Application of the Four Noble Truths in Critical Reading Instruction for Enhancing Students’ Literacy

Abstract

         This article introduces the conceptual application of the Four Noble Truths (Ariya Sacca) to critical reading instruction, aiming to foster literacy among students. The proposed instructional model, termed the TRUE Model, is designed to enhance the critical reading abilities of Matthayom 3 students through integrating the Four Noble Truths. The TRUE Model comprises four distinct stages of critical reading instruction: Stage 1: Talking (T) – Pre-reading. This stage focuses on building prior knowledge, activation and experience. Students are introduced to the reading text and engaget in discussions with the teacher and peers to connect the material with their existing experiences or to construct new ones through shared opinions. Stage 2: Reading (R) – During-reading, which applying the concept of Dukkha (Suffering) from the Four Noble Truths, which involves understanding problems. Students are guided to identify factual problems within the text through silent reading. They are prompted to examine keywords and locate the main idea to comprehend the subject matter. Stage 3: Understanding (U) – Post-reading, this stage incorporates Samudaya (Origin of Suffering), focusing on analyzing and understanding the problems by identifying its causes, and Nirodha (Cessation of Suffering), which involves setting goals for problem-solvings and implementing solutions. The teacher presents specific problems, and students review the text to answer questions based on these identified issues. Stage 4: Evaluating (E) – Reflection and Evaluation, this final stage applies Magga (Path to the Cessation of Suffering), which entails planning and resolving issues. Students reflect on their understanding of the reading materials and utilize information from the text to inform their decision-making. Subsequently, they present the outcomes of the learning activities from each stage, compiling them into
a learning products. Evaluation is conducted collaboratively by students, peers, and the teacher.

         The application of the Four Noble Truths and critical reading instruction not only supports the development of advanced reading skills but also promotes systematic thinking, rational problem-solving, and self-directed knowledge construction. Students will acquire the ability to comprehend what they read, reflect on their own perspectives, and cultivate a genuine affinity for reading—a crucial competency for -century learners, embodying true literacy.