Energy Potential of Charcoal Briquette from Flamboyant and Black Rosewood Pods
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Abstract
This research aimed to produce charcoal briquettes from Flamboyant (Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf.) and Black rosewood (Afzelia xylocarpa (Kurz) Craib) pods and evaluated the performance of them as an alternative fuel. Flamboyant and Black rosewood pods were burned to obtain charcoals and mashed into powders. The charcoal powders were mixed with the starch paste at the ratios of 1:1, 1.5:1, and 2:1 (kg : L) and then compressed into fuel briquettes. The fuel properties and heat utilization efficiency of charcoal briquettes were analyzed based on ASTM and Water Boiling Test (WBT), respectively. The results showed that the moisture and calorific values of all tested charcoal briquettes qualified the Community Products Standard of Charcoal Briquettes. The charcoal briquettes from Flamboyant and Black rosewood pods at the ratio of 2:1 showed the best fuel properties as evidenced by the lowest moisture values and volatile matters, but the highest fixed carbon and calorific. Charcoal briquettes at the ratio of 2:1 also showed the highest work values and heat utilization efficiency. During the combustion process, all tested charcoal briquettes were also highly flammable and produced low levels of crackling, drop shatter, and smoke emission. Due to the use of a small amount of starch paste and giving the largest number of charcoal briquettes, charcoal briquettes at the ratio of 2:1 were probably the most suitable to be selected to manufacture charcoal briquettes. In addition, the ratio of 2:1 also showed the best fuel properties and heat utilization efficiency. Overall, Flamboyant and Black rosewood pod wastes could be considered as a potential renewable raw material to produce charcoal briquette instead of wood charcoal for household cooking.
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