CHANGES IN MUSIC CULTURE OF HMONG ETHNIC GROUP IN THE UPPER MEKONG BASIN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/nrru-rdi.2021.74Keywords:
Hmong ethnic music, Musical identity, Evolution of musical culture, The upper Mekong basinAbstract
To genuinely understand of the changing of the Hmong musical art and culture, this research aims to study the historical background of the identity of musical characteristic and the role of music, and to study the changing of musical culture of the Hmong tribe in the upper area of the Mekong River. 30 informants were specifically chosen for the study. The data were collected from the questionnaire and the in-depth interview with the Hmong informants, which were approved by three experts. Field study was used to collect data in The People Republic of Laos and the Northern part of Thailand. Also, content analysis was used to analyze the data. As a result of the analysis, it was found that 1) there were two types of Hmong musical background in the form of folk tale and legends, which are related to the Hmong historical background, the migration, and the political change, 2) Hmong musical form are handed down from generation to generation through oral tale which is related to Hmong tradition and practice, including the do’s and don’ts practice rules, and 3) Hmong musicians have added the major scale into the Hmong music. Traditional Hmong music is still played but it has become less popular, because it is only played on ritual occasions and special ceremony. Thus, it is expected that the existence of Hmong musical art and culture in the upper Mekong River area and the Northern region of Thailand depend on the younger generation of Hmong.
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