Cultural Economy of Nakhon Khanom Jeen : Income Distribution and Economic Roles in Forest, Mountain, Rice Field, and Sea Areas
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Abstract
This mixed-method research (quantitative and qualitative) aimed to: 1) study the role of Khanom Jeen as a cultural economy; 2) analyze the income structure in the supply chain; 3) measure income distribution using quantitative indices; and 4) propose local economic development guidelines. The sample was 11 Khanom Jeen vendors across the Mountain, Forest, Rice Field, and Sea zones of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, selected through multistage sampling. Data were collected via questionnaires and in-depth interviews in FY2022. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Gini Index, and comparative analysis; qualitative data using content analysis. The findings revealed that: 1) Khanom Jeen serves as cultural capital connecting farmers, wholesalers, vendors, and consumers, with indigenous Pak Nho at 69.66% of raw materials; 2) revenue increased from 20,216,400 to 23,549,690 THB in 12 months (16.49%, exceeding the 15% target), profit rose from 3,691,400 to 4,540,263 THB (23%) with a net profit margin of 19.28% and high liquidity from 100% cash-based operations; 3) income distribution was 68.64% local (100% for indigenous Pak Nho), Gini Index 0.36 (lower than Thailand's 0.43–0.45), indicating moderate inequality; and 4) development guidelines include farmer capacity building, marketing networks, accounting skills, cultural capital utilization, and policy integration for a sustainable community economy.
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