Floating house for climate resilience: A systematic review of design platforms, hydrostatics, and stability

Authors

  • Eko Sasmito Hadi Department of Naval Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
  • Untung Budiarto Department of Naval Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
  • Samuel Department of Naval Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
  • Seykha Rafita Fathan Department of Naval Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
  • Nicholas Saputra Ambarita Department of Naval Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Raaflie Caesar Putra Hadi Department of Naval Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
  • Good Rindo Department of Naval Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
  • Deddy Chrismianto Department of Naval Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
  • Ahmad Fauzan Zakki Department of Naval Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33175/mtr.2026.286587

Keywords:

Amphibious architecture; Climate resilience; Coastal adaptation; Floating housing; Hydrostatics and stability

Abstract

Rising sea levels, increasingly frequent coastal flooding, and rapid shoreline urbanization demand housing that can adapt safely to changing water levels. This study aims to systematically review the literature on floating and amphibious housing, with particular emphasis on how platform typologies, hydrostatic behaviour, and stability performance influence residential habitability and climate resilience. Using a PRISMA-style systematic review approach, peer-reviewed English-language publications published between 2016 and 2025 were identified from Scopus and Web of Science. A total of 286 records were retrieved, screened, and assessed for eligibility, yielding 34 studies for the final synthesis. The findings are organized into four interconnected domains: platform typologies, materials, and modular design strategies; geometry-hydrostatics-buoyancy relationships; hydrodynamic response and mooring systems; and governance readiness, public acceptance, and service autonomy. The review shows that pontoon-based systems remain the most cost-effective and widely used option, but they often require additional motion-control measures and carefully designed shore interfaces to maintain comfort under wave and current exposure. Catamaran, semi-submersible, and amphibious hybrid systems generally offer better dynamic performance, though they entail greater technical complexity, higher costs, and greater regulatory demands. Overall, the review demonstrates that floating housing should be evaluated as a socio-technical system in which stability is not only a safety requirement but also a key determinant of long-term livability, scalability, and implementation feasibility.

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Cite this article:

APA Style:
Hadi, E. S., Budiarto, U., Samuel, Fathan, S. R., Ambarita, N. S., Hadi, M. R. C. P., Rindo, G., Chrismianto, D., & Zakki, A. F. (2026). Floating house for climate resilience: A systematic review of design platforms, hydrostatics, and stability. Maritime Technology and Research, 8(4), 286587. https://doi.org/10.33175/mtr.2026.286587

 

MDPI Style:
Hadi, E. S.; Budiarto, U.; Samuel; Fathan, S. R.; Ambarita, N. S.; Hadi, M. R. C. P.; Rindo, G.; Chrismianto, D.; Zakki, A. F. Floating house for climate resilience: A systematic review of design platforms, hydrostatics, and stability. Marit. Technol. Res. 2026, 8, 286587. https://doi.org/10.33175/mtr.2026.286587

 

Vancouver Style:
Hadi ES, Budiarto U, Samuel, Fathan SR, Ambarita NS, Hadi MRCP, Rindo G, Chrismianto D, Zakki AF. (2026). Floating house for climate resilience: A systematic review of design platforms, hydrostatics, and stability. Marit. Technol. Res. 8(4):286587. https://doi.org/10.33175/mtr.2026.286587

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Highlights

  • This review synthesizes floating housing design through hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, and stability lenses.
  • Platform typology and modularity strongly affect buoyancy behavior and residential performance.
  • Geometry-driven hydrostatics emerge as a key determinant of stability and serviceability.
  • Mooring and motion-control strategies are central to safe and comfortable floating dwellings.
  • Governance readiness and infrastructure autonomy shape implementation feasibility.

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