The Happiness Structure of Community Hospital Personnel: A Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Policy Implications
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Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the happiness structure of personnel in community hospitals in Uttaradit Province using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Multi-group Analysis. The sample, selected through purposive sampling, comprised 304 personnel from three community hospitals. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The results confirmed a three-factor structure of happiness: life satisfaction, job satisfaction, and social and environmental satisfaction. Job satisfaction exhibited the highest factor loading. The mean happiness scores for all components were high. The measurement model demonstrated acceptable levels of construct reliability and average variance extracted. Multi-group analysis revealed acceptable measurement invariance across gender, profession, work experience, and household income groups. However, significant statistical differences in happiness structure were found between age groups and educational levels, indicating that factors influencing personnel happiness may vary according to age cohorts and educational attainment.
These findings have significant implications for developing human resource management policies in the public health system, particularly in enhancing job quality, improving work environments, and designing policies that consider age and educational differences among personnel. The results can be applied to design tailored happiness promotion programs that address the specific needs of community hospital personnel, ultimately leading to improved quality of life for staff and enhanced efficiency of local public health services.
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