Analysis and Spatial Application of Human Security Indicators in Perspectives of Sustainable Development
Keywords:
human achievement index (HAI), human security, spatial analysis, sustainable developmentAbstract
This study aims to analyze the implications of human security indicators and sustainable development, in perspectives of economic, social, and environmental aspects for investigating development opportunities in the study area,the Central-West region of Thailand. The Human Achievement Index (HAI) from the National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) was exploited as a based case of human security indicators for a mixed-method research in the study. The data collection was conducted by a purposive sampling method towards the Delphi technique, which 18 participants were invited to deliver their opinions as the panelists, prior to integrate the significant indicators with the spatial application, namely ArcGIS. This analysis exploited various statistical measurements, including Mean, Median, Mode, and Interquartile to pursue central tendency and implication levels of the data collected. The findings expressed a series of implications, which human security affect to sustainable development, for instance, the top three highest significant indicators in each perspective could be ranked, as follows: 1) economic security--family income, consuming debt, and poverty rate, 2) social security--unemployment rate, social insurance, and high school and vocational training opportunity, and 3) environmental security--serviceable main road, greenhouse emission rate, and house and land owner, respectively.The study also derived various indicators from the panelists via the Delphi technique, for example, sufficiency economic village, drug-trafficking case, immigration rate, medical personnel rate, and air quality index. Furthermore, the panelists contributed some recommendations, regarding ecology and creative tourism, local business mechanism, smart city, empirical indicator, multi-dimensions of social and environmental issues. Nevertheless, the study suggested that the political vote rate in the year 2016 should be dismissed from the HAI.
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