Rapport Management through Thai and Japanese Apologetic Metapragmatic Comments
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Abstract
This research explores how Thai and Japanese interlocutors manage rapport through apologetic metapragmatic comments (AMC), reflecting the speaker’s awareness of the inappropriateness of their own language use. The aims of the study are to identify the communicative situations in which Thai and Japanese AMC are used in order to manage the relationship between the interlocutors. By using the data collected from interactions in Thai and Japanese TV dramas, the findings show that the AMC used in Thai data can be classified according to three categories: asking personal questions, refusing an invitation, and criticizing/complaining. In addition to the same situations found in Thai data, Japanese AMC are used further in the following five situations: complimenting, requesting, teasing, explaining or telling the speaker’s story, and suggesting. In most interactional situations, Japanese AMC are used when the hearer’s “right and obligation” (both “association right” and “equity right”) tend to be threatened by the speaker, while Thai AMC tend to be used when “face” threatening behavior has occurred. These results reveal some of the differences between Thai speakers’ face concerns and Japanese speakers’ interdependent self-construal in the interactions.
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