Soil Erosion and Its Management in North Khong Watershed
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/ndj.2025.2Keywords:
North Khong Watershed, Soil Erosion, Land Use Change, Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE)Abstract
The North Mekong watershed is the headwaters of various river basins in Thailand, covering an area of 10,897,041 Rai. the North Mekong watershed covers in some areas of Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai, and Phayao provinces. It is an upstream area with intensive land use, responding to area development for increment of agricultural/residential area, and reduction of forest area. Land use change causes soil erosion and land degradation in the upstream, midstream, and downstream areas. The results of the study found that during the period 2011 - 2021, soil erosion has become more severe and more distributed around the watershed. Most of the severe areas were found in the land uses of corn, field crops, rubber, and shifting cultivation, respectively. Areas that experienced severe erosion including highland area in Mae Suai District, Wiang Pa Pao District, Mae Fah Luang District, Wiang Kaen District and Phaya Mengrai District in Chiang Rai Province. Site surveying where soil erosion decreased should be done to extend the practices to other places. Moreover, in severely eroded area, related agencies should promote soil and water conservation practices thoughtfully and constantly.
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