Comparison of Karyotypes and Nucleolar Organizer Regions Heteromorphism between Thai Native Si Sawat Cat and Foreign American Shorthair Cat Breeds in Genus Felis
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Abstract
This study was a comparison of karyotypes and nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) heteromorphism between Thai native and foreign cats (Genus Felis). Chromosome preparations for karyotype analysis were completed by a lymphocyte culture technique. Cytogenetic analysis was performed using conventional staining and NOR-banding techniques. The results showed that the diploid chromosome number of Thai native and foreign cats was 38 chromosomes (2n=38), and a fundamental number (NF) was 72 in males and females. The karyotypes can be classified according to their chromosome sizes and shape into 6 groups (A). It also had a pair of satellites on chromosome no. 1 in group E or chromosome no. 14 in both Thai native cat and foreign cat breeds. In NOR-banding technique analysis, nuclear organizer regions (NORs) position showed on chromosome no.1 in group E of all cat breeds. The study findings indicated that both cat breeds demonstrate an equivalent number of diploid chromosomes, and their karyotypic patterns exhibit remarkable resemblances; these results suggest that the genetic structure of the Thai native cat and foreign cat breeds at the chromosome level is highly conserved. However, we found heteromorphism of NOR sites in Thai native and foreign cat breeds, and differences in the amount of silver nitrate staining were observed at NOR positions across each studied sample. This genetic variation has contributed to an augmentation in the genetic diversity within the family Felidae.
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