August 2020.
Hassen, D. (2016). The influence of podcasts on EFL student’s listening comprehension. M.A. Thesis, Department of Foreign Languages, Faculty of Letters and Languages, University Mohamed Kheider of BISKRA, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria.
Heilesen, S. B. (2010). What is the academic efficacy of podcasting? Computers & Education, 55(3), 1063-1068. doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2010.05.002
Ho, C. T. B., Chou, Y. H. D., & Fang, H. Y. V. (2016). Technology adoption of podcast in language learning: Using Taiwan and China as examples. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 6(1), 1-12. http://www.ijeeee.org/vol6/386-JZ0118.pdf Accessed 9 August 2020.
Hogan, T., Adlof, S., & Alonzo, C. (2014). On the importance of listening comprehension. International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 16(3), 199-207. https://s3.amazonaws.com/Listen_Current_Research/IJSLP_H_A_A_2014.pdf
Hosseini, M., & Choobdari, B. (2017). The role of podcasting in teaching English vocabulary to Iranian EFL pupils. Paper presented in E-learning Conference Seminar. 11th E-Learning Association of Iran.
Istanto, J. W. (2011). Pelangi Bahasa Indonesia podcast: what, why and how? Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 8(1), 371-384. https://mafiadoc.com/pelangi-bahasa-indonesia-podcast-what-why-and-how_598dc0031723ddd069fb1922.html Accessed 9 August 2020.
Jham, B., Duraes, G., Strassler, H., & Sensi, L. (2008). Joining the podcast revolution. Journal of Dental Education, 72(3), 278-281. doi: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2008.72.3.tb04493.x
Kavaliauskiene, G. (2008). Podcasting: A tool for improving listening skills. The Journal of Teaching English with Technology (TEwT), 8(4). file:///C:/Users/ASUS/AppData/Local/Temp/A%20WORD%20FROM%20A%20TECHIE.pdf Accessed 9 August 2020.
Khedidja Kaouter, A., & Mechraoui R. (2015). The effect of listening to podcasts on incidental vocabulary acquisition. International Journal of Humanities and Management Sciences (IJHMS), 3(1), 7-11. http://www.isaet.org/images/extraimages/P115324.pdf Accessed 9 August 2020.
Larsen-Freeman, D., & Anderson, M. (2015). Techniques and principles in language teaching (3rd Ed.). Oxford University Press.
Latif, A. (2015). Developing podcast of English song as media for ELT listening. Premise Journal, 4(2), 32-40. doi: 10.24127/pj.v4i2.290
Lee, L. (2009). Promoting intercultural exchanges with blogs and podcasting: A study of Spanish–American telecollaboration. Computer Assisted Language Learning, 22(5), 425-443. doi:10.1080/09588220903345184
Lee, M. J. W., & Chan, A. (2007). Pervasive, lifestyle-integrated mobile learning for distance learners: An analysis and unexpected results from a podcasting study. Open Learning, 22(3), 201-218. doi: 10.1080/02680510701619810
McCombs, S., & Liu, Y. (2007). The efficacy of podcasting technology in instructional delivery. International Journal of Technology in Teaching and Learning, 3(2), 123-134.
Mike, S. (2013). The importance of listening comprehension in English. http://www.streetsmartlanguagelearning.com/2013/08/the-importance-of-listening.html
Mirza Suzani, S. (2020). Investigating the effect of podcasting on Iranian senior undergraduate TEFL students’ listening comprehension improvement and motivation. Asia-Pacific Edu Res. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40299-020-00526-w
NamazianDost, I., Bohloulzadeh, G., & Rahmatollahi, R. (2017). The effects of using podcast on listening comprehension among Iranian pre-intermediate EFL learners. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature (IJALEL), 6(6), 57-70. doi:10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.6n.6p.57 http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.6n.6p.57
Nunan, D. (2002). Listening in language learning. In J. C. Richards & W. A. Renandya (Eds.), Methodology in language teaching: An anthology of current practice (pp. 238–241). Cambridge University Press.
Putman, S. M., & Kingsley, T. (2012). The atoms family: Using podcasts to enhance the development of science vocabulary. The Reading Teacher, 63(2), 100-108. doi: 10.1598/RT.63.2.1
Rahimi, M., & Hosseini, F. (2011). The impact of computer-based activities on Iranian high-school students’ attitudes towards computer-assisted language learning. Procedia Computer Science, 3, 183-190. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2010.12.031
Renukadevi, D. (2014). The role of listening in language acquisition: The challenges & strategies in teaching listening. International Journal of Education and Information Studies, 4(1), 59-63. http://www.ripublication.com/ijeisv1n1/ijeisv4n1_13.pdf
Romadhon, M. G. E. (2019). Utilizing podcast in listening class: The advantages and the challenges. Proceeding of 1st Conference of English Language and Literature (CELL): Innovative Teaching of Language and Literature in Digital Era.
Salmon, G., & Nie, M. (2008). Doubling the life of iPods. In G. Salmon & P. Edirisingha (Eds.), Podcasting for learning in universities (pp. 1-11). Maidenhead: Open University Press.
Sayadi, M., & Mashhadi Heidar, D. (2018). The impact of using podcasts on Iranian autonomous /non-autonomous EFL learners’ listening comprehension ability at pre-intermediate level. International Journal of Research in English Education (IJREE), 3(3), 72-82.
http://ijreeonline.com/article-1-116-en.html
Schulz, R. (2006). Reevaluating communicative competence as a major goal in postsecondary language requirement courses. Modern Language Journal, 90, 252-255. doi:10.1111/j.1540-4781.2006.00395_4.x
Shadish, W., Cook, T., & Campbell, D. (2002). Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference. Houghton Mifflin.
Shafiee, F., & Salehi, H. (2019). The effects of podcasting on listening and speaking skills: A review paper. 7th National Conference on Applied Research Language Studies. https://civilica.com/doc/989748/
Shahid, S. H., & Ali, Z. (2017). Effects of video-podcasts on listening comprehension of Saudi EFL learners. European Journal of English Language Teaching, 2(4), 169-193. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.891143
Shiri, S. (2015). The application of podcasting as a motivational strategy to Iranian EFL learners of English: A view toward listening comprehension. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 6(3), 155-165. doi:10.7575/aiac.alls.v.6n.3p.155
Stoltenkamp, J., Mapuva, J., Khumalo Y., & Kies C. (2011). Rolling out podcasting to enhance teaching and learning: A case of the University of the Western Cape. International Journal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, 8(1), 1–21. http://www.itdl.org/Journal/jan_11/article02.htm Accessed 14 August 2020.
Sutton-Brady, C., Scott, K. M., Taylor, L., Carabetta, G., & Clark, S. (2009). The value of using short-format podcasts to enhance learning and teaching. ALT-J, 17(3), 219-232. doi: 10.3402/rlt.v17i3.10878
Thorne, S. L., & Payne, J. S. (2005). Evolutionary trajectories, Internet-mediated expression, and language education. CALICO Journal, 22(3), 371–397. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/wll_fac/17/ Accessed 9 August 2020.
Vahdat, S., & Eidipour, M. (2016). Adopting CALL to improve listening comprehension of Iranian junior high school students. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 6(8), 1609-1617. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0608.13
Vandergrift, L. (2007). Recent developments in second and foreign language listening comprehension research. Language Teaching, 40(3), 191–210. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261444807004338
Wang, Y., & Gafurov, D. (2015). The cognitive process of comprehension: A formal description. University of Calgary. Gjovik University College, Norway.
Widodo, M. R., & Gunawan, A. (2019). Investigating the effect of using podcast on students’ listening comprehension. Lingua Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa, 15(1), 35-42. doi: https://doi.org/10.34005/lingua.v15i2.358
Wilson, J. J. (2008). How to teach listening. Pearson Education.
Yoestra, M., & Putri, Z. (2018). Podcast: an alternative way to improve EFL Students’ listening and speaking performance. ENGLISIA, 6(1), 15-26. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/ej.v6i1.3805