การประยุกต์ใช้แบบจำลองจากตัวแทนกับงานวิจัยทางธุรกิจ
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บทคัดย่อ
บทความนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์หลักเพื่อเสนอแนวทางการประยุกต์ใช้แบบจำลองจากตัวแทน (ABM) กับงานวิจัยทางธุรกิจวิธี ABM มีข้อได้เปรียบหลายประการเมื่อเทียบกับวิธีวิจัยแบบดั้งเดิม เพราะสามารถช่วยให้นักวิจัยทราบถึงการเปลี่ยนแปลงของระบบในระยะยาว และช่วยในการทำความเข้าใจปฏิสัมพันธ์ของตัวแทนในระบบซับซ้อนได้ ในการวิจัยครั้งนี้ ผู้วิจัยสำรวจองค์ความรู้เกี่ยวกับการใช้วิธี ABM ในฐานข้อมูล Scopus และในวารสารทางการบริหารธุรกิจที่ได้รับการยอมรับ เพื่อหาช่องว่างในการวิจัยที่สามารถจะเข้าไปเติมเต็มได้ ผลการสำรวจพบว่า นักวิจัยนำวิธี ABM ไปประยุกต์ใช้กับการศึกษาด้านการบริหารธุรกิจอย่างต่อเนื่อง ถึงแม้จำนวนงานวิจัยทางธุรกิจจะยังมีจำนวนน้อย คือเพียงร้อยละ 3.2 ส่วนเทคนิคที่นิยมใช้มากที่สุดคือ ตัวแบบ Kauffmann’s NK และพลวัตระบบ อย่างไรก็ตาม จากการทบทวนวรรณกรรมยังไม่พบการใช้วิธีเซลลูลาร์ออโตมาตากับงานวิจัยทางธุรกิจ ผู้เขียนจึงนำเสนอแนวทางการใช้เทคนิคนี้กับงานวิจัยด้านการเป็นผู้ประกอบการ โดยเฉพาะในบริบทที่สภาพแวดล้อมเปลี่ยนแปลงไปอย่างรวดเร็ว
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