Evolving Landscape of Philanthropy in Thailand: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities in Social Sector Development
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Abstract
Philanthropy in Thailand plays a critical role in addressing social and economic inequalities and has long been influenced by cultural and religious traditions, particularly Buddhist principles of merit-making, which emphasize generosity and community-based giving. In recent years, the philanthropic sector has undergone a significant transformation, driven by urbanization, economic development, and globalization. This study, based on a survey of 124 social organizations in Thailand, examines key philanthropic trends in 2024, focusing on Social Delivery Organizations (SDOs), and compares these trends with regional and global patterns. It also explores the factors influencing philanthropic behavior and the implications for Thailand’s broader social development. Findings reveal a growing emphasis on corporate social responsibility (CSR), social enterprises, and strategic philanthropy, with 96% of SDOs engaging in collaborations, surpassing the Asia average of 84 percent. However, challenges persist, including regulatory barriers, limited donor support for capacity building, and difficulties in talent recruitment and retention. Compared to regional peers, Thailand excels in corporate engagement but lags in regulatory clarity and donor accountability. This study suggests policy reforms, stronger donor emphasis on impact measurement, and future research to advance impact-based philanthropy in Thailand.
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