Simulation of 2D Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to simulate a 2D Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Computer programs by a Visual C# 2010 program were designed and performed to simulate an object sample, calculate k-space images and calculate reconstructed images. The sample is represented by the intensity of the pixel, the cross-sectional area of 3 water sample tubes of the same length tied together. The diameter of each tube is 20 mm. The ratio of the image intensity in each tube is 1:2:3, where the intensity of the image spot in each sample tube represents the proton density. In the calculations, the field of view (FOV) was used as 50×50 mm2 and the image resolution was 128 × 128 pixels. In this research, using 2D MRI conditions, the k-space images were calculated from the Fourier transform, and the reconstructed images were calculated from the inverse Fourier transform. The calculation results showed that the k-space images of the simulated object were given clear pictures and images computed in the process of image reconstruction were proportion of the image intensities corresponding to the intensities of the sample object image, but reducing image sharpness, because some of the color intensities in the k-space image were lost during the inverse Fourier transform process. In addition, in the image reconstruction, the object image is overlapping (aliasing) with the opposite image outside the FOV. However, it can also be corrected by adjusting the size of the k-space image to match the size of the reconstruction image by adjusting the axial data distance kx and the axial data distance ky according to the axial data distance x and the axial data distance y, respectively.
Article Details
The Journal of Science and Science Education (JSSE) retain the right of all articles published in JSSE. The coresponding author or the authorized person on behalf of the authors must send the complete Copyright Transfer Form to JSSE before any article get published in JSSE.
Copyright Transfer Form
The JSSE request the coresponding author or the authorized person on behalf of the authors upload the manuscript under the together with the Copyright Transfer Form under the supplementary data. The guidline for uploading both manuscript and Copyright Transfer Form is shown below:
1. Upload the manuscript in the sub-menu, Article Component > Article Text.
2. Upload the the Copyright Transfer Form in the sub-menu, Article Component > Other.
Download Copyright Transfer Form
References
Alecci, M., Ferrai, M., Quaresima, V., Sotgiu, A. and Ursini, C.L. (1994). Simultaneous 280 MHz EPR imaging of rat organs during nitroxide free radical clearance. Biophysical Journal, 67, 1274-1279.
Bracewell, R.N. (1986). The Fourier transform and its applications. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Bushong, S.C. (1988). An overview of magnetic resonance imaging, In D.T. Culverwell (Ed.). Magnetic resonance imaging: physical and biological principles. (pp. 1-17). Missouri: The C.V. Mosby Company.
Eaton, S.S. and Eaton, G.R. (1984). EPR imaging. Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 59, 474-477.
Edelstein, W.A., Hutchison, J.M.S, Johnson, G. and Redpath T. (1980). Spin warp NMR imaging and applications to human whole-body imaging. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 25, 751-756.
Gallagher, T.A., Nemeth, A.J. and Hacein-Bey L. (2008). An introduction to the Fourier Transform: Relationship to MRI. American Journal of Roentgenology, 190(5), 1396-405.
Hashemi, R.H., Lisanti, C.J. and Bradley Jr.W.G. (2017). MRI: The Basics, 4th Eds. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer.
Pruessmann, K.P., Weiger, W., Scheidegger, M.B. and Boesiger P. (1999). SENSE: Sensitivity encoding for fast MRI. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 42, 952-962.
Li, H., Deng, Y., He, G., Kuppusamy, P., Lurie, D.J. and Zweier, J.L. (2002). Proton-electron double-resonance imaging of the in vivo distribution and clearance of a triaryl methyl radical in mice. Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 48, 530-534.
Lurie, D.J., Foster, M.A., Yeung, D. and Hutchison, J.M.S. (1998). Design, construction and use of a large-sample field- cycled –PERDI imager. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 43, 1877-1886.
Moratal, D., Vallés-Luch, A., Martí-Bonmatí, L. and Brummer, M.E. (2008). k-Space tutorial: An MRI educational tool for a better understanding of k-space. Biomedical Imaging and Intervention Journal, 4(1), e15.
Partain, C.L., Price, R.R., Patton, J.A., Kulkarni, M.V. and James, A.E. (1988). Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunder Company.
Preston, D.W. and Dietz, E.R. (1991). The art of experimental physics: Introduction to magnetic resonance. Toronto: Wiley and Sons.
Polyon C., Lurie D.J., Youngdee W., Thomas C. and Thomas I. (2008). Comparison of 14N and 15N nitroxide free radicals Imaged by Field-Cycled Proton-Electron Double-Resonance Imaging (FC-PEDRI) at Low Magnetic Field. Thai Journal of Physics, 3, 122-124.
Puwanich, P., Lurie, D.J. and Foster, M.A. (1999). Rapid imaging of free radicals in vivo using field–cycled PEDRI. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 44, 2867-2877.
Testa, L., Gualtieri, G. and Sotgiu, A. (1993). Electron paramagnetic resonance imaging of a model of a beating heart. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 38, 259-266.