THE INFLUENCE OF WORK MOTIVATION AND ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT EFFECTING THE HAPPINESS OF PUBLIC BUS SERVICE OPERATORS
Keywords:
Work Motivation, Organizational Commitment, Happiness, Public Bus Service OperatorsAbstract
The purpose of this research was to study the influence of work motivation and organizational commitment affecting the happiness of public bus service operator. A sample of 400 employees in BMTA' Bus operation zone 1 was selected by means of stratified random sampling. There were four latent variables namely motivation factor, hygiene factor, organizational commitment, and happiness. The research instrument was a set of questionnaires in 5-point rating scale. The descriptive statistics were analyzed using SPSS, and the causal relationship model was analyzed using AMOS. The findings of the research showed that the influence of work motivation and organizational commitment affecting the happiness of public bus service operators in the causal relationship model was consistent with the empirical data. Goodness of fit statistics found were: c² = 55.043, df = 43, p-value = 0.09, Relative c² = 1.28, GFI = 0.99, AGFI = 0.98, CFI = 0.99, NFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.99, RMR = 0.01, RMSEA = 0.00. The research results indicated that the motivation factor and hygiene factor had a positive direct effect and indirect effect on happiness with organizational commitment as a mediator, and the organizational commitment also has a positive direct effect on happiness of public bus service operators. The variables in the model could explain the variation of happiness results at 52 percent. In order that, administrator of BMTA should establish employees’ work motivation to ensure satisfaction in their work, organizational commitment and happiness.
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สมบูรณ์). นครปฐม: มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล.
อภิชัย มงคล และ คณะ. 2544a. ความสุขและสุขภาพจิตในบริบทของสังคมไทย. วารสารสมาคม
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อภิชัย มงคล และ คณะ. 2544b. การศึกษาดัชนีชี้วัดสุขภาพจิตคนไทย. วารสารสมาคมจิตแพทย์
แห่งประเทศไทย. ปีที่ 46 ฉบับที่ 3. 277 - 232.
Alsughayira, A. 2020. The effect of emotional intelligence on organizational commitment:
Understanding the mediating role of job satisfaction. Management Science Letters.
Vol. 11. 1309 - 1316.
Chau, N. T. N. and Tushar, H. 2020. An Empirical Assessment of Organizational
Commitment and Job Performance: Vietnam Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises.
Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business. Vol. 7 No. 6. 277 – 286.
Eliyana, A., Ma’arif, S. and Muzakk. 2019. Job satisfaction and organizational commitment
effect in the transformational leadership towards employee performance. European
Research on Management and Business Economics. Vol. 25 No. 3. 144 - 150.
Field, L. and Buitendach, J. 2011. Happiness, work engagement and organizational
commitment of support staff at a tertiary education institution in South Africa.
SA Journal of Industrial Psychology. Vol. 37 No. 1. doi:10.4102/sajip.v37i1.946
Gurbuz, S., Costigan, R. and Teke, K. 2021. Does being positive work in a mediterranean
collectivist culture? Relationship of core self-evaluations to job satisfaction, life
satisfaction, and commitment. Current Psychology. Vol. 40. 226 – 241.
Hair, J. F. et al. 2014. Multivariate data analysis a global perspective. 7th ed. New Jersey:
Prentice-Hall International.
Herzberg, F. 2003. One More Time: How Do You Motivate Employees? Harvard Business
Review: Motivating People. Vol. 81 No. 1. 87 - 96.
Javanmardnejad, S. et al. 2021. Happiness, quality of working life, and job satisfaction
among nurses working in emergency departments in Iran. Health and Quality of Life
Outcomes. Vol. 19 No. 221. doi.org/10.1186/s12955-021-01755-3
Kim, H., Fung So, K. K., and Mihalik, B. 2020. Disentangling the dynamics of service failure
and service recovery in peer-to-peer accommodations: A triadic perspective.
International Journal of Hospitality Management. Vol. 100. 1 - 12.
Kumari, N. and Afroz, N. 2013. The Impact of Affective Commitment in Employees Life
Satisfaction. Global Journal of Management and Business Research
Interdisciplinary. Vol. 13 No. 7. 24 - 30.
Kuncoro, E. A., Harly, F., Putri, N. A. and Rumengan, P. S. A. 2020. The Effect of Motivation,
and Organizational Commitment through Job Satisfaction and Its Implication to
Turnover Intention In Insurance Industry. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/
Egyptology. Vol. 18 No. 1. 485 - 493.
Kusni, I., Agus, P., Eko, W. D. and Suhana, S. 2020. Mediating Roles of Job Satisfaction
toward the Organizational Commitment of Employees in the Public Sector. The Journal
of Asian Finance, Economics and Business. Vol. 7 No. 10. 999 - 1006.
Loan, L. T. M. 2020. The influence of organizational commitment on employees’ job
performance: The mediating role of job satisfaction. Management Science Letters.
Vol. 10. 3307 - 3331.
Marta, I. A., Supartha, W. G., Dewi, G. A. M. & Wibawa, M. A. 2021. Job Enrichment,
Empowerment, and Organizational Commitment: The Mediating Role of Work Motivation
and Job Satisfaction. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business. Vol. 8
No. 1. 1031 - 1040.
Maydiantoro, A. et al. 2021. A Literature Review of the Three Elements of Organizational
Commitment: The Meaning of the Contribution Score Average. Wseas Transactions on
Business and Economics. Vol. 18 No. 1. 679 - 689.
Mafini, C. and Dlodlo, N. 2014. The relationship between extrinsic motivation, job satisfaction
and life satisfaction amongst employees in a public organisation. SA Journal of
Industrial Psychology. Vol. 40 No. 1. doi:10.4102/sajip.v40i1.1166
Meyer, J. P. and Allen, N. J. 1991. A Three-Component Conceptualization of Organizational
Commitment. Human Resource Management Review. Vol. 1 No. 1. 61 - 89.
Meyer, J. P. and Allen, N. J. 1997. Commitment in the workplace: Theory, research and
application. California: Sage.
Meyer, J. P. and Martin, E. R. 2010. Employee commitment and well-being: A critical review,
The orifical framework and research agenda. Journal of Vocational Behavior, Vol. 77.
323 - 337.
Noraazian and Khalip. 2016. A three-Component Conceptualization of Organizational
Commitment. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social
Sciences. Vol. 6 No. 12. 16 - 23.
Novitasari, D., Asbari, M., Wijaya, M. R., and Yuwono, T. 2020. Effect of Organizational
Justice on Organizational Commitment: Mediating Role of Intrinsic and Extrinsic
Satisfaction. International Journal of Science and Management Studies. Vol. 3 No. 3.
96 - 112.
Planer, D. G. 2019. The Relationship between Organizational Commitment and
Organizational Citizenship Behaviors in the Public and Private Sectors. Sustainability.
Vol. 11 No. 6395. 1 - 20.
Peklar, J. and Botjancic, E. 2012. Motivation and Life Satisfaction of Employees in the Public
and Private Sectors. Uprava Administration. Vol. 10 No. 3. 57 - 74.
Rex, B. K. 2011. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. 3rd ed.
New York: Guilford Publications.
Roney, C. & Soicher, H. M. 2021. Work and well-being: collective and individual self-concept,
job commitment, citizenship behavior, and autonomy as predictors of overall life
satisfaction. The Journal of Social Psychology. Vol. 161 No. 5. 57 - 74.
doi.org/10.1080/00224545.2021.1915230
Rujit, W. and Liemsuwan, T. 2021. Causal factors influencing organizational commitment of
employee in the automotive and auto parts industries: A case study of Amata City
Industrial Estate Thailand. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences. Vol. 42 No. 1.
75 - 80.
Schumacker, R. E. and Lomax, R. G. 2016. A beginner’s guide to structural equation
modelling. 4th ed. New York: Taylor & Francis.
Silitonga, N. et al. 2020. The Relationship of Transformational Leadership, Organizational
Justice and Organizational Commitment: A Mediation Effect of Job Satisfaction. Journal
of Critical Reviews. Vol. 7 No. 19. 89 - 108.
Spik, A. 2016. Enthusiasts or Trapped? Relations Between Organizational Commitment
Profiles, Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Life Satisfaction. Journal of
Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation. Vol. 12 No. 1. 7 - 34.
Thevanes, N. and Jathurika, M. 2021. Employee Happiness and its Relationship with Job
satisfaction: An Empirical Study of Academic staff in a Selected Sri Lankan University.
Asian Journal of Social Science and Management Technology. Vol. 3 No. 1. 34 - 43.
Thompson, A. and Bruk-Lee, V. 2021. Employee Happiness: Why We Should Care. Applied
Research in Quality of Life. Vol.16. 1419 - 1437.
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2021-12-28
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