MIL in Post-Pandemic Southeast Asia: Approaches to Measuring Effectiveness in the Academic Literature Approaches to Measuring Effectiveness in the Academic Literature

Main Article Content

James Gomez
Robin Ramcharan

Abstract

This article reviews recent scholarship on the effectiveness of media information literacy (MIL), advanced as a tool to fight an “infodemic” in Southeast Asia. The latter refers to the overload of false information that has consumed Southeast Asia during the COVID-19 pandemic, ravaging the world since January 2020 and is reaching an endemic stage by mid-2022. Asia Centre has suggested that of all of the remedies available to combat this infodemic, media literacy may be the most effective for the long term, in combination with other approaches including accurate information sharing by authorities, fact-checking, take-down action by technology/social media companies and quality journalism. This article probes scholarship on the effectiveness of MIL to distil models of MIL and an assessment of its utility in light of extant studies. The review is based on desk research using publicly available and specialized databases to identify academic articles on MIL.

Article Details

How to Cite
Gomez, J., & Ramcharan, R. (2022). MIL in Post-Pandemic Southeast Asia: Approaches to Measuring Effectiveness in the Academic Literature: Approaches to Measuring Effectiveness in the Academic Literature. TMF Journal, 1(2), 112–150. retrieved from https://so04.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tmfjournal/article/view/258615
Section
Review Article

References

Bibliography

Aydemir, S., & Demirkan, Ö. (2018). Gender-aware media literacy training: A needs analysis study for prospective teachers. Educational Policy Analysis and Strategic Research, 13(1),

-30.

Blaschke, L. M. (2012). Heutagogy and lifelong learning: a review of heutagogical practice and self-determined learning. International Research Review on Open and Distance Learning, Athabaca University, 13(1), 56-71.

Buckingham, D. (2003). Media education. literacy, learning and contemporary culture. Cambridge: Polity Press.

Butler, A. T. (2019). Educating media literacy: The need for critical media literacy in teacher education. Retrieved from https://brill.com/view/title/54625.

Butler, A. T. (2020). Key scholarship in media literacy: David Buckingham. Retrieved from https://brill.com/view/title/ 54624.

Chen, D., Wu, J., & Wang, Y. (2011). Unpacking new media literacy. Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, 9(2),

-88.

Christ, W. G., & De Abreu, B. S. (2020). Media literacy in a disruptive media environment New York: Routledge.

Cubbage, J. (2018) Handbook of research on media literacy in higher education environments. Hershey, PA: IGI Global.

Datareportal. (2022). Global social media statistics. Retrieved 3 May 2022, from https://datareportal.com/social-media-users.

Dawson, S., & Siemens, G. (2014). Analytics to literacies: The development of a learning analytics framework for multiliteracies assessment. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, 15(4), 284-305.

De Abreu, B. S., Mihailidis, P., Lee, A. Y. L., Melki, J., & McDougall, J. (2017). International handbook of media literacy education. London: Routledge.

Druick, Z. (2016). The myth of media literacy. International Journal of Communication, 10, 1125-1144.

EPALE (2019) Media literacy education for adults should be empowering, Retrieved 30 April 2022, from https://epale.ec.europa.eu/en/blog/media-literacy-education-adults-should-be-empowering.

Fedorov, A. (2015). Media literacy education. Moscow: ICO Information for All.

Friesem, E. (2018) Hidden biases and fake news: Finding a balance between critical thinking and cynicism. Social Education, 82(4), 228-231.

Funk, S., Kellner, D., & Share, J. (2019). The critical media literacy guide. Retrieved from https://brill.com/view/title/55281

Gelfert, A. (2018). Fake news: A definition. Informal Logic, 38(1),

–117.

Gomez, J., & Ramcharan, R. (2021). Infodemic infects southeast asia. Retrieved 15 April 2022, from https://www.bangkokpost.com/opinion/opinion/2170715/infodemic-infects-southeast-asia.

Gomez, J., Ramcharan, R. (2022). COVID-19 and infodemic in southeast asia. Thai Media Fund Journal, 1(1), 81-103.

Grace, D. J. (2005). Media literacy: What, why, and how? Educational Perspectives, 38(2), 5-8.

Hall, H. L., Fromm, M., & Manfull, A. (2015). Student journalism & media literacy. New York: Rosen Publishing Group.

Harshman, J. (2021). Developing globally minded, critical media literacy skills. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 8(1), 69-92.

Hobbs, R. (2021). Media literacy in action: Questioning the media. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

Jones-Jang, S. M., Mortensen, T., & Liu, J. (2019). Does media literacy help identification of fake news? information literacy helps, but other literacies don't. American Behavioral Scientist, 65(2), 1-18.

Kleemans, M., & Eggink, G. (2020) Understanding news: The impact of media literacy education on teenagers’ news literacy. Journalism Education, 5(1), 74-88.

Knaus, T. (2020). Technology criticism and data literacy: The case for an augmented understanding of media literacy. Journal of Media Literacy Education, 12(3), 6-16.

Koltay, T. (2011). The media and the literacies: Media literacy, information literacy, digital literacy. Media, Culture & Society, 33(2), 211-221.

Kotilainen, S., & Arnolds-Granlunds S. B. (2010). Media literacy education: Nordic perspectives. Göteborg: International Clearinghouse on Children, Youth & Media.

Kozolanka, K., & Orlowski, P. (2018). Media literacy for citizenship: A canadian perspective. Toronto: Canadian Scholars.

Lewis, R. S. (2021). Technology, media literacy, and the human subject: A posthuman approach. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers.

Lin, T. B., Li, J. Y., Deng, F., & Lee, L. (2013). Understanding new media literacy: An explorative theoretical framework. Educational Technology & Society, 16(4), 160-170.

Livingstone, S. (2004). media literacy and the challenge of new information and communication technologies. The Communication Review, 7(1), 3-14.

Livingstone, S., Couvering, V., & Thumim, E. N. (c.2005). Adult media literacy: A review of the research literature. Retrieved 18 April 2022, from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/4155054.pdf

Lombardo, J. (2020). Fake news, bias, and media literacy. New York: Cavendish Square.

Macgregor, M. (2020). Empowering young people-and adults-to tell fake news from facts. Retrieved 9 June 2021, from https://www.dw.com/en/empowering-young-people-and-adults-to-tell-fake-news-from-facts/a-55128051.

Maksl, A., Ashley, S., & Craft, S. (2013). Developing a news media literacy scale. Journalism and Mass Communication Educator, 68, 7-21.

Maksl, A., Ashley, S., & Craft, S. (2015). Measuring news media literacy. Journal of Media Literacy Education, 6(3), 29-45.

Maksl, A., Ashley, S., & Craft, S. (2017). News media literacy and political engagement: What’s the connection? Journal of Media Literacy Education, 9(1), 79-98.

Manca, S., Bocconi, S., & Gleason, B. (2019). Think globally, act locally: A glocal approach to the development of social media literacy. Computers & Education, 160.

Martens, H. (2010). Evaluating media literacy education: Concepts, theories and future directions. Journal of Media Literacy Education, 2(1), 1-22.

Martens, H., & Hobbs, R. (2015). How media literacy supports civic engagement in a digital age. Atlantic Journal of Communication, 23(2), 120-137.

Mason, L. E., Krutka, D. G., & Stoddard, J. (2018). Media literacy, democracy, and the challenge of fake news. Journal of Media Literacy Education, 10(2), 1-10.

Masterman, L. (1997). A rationale for media education. In Media Literacy in the Information Age, Kubey, R. (ed.), New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.

McWhorter, C. (2020). The role of agenda melding in measuring news media literacy. Journal of Media Literacy Education, 12(1), 145-158.

Mehta, D. (2021). Evolution of education: pedagogy, andragogy, heutagogy and cybergogy. Online Journal of Multidisciplinary Subjects, 14(4), 9-13.

Nierenberg, E.; Låg, T., & Dahl, T. I. (2021). Knowing and doing: The development of information literacy measures to assess knowledge and practice. Journal of Information Literacy, 15(2), 78-123.

Ofcom, UK. (2022). Adults’ media literacy. Retrieved 23 April 2022, from https://www.ofcom.org.uk/research-and-data/media-literacy-research/adults

Pandya, J. Z. (2018). Exploring Critical digital literacy practices: Everyday video in a dual language context. New York: Routledge.

Potter, W. J. (2004). Theory of media literacy: A cognitive approach. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Potter, W. J., & Thai, C. L. (2019). Reviewing media literacy intervention studies for validity. Review of Communication Research, 7, 38-66.

Rattray, C. (2020). media and information literacy in an age of uncertainty. Retrieved 18 April 2022, from https://www.un.org/en/un-chronicle/media-and-information-literacy-age-uncertainty.

Silverblatt, A., Miller, D. C., Smith J., & Brown, N. (2014). Media literacy: Keys to interpreting media messages (4th ed.). Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO.

Tan Wee Hin, L. & Subramaniam, R. (2009). Handbook of research on new media literacy at the k-12 level: Issues and challenges: Issues and challenges. Hershey, PA: IFI Global.

Tomczyk, L., & Potyrala, K. (2021). Parents’ knowledge and skills about the risks of the digital world. South African Journal of Education, 41(1), 1-19.

Tyner, K. (2009). Media literacy: New agendas in communication. London: Routledge.

UNESCO. (2013). Global media and information literacy assessment framework: Country readiness and competencies. Retrieved from http://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/ global-media-and-information-literacy-assessment-framework-country-readiness-and-competencies-2013-en.pdf

Valtonen, T., Tedre, M., Mäkitalo, K., & Vartiainen, H. (2019). Media literacy education in the age of machine learning. Journal of Media Literacy Education, 11(2), 20-36.

Valverde-Berrocoso, J., González-Fernández, A., & Acevedo-Borreg, J. (2022). Disinformation and multiliteracy: A systematic review of the literature. Media Education Research Journal, 30(70), 93-105.

Vraga, E., Tully, M., Kotcher, J.,& Broeckelman-Post, M. (2021).

A multi-dimensional approach to measuring news media literacy. Journal of Media Literacy Education, 7(3), 41-53.

Washington Post. (2022). How many people died believing vaccine misinformation? Retrieved 25 February 2022, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/02/22/coronavirus-vaccine-misinformation-still-erodes-confidence

WHO. (2020). Managing the COVID-19 infodemic: Promoting healthy behaviours and mitigating the harm from misinformation and disinformation. Retrieved 15 July 2021, from https://www.who.int/news/item/23-09-2020-managing-the-covid-19-infodemic-promoting-healthy-behaviours-and-mitigating-the-harm-from-misinformation-and-disinformation.

Worldometer. (2022). COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. Retrieved 4 May 2022, from https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus.

Yildiz, E. P. (2020). Opinions of academicians on digital literacy: A phenomenology study. Cypriot Journal of Educational Sciences, 15(3), 469-478.

Yildiz, M. N. (2015). Handbook of research on media literacy in the digital age. Hershey, PA: IGI Global.