An Analysis of the Use of Descriptive Language for Toponymy in Sunthorn Phu's “Nirat Mueang Klaeng”

Abstract

This study is a documentary research with the objectives of: 1) study the toponyms found in Nirat Mueang Klaeng by Sunthorn Phu, and 2) analyze the linguistic features used to describe these toponyms in Nirat Mueang Klaeng.The findings reveal eight distinctive features of Sunthorn Phu's descriptive language: (1) the use of language to reflect emotions and sentiments through profound word choices and imagery that convey emotional depth; (2) the creation of imagery through comparisons, vividly bringing places and atmospheres to life; (3) the connection of toponymy to personal emotions, enabling readers to visualize locations while experiencing the poet's sentiments and personal reflections; (4) the depiction of the physical characteristics of the landscape, providing readers with a clear and detailed picture of the described locations; (5) the use of language to reflect ways of life and culture, portraying livelihoods, occupations, and traditions of the people; (6) the use of words to convey the hardships of travel, allowing readers to empathize with the poet's challenges; (7) the use of language to illustrate the beauty of nature, immersing readers in the elegance and charm of the locations; and (8) the use of language to express sacredness and beliefs, reflecting cultural traditions and the influence of spirituality on Thai society. These eight features of language demonstrate Sunthorn Phu's exceptional ability to craft profound poetic expressions that evoke vivid imagery and emotional depth. His use of descriptive language not only enriches the aesthetic quality of Nirat Mueang Klaeng but also reveals the poet's inner sentiments and reflections, offering readers a deeper understanding of his experiences and artistry.