Healthcare Material Development in Safely Using Supplementary Products for the Elderly

Abstract

         This article aims to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a multimedia health education tool on the safe use of dietary supplements for older adults, using a research and development (R&D) design based on the ADDIE model, comprising five phases: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data collection tools included semi-structured interviews, knowledge tests, awareness assessments, and multimedia user satisfaction and quality evaluation forms. Descriptive statistics, specifically mean and standard deviation, were used to describe demographic data. Content analysis was utilized for data concerning the context and behaviors of supplement use. A one-sample t-test was used to analyze the pre-test and post-test results, and the multimedia's efficiency was evaluated using Meguigan's formula.
         Findings revealed that older adults often misunderstood the nature of dietary supplements, relied on unreliable information sources, and lacked consultation with health professionals, leading to adverse interactions with medications. The developed multimedia content addressed key principles for the safe use of supplements and was designed based on Bloom’s Taxonomy to target cognitive, affective, and behavioral learning domains. Pilot testing showed that participants understood the content well and reported high levels of satisfaction. Effectiveness evaluation using Meguigans formula demonstrated significant improvements in both knowledge and awareness, with performance indices exceeding 60%. User satisfaction ratings across content, presentation, and narration averaged close to or above the 4.5 benchmark, indicating the tool’s clarity, relevance, and appropriateness for the target audience.