How Can We Study Depoliticisation (and Politicisation)? A Theoretical Review on Contemporary Conceptual Framework
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Aug 13, 2019
Keywords:
depoliticisation politicisation politics multi-level concept
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Abstract
ทุกวันนี้ กลุ่มคน เช่น นักกฎหมาย นักเศรษฐศาสตร์ นักวิทยาศาสตร์ และ ‘ผู้เชี่ยวชาญ’ ในด้านต่างๆ เป็นผู้ที่ได้รับมอบหมายให้ออกแบบนโยบายรวมถึงนำนโยบายไปปฏิบัติ โดยนโยบายเหล่านี้ เป็นนโยบายที่มีลักษณะของความเป็นการเมืองน้อยและที่มาไม่เชื่อมโยงกับประชาชน วิธีการของรัฐบาลในการกำหนดนโยบายเช่นนี้มองได้ว่าเป็นความพยายามในการผลักความรับผิดชอบออกจากรัฐไปสู่กลุ่มองค์กรที่ไม่ได้มาจากการเลือกตั้ง ที่จะสร้างนโยบายที่ปราศจากการเมืองและความขัดแย้ง กลยุทธ์เช่นนี้เป็นส่วนหนึ่งของ ‘การลดทอนความเป็นการเมือง’
ในวงวิชาการ การลดทอนความเป็นการเมือง เป็นแนวคิดที่กว้างและกำกวมซึ่งสามารถมีความหมายแตกต่างกันไปตามแต่ผู้ให้นิยาม บทความนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อทบทวนและแสดงให้เห็นถึงวิธีการศึกษาการลดทอนความเป็นการเมืองผ่านกรอบแนวคิดวิเคราะห์ร่วมสมัยที่สำคัญบางประการ บทความชิ้นนี้ยังเสนอว่าเราไม่อาจศึกษาการลดทอนความเป็นการเมืองโดยละเลยการพิจารณาการทำให้เป็นการเมืองไปได้ เนื่องจากทั้งสองแนวคิดนี้มีลักษณะในเชิงวิภาษวิธีอันสัมพันธ์กัน ตัวแบบทางทฤษฎีที่นำมากล่าวถึงในบทความนี้ ได้แก่ ตัวแบบของเฮ และ กรอบวิเคราะห์ที่เกี่ยวข้อง ซึ่งได้รับการยอมรับว่าเป็นแนวการวิเคราะห์ที่เป็นระบบที่สุดชัดหนึ่งต่อการศึกษาการลดทอนความเป็นการเมือง นอกจากนี้ การลดทอนความเป็นการเมืองยังเป็นแนวคิดที่มีหลายมิติหลายมุมมองในส่วนสุดท้ายของบทความนี้จึงเรียกร้องให้เรามองการลดทอนความเป็นการเมืองในฐานะเป็นแนวคิดพหุระดับ
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Ungsuchaval, T. (2019). How Can We Study Depoliticisation (and Politicisation)? A Theoretical Review on Contemporary Conceptual Framework. Journal of Social Sciences Naresuan University, 13(2), 13_135–160. Retrieved from https://so04.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jssnu/article/view/208724
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Review Paper
References
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Beveridge, R. & Koch, P. (2016). The Post-Political Trap? Reflections on Politics, Agency and the City. Urban Studies. DOI: 10.1177/0042098016671477.
Bloodgood, E. & Tremblay-Boire, J. (2016). Does Government Funding Depoliticise Non-governmental Organisations? Examining Evidence from Europe.
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Burnham, P. (2001). New Labour and the Politics of Depoliticisation. British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 3 (2): 127-149.
Burnham, P. (2014). Depoliticisation: Economic Crisis and Political Management. Policy & Politics, 42 (2): 189-206.
Conrad, P. (2007). The Medicalisation of Society: On the Transformation of Human Conditions into Treatable Disorders. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Edkins, J. (2002). Forget Trauma? Responses to September 11. International Relations, 16 (2): 243-256.
Evers, H.-D. & Gerke, S. (2009). Knowledge is Power: Experts as a Strategic Group. ZEF Working Paper Series No.8a.
Fawcett, P. & Marsh, D. (2014). Depoliticisation, Governance and Political Participation. Policy & Politics, 42( 2): 171-188.
Feldman, S. (2003). Paradoxes of Institutionalisation: The Depoliticisation of Bangladeshi NGOs. Development in Practice, 13 (1): 5-26.
Ferguson, J. (1990). The Anti-Politics Machine: “Development,” Depoliticisation, and Bureaucratic Power in Lesotho. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Flinders, M. (2008). Delegated Governance and the British State: Walking without Order. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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Flinders, M. & Wood, M. (2014). Depoliticisation, Governance and the State. Policy & Politics, 42 (2): 135-149.
Foster, E. A., Kerr, P., & Byrne, C. (2014). Rolling Back to Roll Forward: Depoliticisation and the Extension of Government. Policy & Politics, 42 (2): 225-241.
Gaynor, N. (2011). In-Active Citizenship and the Depoliticisation of Community Development in Ireland. Community Development Journal, 46 (1): 27-41.
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Hay, C. (2007). Why We Hate Politics. Cambridge: Polity Press
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Himmelstrand, U. (1962). A Theoretical and Empirical Approach to Depoliticisation and Political Involvement. Acta Sociologica, 6 (1/2): 83-110.
Hoppe, R. (2009). Scientific Advice and Public Policy: Expert Advisers’ and Policy makers’ Discourses on Boundary Work. Poiesis and Praxis, 6 (3): 235-263.
Howell, A. (2007). Victims or Madmen? International Political Sociology, 1 (1): 29-47.
Jenkins, L. (2011). The Difference Genealogy Makes. Political Studies, 59 (1): 156-174.
Jessop, B. (2014). Repoliticising Depoliticisation: Theoretical Preliminaries on Some Responses to the American Fiscal and Eurozone Debt Crises. Policy & Politics, 42 (2): 207-223.
Kerr, P., Byrne, C., and Foster, E. (2011). Theorising Cameronism. Political Studies Review, 9 (2): 193-207.
Kettell, S. (2008). Does Depoliticisation Work? British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 10 (4): 630-648.
Kinchy, A. (2010). Anti-genetic Engineering Activism and Scientised Politics in the Case of Contaminated Mexican Maize. Agriculture and Human Values, 27 (4): 505-517.
Kuzemko, C. (2013). The Energy Security-Climate Nexus. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Lasswell, H. D. (1936). Politics: Who Gets What, When, How. New York: Whittlesey House.
Leftwich, A. (1996). On the Primacy of Politics in Development. In Leftwich, A. (Ed.) Democracy and Development (pp.3-24). Cambridge: Polity Press.
Leftwich, A. (2007). The Political Approach to Institutional Formation, Maintenance and Change A Literature Review Essay. IPPG Discussion Paper Series No. 14.
Luke, S. (2005). Power: A Radical View. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Maman, D. & Rosenheck, Z. (2011). The Israeli Central Bank: Political Economy, Global Logics and Local Actors. London: Routledge.
Marcussen, M. (2006). Institutional Transformation? The Scientisation of Central Banking as a Case Study. In Christaensen, T. & Laegreid, P. (Eds.) Autonomy and Regulation: Coping with Agencies in the Modern State (pp.81-109). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Marsh, D. (2011). The New Orthodoxy: The Differentiated Polity Model. Public Administration, 89 (1): 32-48
Mishra, N. (2011). Unravelling Governance Networks in Development Projects: Depoliticisation as an Analytical Framework. Environment and Urbanisation Asia, 2 (2): 153-168.
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Peters, G. B. & Pierre, J. (2016). Comparative Governance: Rediscovering the Functional Dimension of Governing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Pierre, J. & Peters, G. B. (2000). Governance, Politics and the State. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Ranciere, J. (1995). On the Shores of Politics. London: Verso.
Roberts, A. (2010). The Logic of Discipline. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rogers, C. (2009a). From Social Contract to ‘Social Contrick’: The Depoliticisation of Economic Policy-making Under Harold Wilson,1974-75. British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 11 (4): 634-651.
Rogers, C. (2009b). The Politics of Economic Policy Making in Britain: A Re-assessment of the 1976 IMF Crisis. Politics and Policy, 37 (5): 971-994.
Stoker, G. (2006). Why Politics Matters. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Stretton, H. (1976). Capitalism, Socialism, and the Environment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Thompson, D. F. (1980). Moral Responsibility of Public Officials: The Problem of Many Hands. The American Political Science Review, 74 (4): 905-916.
Timmermans, A. & Scholten, P. (2006). The Political Flow of Wisdom: Science Institutions as Policy Venues in the Netherlands. Journal of European Public Policy, 13 (7): 1104- 1118.
Torfing, J., Peters, G. B., Pierre, J., & Sørensen, E. (2012). Interactive Governance: Advancing the Paradigm. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Waghmore, S. (2012). Beyond Depoliticization? Caste, NGOs and Dalit Land Rights in Maharashtra, India. Development and Change, 43 (6): 1313-1336.
Watson, M. (2002). The Institutional Paradoxes of Monetary Orthodoxy. Review of International Political Economy, 9 (1): 183-196.
Wood, M. (2016). Politicisation, Depoliticisation and Anti-Politics: Towards a Multilevel Research Agenda. Political Studies Review, 14 (4): 521-533.
Wood, M. & Flinders, M. (2014). Rethinking Depoliticisation: Beyond the Governmental. Policy & Politics, 42 (2): 151-170.
Adams, T. (1998). The Discursive Construction of Dementia Care. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 28 (3): 614-621.
Bauman, Z. (1999). In Search of Politics. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Beveridge, R. (2012). Consultants, Depoliticisation and Arena-shifting in the Policy Process: Privatising Water in Berlin. Policy Sciences, 45 (1): 47-68.
Beveridge, R. (2016). The (Ontological) Politics in Depoliticisation Debates: Three Lenses on the Decline of the Political. Political Studies Review. DOI: 10.1177/004209801667147
Beveridge, R. & Koch, P. (2016). The Post-Political Trap? Reflections on Politics, Agency and the City. Urban Studies. DOI: 10.1177/0042098016671477.
Bloodgood, E. & Tremblay-Boire, J. (2016). Does Government Funding Depoliticise Non-governmental Organisations? Examining Evidence from Europe.
European Political Science Review. DOI: 10.1017/S1755773915000430
Blühdorn, I. (2007). The Third Transformation of Democracy: On the Efficient Man agement of Late-modern Complexity. In Blühdorn, I. & Jun, U. (Eds).
Economic Efficiency: Democratic Empowerment. Contested Modernisation in Britain and Germany (pp. 299-331). Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield (Lexington).
Blumer, H. (1954). What is Wrong with Social Theory? American Sociological Review, 19 (1): 3-10.
Bryld, E. (2000). The Technocratic Discourse: Technical Means to Political Problems. Development in Practice, 10 (5): 700-705.
Burnham, P. (2001). New Labour and the Politics of Depoliticisation. British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 3 (2): 127-149.
Burnham, P. (2014). Depoliticisation: Economic Crisis and Political Management. Policy & Politics, 42 (2): 189-206.
Conrad, P. (2007). The Medicalisation of Society: On the Transformation of Human Conditions into Treatable Disorders. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Edkins, J. (2002). Forget Trauma? Responses to September 11. International Relations, 16 (2): 243-256.
Evers, H.-D. & Gerke, S. (2009). Knowledge is Power: Experts as a Strategic Group. ZEF Working Paper Series No.8a.
Fawcett, P. & Marsh, D. (2014). Depoliticisation, Governance and Political Participation. Policy & Politics, 42( 2): 171-188.
Feldman, S. (2003). Paradoxes of Institutionalisation: The Depoliticisation of Bangladeshi NGOs. Development in Practice, 13 (1): 5-26.
Ferguson, J. (1990). The Anti-Politics Machine: “Development,” Depoliticisation, and Bureaucratic Power in Lesotho. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Flinders, M. (2008). Delegated Governance and the British State: Walking without Order. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Flinders, M. (2012). Defending Politics: Why Democracy Matters in the 21st Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Flinders, M. & Buller, J. (2006). Depoliticisation: Principles, Tactics and Tools. British Politics, 1 (3): 293-318.
Flinders, M. & Wood, M. (2014). Depoliticisation, Governance and the State. Policy & Politics, 42 (2): 135-149.
Foster, E. A., Kerr, P., & Byrne, C. (2014). Rolling Back to Roll Forward: Depoliticisation and the Extension of Government. Policy & Politics, 42 (2): 225-241.
Gaynor, N. (2011). In-Active Citizenship and the Depoliticisation of Community Development in Ireland. Community Development Journal, 46 (1): 27-41.
Habermas, J. (1970). Toward a Rational Society: Student Protest, Science, and Politics. Boston: Beason Press.
Haines, H. (1979). Cognitive Claims-making, Enclosure, and the Depoliticisation of Social Problems. The Sociological Quarterly, 20 (1): 119-130.
Hall, P. A. (1993). Policy Paradigms, Social Learning, and the State: The Case of Economic Policy Making in Britain. Comparative Politics, 25 (3): 275-296.
Harder, L. (1996). Depoliticising Insurgency. Studies in Political Economy, 50: 37-64.
Harriss, J. (2001). Depoliticising Development: The World Bank and Social Capital. New Delhi: Leftword Books.
Hay, C. (2007). Why We Hate Politics. Cambridge: Polity Press
Hay, C. (2014). Depoliticisation as Process, Governance as Practice: What Did the ‘First Wave’ Get Wrong and Do We Need a ‘Second Wave’ to Put It Right? Policy & Politics, 42 (2) : 293-311.
Himmelstrand, U. (1962). A Theoretical and Empirical Approach to Depoliticisation and Political Involvement. Acta Sociologica, 6 (1/2): 83-110.
Hoppe, R. (2009). Scientific Advice and Public Policy: Expert Advisers’ and Policy makers’ Discourses on Boundary Work. Poiesis and Praxis, 6 (3): 235-263.
Howell, A. (2007). Victims or Madmen? International Political Sociology, 1 (1): 29-47.
Jenkins, L. (2011). The Difference Genealogy Makes. Political Studies, 59 (1): 156-174.
Jessop, B. (2014). Repoliticising Depoliticisation: Theoretical Preliminaries on Some Responses to the American Fiscal and Eurozone Debt Crises. Policy & Politics, 42 (2): 207-223.
Kerr, P., Byrne, C., and Foster, E. (2011). Theorising Cameronism. Political Studies Review, 9 (2): 193-207.
Kettell, S. (2008). Does Depoliticisation Work? British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 10 (4): 630-648.
Kinchy, A. (2010). Anti-genetic Engineering Activism and Scientised Politics in the Case of Contaminated Mexican Maize. Agriculture and Human Values, 27 (4): 505-517.
Kuzemko, C. (2013). The Energy Security-Climate Nexus. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Lasswell, H. D. (1936). Politics: Who Gets What, When, How. New York: Whittlesey House.
Leftwich, A. (1996). On the Primacy of Politics in Development. In Leftwich, A. (Ed.) Democracy and Development (pp.3-24). Cambridge: Polity Press.
Leftwich, A. (2007). The Political Approach to Institutional Formation, Maintenance and Change A Literature Review Essay. IPPG Discussion Paper Series No. 14.
Luke, S. (2005). Power: A Radical View. 2nd ed. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Maman, D. & Rosenheck, Z. (2011). The Israeli Central Bank: Political Economy, Global Logics and Local Actors. London: Routledge.
Marcussen, M. (2006). Institutional Transformation? The Scientisation of Central Banking as a Case Study. In Christaensen, T. & Laegreid, P. (Eds.) Autonomy and Regulation: Coping with Agencies in the Modern State (pp.81-109). Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Marsh, D. (2011). The New Orthodoxy: The Differentiated Polity Model. Public Administration, 89 (1): 32-48
Mishra, N. (2011). Unravelling Governance Networks in Development Projects: Depoliticisation as an Analytical Framework. Environment and Urbanisation Asia, 2 (2): 153-168.
Mollinga, P. P. & Bolding, A. (2004). Introduction. In Mollinga, P. P. & Bolding, A. (Eds). The Politics of Irrigation Reform: Contested Policy Formulation and Implementation in Asia, Africa, and Latin America (pp.1-10). Aldershot: Ashgate.
Peters, G. B. & Pierre, J. (2016). Comparative Governance: Rediscovering the Functional Dimension of Governing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Pierre, J. & Peters, G. B. (2000). Governance, Politics and the State. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Ranciere, J. (1995). On the Shores of Politics. London: Verso.
Roberts, A. (2010). The Logic of Discipline. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Rogers, C. (2009a). From Social Contract to ‘Social Contrick’: The Depoliticisation of Economic Policy-making Under Harold Wilson,1974-75. British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 11 (4): 634-651.
Rogers, C. (2009b). The Politics of Economic Policy Making in Britain: A Re-assessment of the 1976 IMF Crisis. Politics and Policy, 37 (5): 971-994.
Stoker, G. (2006). Why Politics Matters. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
Stretton, H. (1976). Capitalism, Socialism, and the Environment. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Thompson, D. F. (1980). Moral Responsibility of Public Officials: The Problem of Many Hands. The American Political Science Review, 74 (4): 905-916.
Timmermans, A. & Scholten, P. (2006). The Political Flow of Wisdom: Science Institutions as Policy Venues in the Netherlands. Journal of European Public Policy, 13 (7): 1104- 1118.
Torfing, J., Peters, G. B., Pierre, J., & Sørensen, E. (2012). Interactive Governance: Advancing the Paradigm. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Waghmore, S. (2012). Beyond Depoliticization? Caste, NGOs and Dalit Land Rights in Maharashtra, India. Development and Change, 43 (6): 1313-1336.
Watson, M. (2002). The Institutional Paradoxes of Monetary Orthodoxy. Review of International Political Economy, 9 (1): 183-196.
Wood, M. (2016). Politicisation, Depoliticisation and Anti-Politics: Towards a Multilevel Research Agenda. Political Studies Review, 14 (4): 521-533.
Wood, M. & Flinders, M. (2014). Rethinking Depoliticisation: Beyond the Governmental. Policy & Politics, 42 (2): 151-170.