Political Economy of the World Heritage in Thailand: A Comparative Study of Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya Historical Park and Sukhothai Historical Park and Surrounded Area
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Abstract
Abstract
This research purposes 1.to study the economics and politics actors before registered as the world heritage area of Ayutthaya Historical Park and Sukhothai Historical Park and surrounded cities 2.to study the economics and politics actors after registered as the world heritage area of Ayutthaya Historical Park and Sukhothai Historical Park and surrounded cities and 3.to study the adaptation of stakeholders at Ayutthaya Historical Park and Sukhothai Historical Park and surrounded cities. Researchers used qualitative research.
The result show that,
- economics and politics actors before registered as the world heritage area of Ayutthaya Historical Park and Sukhothai Historical Park and surrounded cities consisted of (1) Elite group such as the king, monarchy and high level of government officer (2) Fine Art Department (3) government sector (4) private sector (5) people and groups of digging ancient sites smuggle and (6) UNESCO. These actors built transform dynamics occur within two areas. Elite group had the most important role and built Fine Art Department in King Rama XI period, Fine Art Department not had any role at first, but starting role in the reign of King Rama XIII - King Rama IX to present.
- Economics and politics actors after registered as the world heritage area of Ayutthaya Historical Park and Sukhothai Historical Park and surrounded cities consisted of the same actors as before registered; however, the Fine Art Department role was increase in the status of the main organization responsible to preservation sites because the act of ancient site, antique, artefact and national museum in 1961 (revised II in 1992) with force until today.
- Stakeholders in the world heritage area of Ayutthaya Historical Park and Sukhothai Historical Park and surrounded cities consisted of stakeholders with related to Fine Art Department governance role such as government sector, private sector that had inadequate area so adaptation to build high building and people who lost interest could comment and barrier Fine Art Department work.
Keywords: Political Economy of the World Heritage in Thailand; Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya Historical Park and Sukhothai Historical Park and Surrounded Area
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