Study and analyze the faith of the Pa-O ethnic group in Mueang Mae Hong Son District towards Buddhism

Abstract

This research aims to: 1) Study the community context and way of life of the Pa-O ethnic group, 2) Study the faith of the Pa-O ethnic group in Muang District, Mae Hong Son Province, towards Buddhism, 3) Analyze this faith. The research employed qualitative methods by collecting data from documents and in-depth interviews with 15 key informants. The findings are presented descriptively.

          The research results revealed that:

1) Community Context and Lifestyle of the Pao Ethnic Group: The Pao ethnic group originated in Shan State, Myanmar, and currently resides in the northern region of Thailand, especially in Mae Hong Son Province. Their way of life is closely tied to agriculture, such as shifting cultivation, the use of medicinal herbs, and kinship systems. Their natural resource management is based on customs and traditions. Their clothing typically features dark-colored shirts and brightly colored headscarves. Their food and culture have been influenced by the Tai Yai and Burmese peoples.

2) Faith of the Pa-O ethnic group in Muang District, Mae Hong Son towards Buddhism: The Pa-O firmly practice Theravada Buddhism. Temples and monks serve as the spiritual centers of the community. Religious activities, such as the Poi Sang Long festival and making merit on Buddhist holy days, play important roles in preserving language, culture, and community solidarity.

          3) Analysis of the faith of the Pa-O ethnic group towards Buddhism: The analysis identified three main aspects: (1) Belief in the Triple Gem (Buddha, Dhamma, Sangha) as the supreme refuge, (2) Belief in the law of karma, (3) Belief in cultivating goodness through giving (dāna), moral conduct (sīla), and meditation (bhāvanā), which form the foundation for the sustainable development of the community’s mind and peace.