The Impact of PM2.5 on Socio-Economic of Thailand: The Perception Based on The Survey Data

Main Article Content

Chukiat Chaiboonsri
Paponsun Eakkapun
Niorn Sirimongkonlertkun
Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj
Rujikan Nasanit
Ronbanchob Apiratikul
Navarat Apirakkittikul
Piyasak Manason
Krisdakorn Wongwuthikun
Siwatt Pongpiachan

Abstract

The current fine particulate matter, PM2.5 situation in Thailand becomes urgently as the national issue addressed. The impacts from dust do not be limited only dust particle itself but it also carried various toxins. Many studies have determined that the PM2.5 contains various heavy metals, which results in health problems. The health dimensions that could be affect by PM2.5 including respiratory tract diseases, mental health, well-being etc. These impacts affect working people, as well as society in various living conditions covered urban and rural setting. This paper aim to investigate PM2.5 focusing on health and economic impacts. The data has been collected by using questionnaire which was distributed in all province of Thailand Kingdom. The perceptions of Thai people regarding impacts from PM2.5 including economic, social and environment have been determined using mathematical model to interpret as empirical values for perception levels among different groups of factors studied.


 

Article Details

Section
Articles

References

Adams, M.D.; Kanaroglou, P.S. Mapping real-time air pollution health risk for environmental management: Combining mobile and stationary air pollution monitoring with neural network models. J. Environ. Manag. 2016, 168, 133–141.

Cochran, W.G. (1953). Sampling Techiques. New York : John Wiley & Sons. Inc.

Cao, C., Jiang, W., Wang, B., Fang, J., Lang, J., Tian, G., Jiang, J., & Zhu, T.F. (2014). Inhalable microorganisms in Beijing’s PM2.5 and PM10 pollutants during a severe smog event. Environmental Science and Technology, 48, 1499–1507. doi:10.1021/es4048472

Comunian, S., Dongo, D., Milani, C., & Palestini, P. (2020). Air pollution and COVID-19: The role of particulate matter in the spread and increase of COVID-19’s morbidity and mortality. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17, 4487. doi:10.3390/ijerph17124487

Fattorini, D., & Regoli, F. (2020). Role of the chronic air pollution levels in the COVID-19 outbreak risk in Italy. Environmental Pollution, 264, 114732. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114732

Garcia, C. A., Yap, P.-S., Park, H.-Y., & Weller, B. L. (2015). Association of long-term PM2.5 exposure with mortality using different air pollution exposure models: impacts in rural and urban California. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 26(2), 145–157. doi:10.1080/09603123.2015.1061113

Hägglund, G. (1982). Factor analysis by instrumental variables methods. Psychometrika, 47(2), 209–222. doi:10.1007/bf02296276

Han, L., Zhou, W., & Li, W. (2015). Increasing impact of urban fine particles (PM2.5) on areas surrounding Chinese cities. Scientific Reports, 5(1). doi:10.1038/srep12467

Joreskog, K.G. and Sorbom, D. (1993) LISREL 8: Structural Equation Modelling with the SIMPLIS Command Language. Scientific Software.

Jöreskog, K., & Goldberger, A.S. (1975). Estimation of a Model with a Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes of a Single Latent Variable. Journal of American Statistical Association, Vol. 70, 631-639.Trebicka, B. (2014). Mimic Model: A Tool to Estimate the Shadow Economy. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies. doi:10.5901/ajis.2014.v3n6p295

Karambelas, A., Holloway, T., Kinney, P. L., Fiore, A. M., DeFries, R., Kiesewetter, G., & Heyes, C. (2018). Urban versus rural health impacts attributable to PM2.5 and O3 in northern India. Environmental Research Letters, 13(6), 064010. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aac24d

Koman, P. D., Hogan, K. A., Sampson, N., Mandell, R., Coombe, C. M., Tetteh, M. M., … Woodruff, T. J. (2018). Examining Joint Effects of Air Pollution Exposure and Social Determinants of Health in Defining “At-Risk” Populations Under the Clean Air Act: Susceptibility of Pregnant Women to Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy. World Medical & Health Policy, 10(1), 7–54. doi:10.1002/wmh3.257

Li, H., Xu, X-L., Dai, D-W., Huang, Z-Y., Ma, Z., & Guan, Y-G. (2020). Air pollution and temperature are associated with increased COVID-19 incidence: A time series study. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 97, 278–282. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.076

Liao, Q., Jin, W., Tao, Y., Qu, J., Li, Y., & Niu, Y. (2020). Health and Economic Loss Assessment of PM2.5 Pollution during 2015–2017 in Gansu Province, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(9), 3253.

Liu, C., Chen, R., Sera, F., Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M., Guo, Y., Tong, S., … Kan, H. (2019). Ambient Particulate Air Pollution and Daily Mortality in 652 Cities. New England Journal of Medicine, 381(8), 705–715.

Liu, S., Chiang, Y.-T., Tseng, C.-C., Ng, E., Yeh, G.-L., & Fang, W.-T. (2018). The Theory of Planned Behavior to Predict Protective Behavioral Intentions against PM2.5 in Parents of Young Children from Urban and Rural Beijing, China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(10), 2215.

Luo, H., Guan, Q., Lin, J., Wang, Q., Yang, L., Tan, Z., & Wang, N. (2020). Air pollution characteristics and human health risks in key cities of northwest China. Journal of Environmental Management, 269, 110791.

Martinez, G., Spadaro, J., Chapizanis, D., Kendrovski, V., Kochubovski, M., & Mudu, P. (2018). Health Impacts and Economic Costs of Air Pollution in the Metropolitan Area of Skopje. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(4), 626. doi:10.3390/ijerph15040626

Martins, N. R., & Carrilho da Graça, G. (2018). Impact of PM2.5 in indoor urban environments: A review. Sustainable Cities and Society, 42, 259–275. doi:10.1016/j.scs.2018.07.011

Su, W., Wu, X., Geng, X., Zhao, X., Liu, Q., & Liu, T. (2019). The short-term effects of air pollutants on influenza-like illness in Jinan, China. BMC Public Health. 19, 1319. doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-7607-2

Wu R, Dai H, Geng Y, et al. Economic impacts from PM2.5 pollution-related health effects: a case study in Shanghai. Environ Sci Technol. 2017;51:5035–42.

Xie Y, Dai H, Dong H, et al. Economic impacts from PM2.5 pollution-related health effects in China: a provincial-level analysis. Environ Sci Technol. 2016;50:4836–43.

Yang, Y., Fang, J., Wang, W., Li, Y., & Li, Y. (2021). The Impact of Air Quality on Effective Labor Supply: Based on the Survey Data of Zhejiang Province in China. Sustainability, 13(7), 4012

Yao, Y., Pan, J., Liu1, Z., Meng, X., Wang, W., Kan, H., & Wang, W. (2020). Temporal association between particulate matter pollution and case fatality rate of COVID-19 in Wuhan. Environmental Research, 189, 109941. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109941