Interpreting English Across Cultures: Mediating Meaning in Shōgun Through a Thai Lens
Main Article Content
Abstract
This study explores the nuanced role of interpreters in the 2024 FX adaptation of Shōgun, focusing on how they mediate across linguistic and cultural boundaries. Using a combined approach of Thematic Analysis and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, and drawing on dual perspectives as academics and professional interpreters, we examine how interpreters in the series shape dialogue and influence political, religious, and social interactions. Far from being neutral conduits, the interpreters reframe, omit, and adapt messages to reflect personal, cultural, and strategic considerations. Through a Thai–English interpretive lens of intercultural communication and inductive approaches, the study draws parallels between the series and real-world practices, particularly in high-context societies like Thailand and Japan. It argues that interpreters often act as political agents, religious mediators, and cultural gatekeepers, making decisions that maintain harmony, protect status, and guide intercultural understanding. This fictional portrayal offers valuable insights into the real-life complexities of language mediation, underscoring the significance of interpreters in shaping intercultural encounters.
Article Details
References
Andrews, T. (2024, April 2). The language of Shōgun. Interpreters & Translators, Inc. https://ititranslates.com/the-language-of-shogun/
Anazawa, R., Ishikawa, H., & Kiuchi, T. (2012, January 1). The accuracy of medical interpretations: A pilot study of errors in Japanese-English interpreters during a simulated medical scenario. Translation and Interpreting, 4, 1–20.
Bancroft, M. (2005). The interpreter's world tour: An environment scan of standards of practice for interpreters. National Council on Interpreting in Health Care. https://www.ncihc.org/assets/documents/publications/NCIHC%20Environmental%20Scan.pdf
Benslama, O., & Souhali, H. (2024, July 1). Crossing the textual boundaries of James Clavell’s novel Shōgun in FX’s TV adaptation (2024). Academicus International Scientific Journal, 30, 53–69. https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2024.30.04
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3, 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
Brown, P., & Levinson, S. C. (1987). Politeness: Some universals in language usage. Cambridge University Press.
Chayasitt, P. (2017). Pali language and Buddhist scripture study. Dhammathas Academic Journal, 17(3), 165–176. https://so06.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/dhammathas/article/view/94480
Clavell, J. (1975). Shōgun. Atheneum.
Cooper, R. G., & Cooper, N. (2005). Culture Shock! Thailand: A survival guide to customs and etiquette. Marshall Cavendish Editions. https://books.google.co.th/books?id=2VzuAAAACAAJ.
Frellesvig, B. (2010). A history of the Japanese language. Cambridge University Press. https://books.google.co.th/books?id=v1FcAgiAC9IC
García, O., & Wei, L. (2014). Translanguaging: Language, Bilingualism, and Education. Palgrave MacMillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137385765
Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond culture. Anchor.
Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations. SAGE Publications. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=w6z18LJ_1VsC
Inghilleri, M. (2005). The sociology of Bourdieu and the construction of the ‘object’ in translation and interpreting studies. The Translator, 11(2), 125–145. https://doi.org/10.1080/13556509.2005.10799195
Jackson, P. A. (2009, September 1). Markets, media, and magic: Thailand's monarch as a ‘virtual deity’. Inter-Asia Cultural Studies, 10(3), 361–380. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649370902949366
Jones, R. B. (1971). Thai titles and ranks: Including a translation of traditions of royal lineage in Siam by King Chulalongkorn (Data Paper No. 81). Southeast Asia Program, Department of Asian Studies, Cornell University.
Liddicoat, A. (2016). Translation as intercultural mediation: Setting the scene. Perspectives, 24(3), 347–353. https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.2015.1125934
Marginean, A. (2014). Perspectival oppositions, ambivalence and the converted "colonizer" in James Clavell's Shōgun. Romanian Economic and Business Review, 9(3), 91–101. https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A490769080/AONE?u=anon~ce35bd06&sid=googleScholar&xid=ec6aac5b
Pokorn, N. K., & Mikolič Južnič, T. (2020). Community interpreters versus intercultural mediators. Translation and Interpreting Studies, 15(1), 80–107. https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.20027.koc
Powell, L., Amsbary, J., & Hickson, M. (2014, March 30). The wai in Thai culture: Greeting, status-marking and national identity functions. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 14(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.36923/jicc.v14i1.669
Reddy, M. J. (1979). The conduit metaphor: A case of frame conflict in our language about language. In A. Ortony (Ed.), Metaphor and thought (pp. 285–324). Cambridge University Press.
Seidlhofer, B. (2011). Understanding English as a lingua franca. Oxford University Press.
Smith, J. A., Flowers, P., & Larkin, M. (2012). Interpretative phenomenological analysis: Theory, method and research. SAGE Publications. https://books.google.co.th/books?id=WZ2Dqb42exQC
Swearer, D. K. (2012). The Buddhist world of Southeast Asia (2nd ed.). State University of New York Press.
Snyder, O. (2024, May 28). Shōgun: The art of interpretation. The Path. [Blog post]. https://thepathwitcher.blog/2024/05/28/shogun-the-art-of-interpretation/
Takeda, K. (2013). The interpreter as traitor: Multilingualism in Guizi lai le (Devils on the Doorstep). Linguistica Antverpiensia, New Series – Themes in Translation Studies, 13, 93–111. https://doi.org/10.52034/lanstts.v13i.71
Thepgumpanat, P. & Lach, C. (2025, June 18). Leaked call between Thai PM and Cambodia 'strongman' stokes fresh tensions. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/thousands-cambodians-join-government-rally-border-dispute-with-thailand-2025-06-18/
Ting-Toomey, S., & Kurogi, A. (1998). Facework competence in intercultural conflict: An updated face-negotiation theory. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 22(2), 187–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-1767(98)00004-2
Triandis, H. C. (2001). Individualism-collectivism and personality. Journal of Personality, 69(6), 907–924. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6494.696169
Wadensjö, C. (2014). Interpreting as interaction. Routledge.