Work-Life Balance and Quality of Work Life of Operational-Level Employees in an Independent Administrative Organization: A Case Study of the Trade Competition Commission of Thailand
Keywords:
Work-Life Balance, Quality of Work Life, Independent Administrative Organization, Human Resource ManagementAbstract
This study aims to examine the levels of work-life balance (WLB) and quality of work life (QWL) among operational-level employees in an independent state agency: a case study of the Office of Trade Competition Commission (TCCT). It also investigates the effect of WLB on QWL and compares WLB and QWL between core and support staff. The sample consisted of 94 operational-level employees, and data were collected using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics, including Pearson’s correlation coefficient, multiple linear regression, and independent samples t-test, were employed for data analysis. The findings revealed that employees had a high level of both WLB and QWL, with intellectual WLB (X̄ = 3.77) and opportunity for potential development under QWL (X̄ = 3.75) being the highest. Overall WLB was strongly and positively correlated with QWL (r = .847), particularly in the intellectual, financial, and family dimensions (p < .05). Multiple regression analysis indicated that four WLB dimensions—work, family, financial, and intellectual—had a significant positive effect on QWL (p < .05), with intellectual WLB being the most influential (β = .288). However, the time dimension of WLB did not show a statistically significant influence (p = .200). No statistically significant differences were found in WLB and QWL between core and support staff. These results highlight the importance of enhancing WLB, particularly in intellectual aspects, as a strategy for sustainably improving QWL in independent public organizations.
References
Aryee, S., Srinivas, E. S., & Tan, H. H. (2005). Rhythms of life: Antecedents and outcomes of work–family balance in employed parents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(1), 132–146.
Bhende, P., Parab, M., & Kulkarni, R. (2020). Work-life balance and quality of work life: A study of employees in service sector. Studies in Indian Place Names, 40(1), 121–130.
Bhende, P., Patil, P. S., & Shaikh, A. (2020). Work-life balance and quality of work life among employees. International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, 7(4), 499–505.
Bowin, R. B., & Harvey, D. (2001). Human Resource Management: An Experiential Approach. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Byars, L. L., & Rue, L. W. (1997). Human Resource Management (5th ed.). Boston, MA: Irwin/McGraw-Hill.
Carlson, D. S., Grzywacz, J. G., & Kacmar, K. M. (2010). The relationship of schedule flexibility and outcomes via the work–family interface. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25(4), 330–355.
Choi, S. B., & Kim, K. (2012). Work environment and employees’ well-being: The role of perceived safety and health promotion. Journal of Safety Research, 43(5–6), 329–340.
Czerwińska-Lubszczyk, A., & Byrtek, N. (2024). Work-life balance in SME sector and large enterprises. Management Systems in Production Engineering, 32(1), 24–32.
Davis, K., & Newstrom, J. W. (1989). Human Behavior at Work: Organizational Behavior (8th ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill.
De Cieri, H., Holmes, B., Abbott, J., & Pettit, T. (2002). Achievements and challenges for work–life balance strategies in Australian organizations. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 13(2), 273–294.
Department of Labour of New Zealand. (2006). Work-life balance in New Zealand: A Snapshot of Employee and Employer Attitudes and Experiences. Wellington, New Zealand: Department of Labour.
Greenhaus, J. H., Collins, K. M., & Shaw, J. D. (2002). The relation between work–family balance and quality of life. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 63(3), 510–531.
Gujarati, D. N., & Porter, D. C. (2009). Basic Econometrics (5th ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill.
Hasan, N., Jawaad, M., & Butt, M. (2021). The influence of person–job fit, work–life balance, and work conditions on organizational commitment: Investigating the mediation of job satisfaction in the private sector of the emerging market. Sustainability, 13(12), 6622. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126622
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). London: Pearson Education.
Hongsaeng, P. (2012). Human Resource Management. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University Press. [In Thai].
Huse, E. F., & Cummings, T. G. (1985). Organizational Development and Change. St. Paul, MN: West Publishing.
Immak, B. (2015). Quality of work life and organizational commitment of employees in an electronic parts manufacturing company in the eastern region. Master’s thesis. Chonburi: Burapha University. [In Thai].
Ivancevich, J. M. (1998). Human Resource Management (7th ed.). Boston, MA: Irwin/McGraw-Hill.
King Prajadhipok’s Institute. (2020). Roles and powers of independent organizations under the Constitution. Bangkok: King Prajadhipok’s Institute. [In Thai].
Kotler, P., & Armstrong, G. (2002). Principles of Marketing (11th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Kumari, N., & Sharma, A. K. (2019). Work-life balance and job satisfaction: A review of literature. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE), 8(9S3), 765–768.
Maslow, A. H. (1970). Motivation and Personality (2nd ed.). New York: Harper & Row.
Merrill, D., & Merrill, R. (2003). Life Matters: Creating a Dynamic Balance Of Work, Family, Time, and Money. Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill.
Mondy, R. W., Noe, R. M., & Premeaux, S. R. (1999). Human Resource Management (7th ed.,). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Phongatichat, P. (2006). Modern Human Resource Management. Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University Press. [In Thai].
Putra, K. A. (2023). Work-life balance and psychological well-being in early adult single women. Jurnal Sosio Humaniora, 14(1), 1–10.
Sangdara, S. (2018). The relationship between quality of work life and organizational commitment of personnel at the Bangkok Juvenile Observation and Protection Center. Master’s thesis. Bangkok: Silpakorn University. [In Thai].
Sangsavang, S. (2016). Factors affecting the quality of work life of private company employees in Nakhon Ratchasima Province. Master’s thesis. Nakhon Ratchasima : Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University. [In Thai].
Singhareuk, W. (2021). Creative human resource management of savings cooperatives in Thailand. Doctoral dissertation. Bangkok: Silpakorn University. [In Thai].
Sirgy, M. J., & Lee, D. J. (2018). Work-life balance: A quality-of-life model. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 13(1), 1–17.
Sirgy, M. J., & Lee, D. J. (2018). Work-life balance: An integrative review. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 13(1), 229–254.
State Services Commission. (2005). Work-life Balance: A Resource for the State Services. Wellington, New Zealand: State Services Commission.
Thipso, C. (2007). Work-life balance creation of employees in business organizations. Master’s thesis. Bangkok: Thammasat University. [In Thai].
Trade Competition Commission of Thailand. (2018). Regulation on Human Resource Management of the Trade Competition Commission Office B.E. 2561 (2018). Retrieved from http://www.tcct.go.th
Wailom, W. (2020). Quality of work life management of employees in local administrative organizations. Master’s thesis. Mahasarakham: Mahasarakham University. [In Thai].
Walton, R. E. (1975). Criteria for quality of working life. In L. E. Davis & A. B. Cherns (Eds.), The quality of working life (Vol. 1, pp. 91–104). New York: Free Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Modern Management Frontier Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
