A Descriptive Study of Mental Toughness in Youth Woodball Players

Main Article Content

Ekasak Hengsuko
Unnop Naptheutrong
Dissaphon Boobphachart

Abstract

This study aimed to describe the mental toughness profile of youth woodball players using a multidimensional approach. A total of 86 youth woodball athletes with 1-3 years of experience in the National Youth Games were selected through purposive sampling. Mental toughness was assessed using the Thai version of the Psychological Performance Inventory. Descriptive statistics, including mean and standard deviation, were employed for data analysis.


The findings indicated that overall mental toughness among youth woodball players was at a good level. Motivation demonstrated the highest mean score, followed by attitude control, negative energy control, self-confidence, positive energy, and attentional control,
all of which were interpreted at good levels. Imagery showed the lowest mean score and was interpreted at a moderate level. These findings suggest that mental toughness in youth athletes may reflect a developing psychological profile shaped by competitive exposure and sport-specific demands rather than a fixed psychological attribute.


The results provide baseline descriptive evidence that may assist coaches and practitioners in understanding psychological characteristics of youth athletes in a precision-based, self-paced sport. Further research may explore developmental trajectories and intervention-based approaches to enhance specific psychological components.

Article Details

Section
Articles

References

Bhambri, E., Dhillon, S., & Sahni, S. P. (2005). Effect of psychological skills training on mental toughness among athletes. Journal of Exercise Science and Physiotherapy, 1(1), 23-28.

Crust, L. (2008). A review and conceptual re-examination of mental toughness: Implications for future researchers. Personality and Individual Differences, 45(7), 576-583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.07.005

Crust, L., & Clough, P. J. (2011). Developing mental toughness: From research to practice. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action, 2(1), 21-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/21520704.2011.563436

Demir, G. T., Cicioğlu, H. İ., İlhan, E. L., & Yılmaz, A. (2025). The role of mental toughness, sport imagery, and anxiety in predicting athletic performance: A structural equation modeling approach. BMC Psychology, 13, Article 104. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02566-1

Gould, D., Dieffenbach, K., & Moffett, A. (2002). Psychological characteristics and their development in Olympic champions. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 14(3), 172-204. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200290103482

Jones, G., Hanton, S., & Connaughton, D. (2007). A framework of mental toughness in the world’s best performers. The Sport Psychologist, 21(2), 243-264. https://doi.org/10.1123/tsp.21.2.243

Kuan, G., & Roy, J. (2007). Goal profiles, mental toughness and its influence on performance outcomes among Wushu athletes. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 6(2), 28-33.

Lan, C., Ahmad Rashid, R., & Chen, S. (2025). Effects of mental toughness training on athletic performance: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Current Psychology. Advance online publication.

Loehr, J. E. (1986). Mental toughness training for sports: Achieving athletic excellence. Penguin Books.

Middleton, S. C., Marsh, H. W., Martin, A. J., Richards, G. E., & Perry, C. (2003). Developing the

Mental Toughness Inventory (MTI). Self-Concept Enhancement and Learning Facilitation Research Centre.

Middleton, S. C., Marsh, H. W., Martin, A. J., Richards, G. E., & Perry, C. (2004). Discovering mental toughness: A qualitative study of mental toughness in elite athletes. Self Research Centre Monograph.

Pocius, E. (2025). Development of positive behavior and mental toughness skills in young athletes. Baltic Journal of Sport & Health Sciences, 2(135), 56-57. https://doi.org/10.33607/bjshs.v2i135.1623

Siripong, A. (1997). A study of mental toughness of athletes participating in the 30th National Games [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Srinakharinwirot University.

Wattana, S. (2008). Learning statistics with SPSS: Introductory knowledge (3rd ed.). Wittayaphat Publishing.